传统村落空间形态特色研究

中央城镇化工作会议战略目标"让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁",标志着国家对乡村建设的重视。为了更好地继承和运用传统村落营建中将乡村自然环境与社会文化环境相结合的整体规划理念及方法,文中以陕西历史文化名村党家村为例,挖掘传统村落空间格局特点,运用了文献资料收集、实地考察走访和整理分析的研究方法,总结出党家村传统村落空间营造结构特色,它主要从自然环境的因借和人文精神两方面体现。在此基础上,从乡村人居环境和乡土文化的角度对传统村落的空间营造结构特色做探索,挖掘并传承传统聚落文化,为乡村的建设提供可行的规划思路和设计方法,推动当代城镇化建设。     

古村落人居环境构建原型及文化景观环境营造——以国家历史文化名村夏门为例

目的为了更好地继承和运用传统古村落历史人居环境设计方法,对夏门古村落历史空间形态进行了研究和分析。方法文献资料分析,实地考察走访,比较研究。结果夏门古村落其人居环境构建原型为"桃花源"+"坞堡",士族文化与人居环境要素共同构成其文化景观环境。结论自然山水格局融汇士族文化思想,创造"文荫泽被"的理想人居环境。     

聚落“双修”视角下传统村落人居环境转型发展研究——以江永县兰溪村为例

随着新型城镇化和乡村旅游的持续推进,传统村落面临着一系列人居环境危机,以湖南省江永县兰溪村为例,从景观基因修补和文化基因修复的视角,探索了传统村落人居环境转型发展的“双修”机理和应对策略.研究表明：1) 聚落“双修”本质是针对目前我国传统村落人居环境存在的问题而进行的更新改造工作,强调“文化基因修复”与“景观基因修补”,这与传统村落人居环境转型发展过程中实现空间形态重构、生态环境适应、社会文化传承及人居环境更新与营建非常契合.2) 从聚落“双修”视角分析了传统村落人居环境转型发展机理,认为政府、村民等多元主体对破坏的建筑基因、流失的文化基因、冲突的聚落空间基因和恶化的生态环境基因等进行整治与改造,可促使传统村落人居环境有序转型.3) 从聚落“双修”策略来看,依托旅游资源开发,通过分级分区保护、活化文化内涵,使传统村落文化在时代发展与进步中得以延续.提出恢复山水特色,优化绿地系统,强调生态文明,建立治理体系的环境基因修补策略;空间重组,优化用地布局,农旅联动,创新产业升级的布局基因修补策略;循序渐进,加强风貌改造,内修外补,实现有机活化的建筑基因修补策略.     

古村落景观流域属性及其机理研究——以汾河流域为例

古村落是历史时期人类择吉而居、与自然和谐共处的产物,是聚落演进的现代表征和聚落型遗产景观的典型代表.流域是聚落的起源地,聚落型遗产景观具有鲜明的流域个性,汾河是山西的母亲河,流域古村落遗产集聚,散落在汾河流域各段的古村落记录了流域几千年农耕文化、聚落文化的起源、发展和演进,成为山西农耕文化和聚落文化的缩影.由于流域内古村落形成背景与发展条件的不同,古村落构景要素与景观表达分异明显,而对汾河流域古村落景观分异及其形成背景的研究,对于古村落遗产保护与开发利用具有重要的理论和现实意义.     

传统聚落对宁波新农村住区建设的启示

探寻宁波民居聚落在利用环境、协调环境、保护生态等方面的积极意义,分析现代聚落变迁的原因和传统聚落继承的基本原则;提出要对民居传统文化继承、创新、发展,给古老民居以新生,必须做到历史与现代兼容,时间和空间关联,建筑以人为本,努力创造富有宁波地域特色的优美舒适的人居环境。     

济南泉城聚落空间形态与生态环境的关联嬗变

回顾济南自春秋战国到清代末期巧用自然环境、构建特色风貌的城市生态化建设发展历程,从有机结合景观环境的城市泉水水系、由泉而生的适宜人居环境以及趋利避害的城市防灾措施三方面,分析了农耕时代济南先民因利自然的聚居环境营建理念和趋利避害的朴素生态智慧实践。反思自然生态环境的恶化给济南的聚居条件带来了的负面影响,通过梳理近年来济南生态环境重建工作推动城市可持续发展的经验,指出系统保护地域自然生态环境、促进古城营建生态智慧与新型城市功能的有机结合、实现人居环境与自然环境的和谐交融是当代城市建设的理想目标。     

撒拉族传统聚落营建方法解析

撒拉族信仰伊斯兰教,主要聚居在甘青两省交界的循化、积石山一带.当地许多传统聚落在营建过程中匠心独运、手法不拘,即顺应自然又与当地的气候、习俗、信仰密切结合.随着国家"十三五"规划的落实和实施,如何在新城镇建设中,"让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁"、"要融入现代元素,更要保护和弘扬传统优秀文化,延续城镇的历史文脉",需要对传统的乡土聚落原型做一些基础性的研究.文章在实地调研的基础上,通过对撒拉族传统聚落的形态特征、空间营造等方面进行探究,推敲传统聚落的原型营建方法,找寻聚落生成与发展的规律.同时,作者在新聚落营建中,给出了新的聚落空间形态应具有乡土味,新材料的使用应进行乡土转译,慎重引入新技术的建议.     

"天人合一"思想与中国古代人居环境建设

目的 探讨"天人舍一"观念影响下所形成的中国古代人居环境规划理念与方法.方法 通过对"天人合一"不同内涵的文献查阅和相应的人居实证研究.结果 "天人合一"观念影响下中国人居环境建设体现的3个基本特征,即追求人工环境与自然环境和谐,追求自然与人文的统一等.结论 中国古代人居环境追求空间的伦理性,促进理想人格的培养和人文环境的和谐是中国古代人居环境的内在气质;关注人的文化理想和文化信仰,给人以终极关怀,是中国古代人居环境建设的最终依据.     

娜姑镇白雾村传统聚落景观空间对新农村规划的启示

在特定的自然地理条件和人文历史发展的影响下形成的传统聚落对现代新农村景观规划有着重要的意义。会泽县娜姑镇白雾村传统聚落空间经历了千百年与自然环境的和谐共生,形成了其独特的聚落景观和文化风貌,为新农村景观规划提供了良好的条件。从人文历史、自然环境,从整体布局、公共空间、居民空间和生产空间等方面设计规划村落的空间布局,使其于地域形态中生长,与自然很好地融合,挖掘和发挥自然景观和人文景观,创造出充满人性的空间。     

文化生态学视野下的徽州村落空间生成和保护探析——以黟县碧山村为例

村落的生成和发展承载着地域的文化和精神,村落的保护是地域文化多样性保护的基础。本研究以徽州传统村落碧山村为研究对象,从田野调查入手,借鉴文化生态的学科范式与理论方法,从自然环境、社会经济和精神3个层面分析古村落文化的生成。解析构成碧山村文化的景观基因,从而探讨其村落和建筑布局的由来与保护。从关键文化基因的甄别和动态化的保护管理提出了古村落的保护建议,为实现碧山村乃至徽州其他古村落文化的可持续发展提供依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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