地中海伞藻(Acetabularia mediterranea)叶绿体DNA串联重复顺序的克隆和限制性内切酶图谱分析

以COS质粒(cosmid)pCOS 2EMBL 为载体,构建了地中海伞藻叶绿体基因组分子克隆库,并且筛选到含有串联重复顺序的克隆。经限制性内切酶酶解图谱分析,证明了串联重复顺序的存在,重复次数为4次以上。     

克隆蓝藻Calothrix sp.PCC7601 cpcB2A2基因的初步研究

从蓝藻Ｃａｌｏｔｈｒｉｘｓｐ．ＰＣＣ７６０１染色体ＤＮＡ中分离出含藻蓝蛋白基因ｃｐｃＢ２Ａ２的略３．８ＫｂＤＮＡ片段，与质粒ｐＵＣ１８重组，构建成一种重组质粒，ｐＰＣ２１８－ＰＣＺ，转化Ｅ．ｃｏｄｉＪＭ１０９，获得了一系列克隆子，经斑点分子杂交和限制性内切核酸酶分析，筛选出了初步认为含有ｃｐｃＢ２Ａ２基因的克隆子。     

豌豆中GPAT基因编码cDNA的克隆及分析

参照国外报道的豌豆ＧＰＡＴ基因ｃＤＮＡ序列，设计并合成一对寡核苷酸引物，通过ＲＴＰＣＲ技术，从云南地方栽种的豌豆品种中分离到了ＧＰＡＴ基因的编码ｃＤＮＡ片段，并将其纯化后直接克隆到ｐＧＥＭＴ载体系统中，经ＮｃｏⅠ和ＮｏｔⅠ双酶切鉴定，所得的重组质粒中含有１３８０ｂｐ左右的片段．采用ＰｓｔⅠ，ＨｉｎｄⅢ两种限制性内切酶进行酶切，酶切图谱分析表明所克隆的豌豆ＧＰＡＴ基因编码ｃＤＮＡ的酶切图谱与国外所报道的该基因ｃＤＮＡ的酶切图谱一致，暗示了该基因在进行上具有一定的保守性．     

花生根瘤菌基因组文库的构建

以具有高吸Ｈ２活性的花生根瘤菌Ｌ８－３为出发菌株提取总ＤＮＡ，经ＢａｍＨＩ不完全酶切后，获得２０ｋｂ左右的ＤＮＡ片段，按Ｉｓｈ－Ｈｏｒｏｗｉｃｚ和Ｂｕｒｋｅ方法，与具有多克隆位点的ＣｏｓｍｉｄｐＬＡＦＲ３克隆载体连接，经体外包装、转导Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＨＢ１０１，在选择培养基平板上获得１万多个重组克隆子．随机挑选２２个克隆子进行分析，其中１９个克隆子携带外源ＤＮＡ片段，平均长度为２１．４ｋｂ，文库有效克隆子数和插入ＤＮＡ片段均达到建库要求．ＰＣＲ筛选和生物素探针杂交初步结果显示，重组质粒中所携带的外源ＤＮＡ可能含有我们所需的吸Ｈ２基因．     

黄孢平革霉（Phanerochaete chrysosporium）木质素过氧化物酶基因的克隆与分析

用大肠杆菌克隆载体ｐＵＣ１０构建白腐丝状担子真菌黄孢平革霉（Ｐｈａｎｅｒｏｃｈａｅｔｅｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ）ＭＥ４４６基因组文库，用分离自ＢＫＭ－Ｆ１７６７菌株的木质素过氧化物酶ｃＤＮＡ片段ＣＬＧ４和ＣＬＧ５为探针，从构建的基因组文库中分离到一个含木质素过氧化物酶基因的重组子ｐＧＬＧ－Ｍ１。对该重组子插入片段所作的限制酶谱分析结果表明，它与来自ＢＫＭ－Ｆ１７６７的ＧＬＧ２片段的限制酶谱十分相似。     

小菜蛾颗粒体病毒DNA限制性酶切分析及基因组DNA片段克隆

小菜蛾颗粒体病毒ＤＮＡ用ＢａｍＨＩ和ＸｈｏＩ酶切，经０．７５％琼脂糖凝胶电泳，分别得到１２条带和８条带，平均分子量为１１３．０ｋｂ。用Ｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｓ１ Ｃｏｓｍｉｄ作载体，将Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ部分消化的ＰｘＧＶ－ＤＮＡ随机片段插入该载体的ＢａｍＨＩ酶切位点，转化于ＸＬ１－Ｂｌｕｅ受体菌，经Ａｍｐ平板筛选转子，挑出２５６个Ａｍｐ＾＋菌落，以＾３２Ｐ－ｄＣＴＰ标记的ＰｘＧＶ－ＤＡＮ为探针，斑点杂交筛选得到     

盐藻磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因cDNA文库的构建

采用Ｌａｍｂｄａ ｇｔ１０载体构建了盐藻ｃＤＮＡ文库，文库大小为１０＾６／ｍＬ插入片段平均长度大于１ｋｂ。根据果蝇，兔，鼠编码其３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因的辅酶ＮＡＤ的结合功能区保守序列设计一对引物，大小分别为２１ｂｐ和１８ｂｐ。ＰＣＲ扩增得到与果蝇相同的２９０ｂｐ特异扩增片段，以该片段为探针，采用缺口平移系统标记原位杂交，从盐藻ｃＤＮＡ文库中获得３６个３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因的阳性克隆。     

多能硫杆菌RubisCO基因（rbcL－rbcS）的克隆及限制性内切酶图谱分析

以光合细菌圆球状红杆菌Ｒｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｏｄｅｓ的ｒｂｃＬ－ｒｂｃＳ基因为探针，与多能硫杆菌（Ｔｈｉｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ）染色体ＤＮＡ酶切谱带进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，检测到了ｒｂｃＬ－ｒｂｃＳ基因的同源序列，又以ｐＵＣ９为载体，克隆了Ｔ．ｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ染色体ＤＮＡＰｓｔＩ酶切片段，构建成Ｔ．ｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ基因文库，并从这个基因文库中筛选到了含有ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ基因的重组质粒，将其命名为ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０，进一步对ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０进行了限制性酶切分析，作出了ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０限制性内切酶图谱     

酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）同源DNA片段的克隆

利用作者克隆的酿酒酵母基因启动子片段Ｙ８为探针和菌落原位杂交方法，从构建的Ｓ．ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ ＹＮＮ２７基因组文库中共筛选８个阳性克隆。根据这些克隆中插入片段大小和限制酶切结果，可将其划分为６种，分别命名为ＹＮ１－ＹＮ６．Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明，这６种ＤＮＡ片段不仅能与６．５ｋｂ的全长Ｙ８探针我，而且均能与ＰｓｔＩ酶切Ｙ８所得的３段ＤＮＡ探针杂交。     

环状芽胞杆菌基因启动子的分离与鉴定

环状芽胞杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓ）总ＤＮＡ经Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ酶切后插入到启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ１的ＢａｍＨＩ位点，转化大肠杆菌后，在卡那霉素的平板上筛选到５０个抗性菌落。从随机挑取的２９个抗住菌落所分离到的质粒ＤＮＡ经限制酶切和琼脂糖凝胶电泳后表明，各质粒均有ＤＮＡ插入片段，对２９个样品进行卡那霉素抗性试验显示，抗性最高的可超过１０００μｇ／ｍＬ这表明来自环状芽胞杆菌的某些基因启动子能在大肠杆菌中十分有效地启动基因表达，选取两个最大的克隆ＤＮＡ片段ＢＣ３和ＢＣ６作为探针与Ｂ．ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓｃ－２．总ＤＮＡ作Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，均获得杂交带。斑点杂交结果表明，这两个ＤＮＡ片段来自不同的基因启动子。对ＢＣ６和ＢＣ３分别进行了限制酶谱分析，并绘制了限制酶图。     

克隆含有MT-Ⅰ和MT-Ⅱ基因的染色体DNA片段及其内切酶图谱的鉴定

用小鼠MT-ⅠcDNA作为探针,从129小鼠的基因组库中获得含MT-Ⅰ基因的DNA片段。从6.8×10⁵的噬菌斑中挑出4个阳性噬菌体克隆,分别命名为1-1, 2-1, 1-6和4-3。在这4个克隆中1-1和2-1的阳性信号更强些。应用插入片段的末端引物作为探针进行杂交结合部分酶切的方法,对这2个克隆的插入片段进行了限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析,确定了克隆1-1和2-1的酶切图谱及MT-Ⅰ基因在2个克隆DNA中的位置。并进一步发现和证明了在2个克隆中含有MT-Ⅱ基因。     

青岛文昌鱼神经胚中期cDNA文库的构建

提取青岛文昌鱼18小时神经胚中期mRNA,以5＇脱磷的NotI-oligo(dT)18为引物,反转录合成cDNA.双链cDNA的5＇端钝端连接上带EcoRI突出末端的衔接头,再经NotI酶切,在cDNA的3＇端形成NotI突出末端.以SizeSep离心层析柱除去400bp以下的小分子,与带有NotI和EcoRI突出末端并经过5＇端脱磷的λExCellNotI/EcoRI/CIP载体DNA进行连接,经体外包装和感染NM522宿主菌,得到了3.6×10     

Monitoring gene expression by cDNA array

A new method designated cDNA array was developed by hybridization of quantitatively arrayed DNA samples isolated randomly from a cDNA library with probes reverse-transcribed from mRNAs of different sources or treatments. The gene expression patterns of 1 000 randomly chosen clones from an Arabidopsis library were analyzed with green seedlings versus suspension cells and seedlings irradiated under UV light. Northern blot and sequence analysis of some differentially expressed clones confirmed the results revealed by cDNA array, indicating that this method is efficient and reliable to monitor gene expression.     

Construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of rice 5460F

Thermo-sensitive genie male sterile (TGMS) rice has a number of desirable characteristics for hybrid rice production. Many studies have demonstrated that the sterility of TGMS rice is controlled by a single recessive gene. It has been mapped for the first time on chromosome 8 and namedtms 1. Several AFLP markers which tightly linked to thetms 1 gene have been identified recently. In order to develop a detailed physical map of thetms1 gene-encompassing region and finally clone thetms1 gene, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of rice 5460F (the fertile mutant line of TGMS rice 5460S) using a modified vector pECBAC1 has been constructed. The constructed 5460F BAC library consists of 16 896 clones with an average insert size of 119 kb, which represents about 4.7 times rice haploid genome equivalents. Neither chloroplast nor mitochondrial DNA was detected from the library. The library was screened with three single copy sequence amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers which tightly linked totms1 gene as probes and eight positive clones were identified.     

Construction and characterization of a normalized whole-life-cycle cDNA library of rice

A cDNA library with genomic complete coverage is a powerful tool for functional genomic studies.For studying the functions of rice genes on a large scale,a normalized whole-life-cycle cDNA library is constructed based on the strategy of saturation hybridization with genomic DNA using rice cultivar Minghui 63,an elite restorer line for a number of rice hybrids that are widely cultivated in China,This library consists of cDNA from 15 directionally cloned cDNA libraries constructed with different tissues from 9 developmental stages.For normalization,the denatured plasmids purified from the 15 directionally cloned libraries are mixed and hybridized with saturated genomic DNA labeled with magnetic beads in two complementary systems. Well-matched plasmids are captured from the hybridized genomic DNA and electroporated into competent DH10B E. coli for construction of the normalized whole-life-cycle cDNA library.This library consists of 62000 clones with an average insert length about 1.4kb.Inverse Northern blotting shows that this cDNA library included many rarely expressed genes and tissue-specific genes.Sequencing of 10750 cDNA clones of this library reveals 6399 unique EST s(expressed sequence tags),indicating that the non-redundancy of the library is about 59.5%.This library has been used to make cDNA microarrays for functional genomic studies.     

Expression of a bacterial modification methylase gene in yeast

Methylation of specific cytosines in the DNA is generally believed to play some role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. However, some eukaryotes, such as Drosophila and yeast (S. Hattman, personal communication) seem not to contain 5-methylcytosine in their DNA. It would be interesting to test, how gene expression in such organisms would respond to the methylation of specific cytosines in the genome. As a first step towards this goal, we have introduced the gene encoding the Bacillus sphaericus R modification methylase, which methylates the internal cytosine within the recognition sequence 5'-GGCC, into yeast cells. Southern-type hybridization to DNAs isolated from the transformed yeast clones revealed that the yeast plasmid carrying the prokaryotic methylase gene, as well as the two chromosomal genes tested (his3 and leu2) were methylated, whereas the bulk of the yeast DNA remained largely unmethylated. This indicates that the Bacillus sphaericus modification methylase was expressed in yeast but it modified only certain parts of the yeast DNA.     

野生一粒小麦着丝粒RCS1相关序列的克隆鉴定

用水稻着丝粒重复序列RCS1为探针 ,与 30 72个克隆进行菌落杂交 ,得到了 32个阳性克隆 ,用RCS1与拟斯卑尔脱山羊草着丝粒重复序列Tcs2 5 0为探针进一步筛选 ,在 32个RCS1相关的阳性克隆中任选 10个克隆进行点杂交 ,分别有 6个和 5个阳性克隆 .为了克隆RCS1相关片段 ,依据RCS1的序列设计了三对引物 ,将引物 3从上述阳性克隆中扩增的一个 5 4 3bp的片段克隆测序 ,发现与水稻RCS1部分片段达到约 83%的同源 ,与大麦的反转座子 (Ty3 gypsy)部分序列同源性达到了 92 % ,与节节麦中着丝粒的整合酶基因部分序列同源性达到了 96 % ,命名为TBRCS1.TBRCS1可能是野生一粒小麦着丝粒区的组成部分