厦门白鹭卵的重金属含量分析

采用原子吸收法测定及比较厦门白鹭自然保护区鸡屿岛的白鹭(Egretta garzetta)卵的4种重金属(Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn)含量.结果表明,在白鹭卵的混合内含物当中或者在卵清和卵黄当中,4种重金属的含量都是Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd,在卵壳当中的含量则是Zn＞Pb＞Cu＞Cd;白鹭卵壳的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量分别为22.594±2.383 μg/g,3.534±0.390 μg/g,11.850±1.877 μg/g,26.802±1.649(wet mass);白鹭卵清的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量分别为0.506±0.110 μg/g,0.180±0.032 μg/g,2.837±0.786 μg/g,10.389±0.361 μg/g(wet mass);白鹭卵黄的的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量分别为0.965±0.131 μg/g,0.537±0.092 μg/g,4.667±0.335 μg/g,13.536±0.327 μg/g(wet mass);白鹭卵壳的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量显著高于卵清和卵黄内的(p＜0.05),卵黄内的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn含量高于卵清内的(p＜0.05).这表明鸟类能通过将过多的或不需要的重金属分泌到卵壳而排出体外,由此调整体内的元素平衡.     

力竭性运动对大鼠骨骼肌Ca2+含量的影响

观察大鼠力竭性运动后即刻组及三小时后组(以下简称3h组)骨骼肌内Ca2+的变化情况,探讨骨骼肌Ca2+在力竭性运动后和恢复中的变化及其机制.力竭性运动后取大鼠骨骼肌,采用原子吸收分光光度计测其Ca2+浓度.运动后即刻组骨骼肌中Ca2+浓度(2068.33±752.02μg/g)比对照组(615.31±546.03μg/g)有极显著增高(P＜0.001),3 h组(734.58±258.70μg/g)与对照组无明显差异,即刻组和3 h组有极显著性差异(P＜0.001)力竭性运动即刻,骨骼肌中Ca2+浓度显著增高,恢复期内Ca2+浓度逐渐恢复.     

小鸡接种新城疫Ⅱ系苗后体内抗体生成细胞的分布

本试验首次利用间接荧光抗体技术(Indirect fluorescent antibody technique)检查了小鸡接种新城疲Ⅱ系苗后体内抗体生成细胞的分布,并比较了小鸡以点眼滴鼻及肌肉注射两种途径接种后抗体生成细胞的出现及分布,结果表明:两种途径接种后一定时间内均可在脾脏、法氏囊、盲肠扁桃体、肠道(十二指肠、空肠、盲肠)及胸腺等器官、组织中检出特异性抗鸡新城疫抗体生成细胞。这些细胞的出现与消失,与血中HI抗体消长呈正相关。滴鼻点眼接种后,在肺泡、各级支气管和哈德氏腺检出了特异性抗体生成细胞,但肌肉注射则不出现,说明不同接种途径对局部免疫应答有重要影响。     

固态发酵生产饲用β-葡萄糖酶的产业化技术研究

采用黑曲霉菌株An08-752,经曲盘、发酵床(帘子床)、厚层通风制曲池进行固态发酵,产业化生产饲用β-葡萄糖酶,结果表明:通风曲池厚层通风发酵培养30～32 h,产β-葡聚糖酶最高,发酵酶活力达到1.15×105μ/g;发酵床发酵培养时间35～37 h,产β-葡聚糖酶最高,发酵酶活力达到1.28×105μ/g;曲盘发酵培养32～34 h,产β-葡聚糖酶最高,发酵酶活力达到1.36×105μ/g.     

国产氯前列烯醇和催产素诱导母猪分娩效果初探

临床试验表明,对妊娠111天的长×约母猪单独肌注国产氯前列烯醇0.1mg后平均34.23±6.80h(n=30)开始分娩,分娩持续时间为3.29±1.20h,与对照组84.24±13.48h(n=30)和4.23±2.48h相比前者差异极显著(P<0.01),后者差异较显著(P<0.05)。应用氯前列烯醇24h后配合肌注催产素10iu,其开始分娩的时间从初用药计算为29.39±5.16h(n=30),平均产仔时间为2.94±1.67h,两组数据与对照组相比均差异极显著(P<0.01),与单独用药组相比开始分娩的时间提前约4.8h,差异极显著(P<0.01),分娩持续时间缩短1.29h,差异显著(P<0.05)。各组间平均窝产仔数和平均窝产死仔数的差异均不显著。两种激素配合使用比单独用药分娩时间更趋于集中,产后下奶良好,可作为一种控繁手段准确诱导母猪于白日分娩,达到提高管理分娩母猪质量,减少仔猪死亡头数的目的。     

重组人截短型IL-6在大肠杆菌DH5α中的高效表达与纯化

为研究重组人截短型白细胞介素6(rhIL-6)工程菌高效表达的影响因素及纯化方法的优化.观察不同培养温度对重组人截短型IL-6工程菌生长密度和IL-6表达的影响;复性蛋白终浓度对复性效率的影响;细菌诱导培养后,经破菌-洗包-溶包初步纯化后,再经柱层析纯化IL-6.其结果为30℃培养后42℃诱导培养5h的IL-6表达效率最高,达32.8%;复性蛋白终浓度在0.5 g/L以下时,蛋白复性效率最佳,比活性为4.42×108 μmol/min*mg-1;进一步柱层析后,IL-6的纯度达96.5%,得率可达46.5%.最后得出培养和纯化工艺简便易行,可获得高纯度、高比活性的截短型rhIL-6的结论.     

腺病毒载体介导的GFP在鸡胚成纤维细胞中的表达及RNA干涉

鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）是多种动物及人类病毒的易感细胞;也是研究鸡的基因组功能的理想材料．本试验的目的是研究非复制型腺病毒载体对CEF的转染效率及安全性;并建立在CEF细胞中进行RNAi的技术平台．采用GFP重组非复制型腺病毒载体（Ade-GFP）转染CEF细胞：结果证明0．1．2000 MOI Adv-GFP均可转染CEF细胞并表达GFP;转染后16h开始出现GFP阳性细胞：胞核与胞浆可见明亮的荧光：荧光细胞数量及荧光强度在24～36h达到高峰：以后逐渐衰减;约180h全部消失;转染效率最高为22.3％;形态学观察及流式细胞仪测定结果显示：Adv-GFP转染的CEF细胞未见细胞病变;多数转染组细胞活力不受影响：说明用Adv-GFP携带外源转染CEF细胞是安全可行的;用脂质体转染试剂转染化学合成的GFP-siRNA;成功地干涉了腺病毒载体介导的GFP基因在鸡胚成纤维细胞的表达：干涉效率为85％：证明了鸡胚成纤维细胞中存在RNAi机制：为进一步利用非复制型腺病毒载体递送siRNA在CEF细胞内进行RNAi的研究奠定了基础．     

不同抗性松树与松材线虫互作中H2O2 及其氧化酶活性的差异

为探讨不同抗性松树接种松材线虫后过氧化氢(H2O2)、氧化酶活性变化差异与其抗性间的关系,对火炬松、马尾松和黑松接种松材线虫后针叶内H2O2含量、POD和APX酶活性 动态变化进行了研究。结果发现,黑松和马尾松在接种早期(接种4 h后)针叶内H2O2含量(分别为(470.01±47.20)μmol/g和(232.33±9.42)μmol/g)远高于火炬松((145.46± 11.86)μmol/g),但在接种72 h后,火炬松针叶内H2O2含量上升幅度较大,且在达到峰值后下降幅度比黑松和马尾松的小。3种松树接种松材线虫后的POD和APX酶活性均出现两次高 峰值,峰值从大到小均为：黑松、马尾松、火炬松,且在达第1次活性高峰时感病松树上升快,在达第2次活性峰时抗病的火炬松上升快。这表明不同抗性松树接种松材线虫后,其 体内H2O2含量、POD和APX酶活性变化差异与其抗性存在密切关系,H2O2含量的积累程度对松树抗病性具有重要的影响。     

利用重组大肠杆菌生产聚-3-羟基丁酸的研究

利用携带能合成聚-3-羟基丁酸的基因的大肠杆菌E. coli XL1-Blue,优化培养基和培养条件后,进行了补料分批培养.结果表明,重组大肠杆菌E. coli XL1-Blue(pKSS105)的最适培养基为R培养基.在最佳条件下,以葡萄糖为唯一碳源培养工程菌60h后,发酵液中菌体干重达183g/ L,P(3HB)的产量为133.8g/ L,P(3HB)含量为73.1%.实验结果为P(3HB)实际应用提供了可能性的基础.     

重组VEGF-A_189发酵、纯化及鉴定

为了获得大量重组血管内皮生长因子(VEGF-A_(189))蛋白的可溶性表达,对重组VEGF-A_(189)工程菌进行发酵条件的优化并开展发酵研究.通过摇瓶培养进行可溶性发酵条件优化,在5 L发酵罐中发酵重组VEGF-A_(189)工程菌,将发酵产物经镍离子柱亲和层析纯化,并对发酵产物进行SDS-PAGE,Western Blot和ELISA等分析鉴定.结果表明,重组VEGF-A_(189)工程菌可溶性发酵条件为:37℃培养重组VEGF-A_(189)工程菌4 h,加入0.3 mmol/L的异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)于28℃诱导表达4 h.在5 L发酵罐中按比例放大发酵,在补料发酵3.5 h后菌体密度(A_(600nm))达到8.0,调整发酵温度到28℃,IPTG诱导4 h后的菌体密度为13.72,菌体产量为40 g/L.镍离子柱亲合层析纯化后重组VEGF-A_(189)纯度达到90%以上,回收率大于80%,Western Blot、ELISA分析结果显示,重组VEGF-A_(189)蛋白和抗VEGF抗体有良好的结合活性.结果表明经过发酵条件优化后发酵可获得有免疫结合活性的可溶性重组VEGF-A_(189)蛋白.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-