Alkalibacterium sp. SL3中α-半乳糖苷酶基因的克隆、表达和性质研究

以大布苏盐碱湖分离菌Alkalibacterium sp. SL3的DNA为模板,利用PCR扩增α-半乳糖苷酶基因(galSL3),构建重组质粒pET-22b-galSL3,转化至大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）诱导表达重组酶（rGalSL3）. 通过镍柱亲和层析分离纯化重组酶,并对纯化的重组酶进行性质研究. 研究表明,纯酶rGalSL3最适pH值为5.5,最适温度为55℃;该酶在pH值 5.0~10.0保持90%以上的剩余酶活,在50℃有非常好的热稳定性. 在0~1.5mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中该酶的酶活基本不受影响,在3.0mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中有很好的稳定性. Pb²⁺、Ca²⁺、Co²⁺、Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Triton-100和β-mercaptoethanol等对重组酶的活性有明显的促进作用. 该酶水解对硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的K_m、v_max和k_cat分别为(2.64±0.02)μmol·mL^-1、(454.55±0.59)μmol·(mg·min)^-1和(347.73±1.27)s^-1. 重组酶可水解蜜二糖和棉籽糖,不能水解瓜尔豆胶.     

非连通图(P3∨Km)∪G及(C3∨Km)∪G的优美性

 将k--优美图的概念进行了推广,引入A～B优美图的概念,并以此为基础,得到了非连通图 (P₃∨K_m)∪G及(C₃∨K_m)∪G是优美图的一个充分条件。证明了对任意正整数k,m,n,t,当k≤n≤t,n+k－1≤m时,图 (P₃∨K_m)∪(^k∪_j=1 K_n,t) 和 (C₃∨K_m)∪(^k∪_j=1 K_n,t)是优美图;当k=1,2,2≤n<2m+1时,图(P₃∨K_m)∪^k∪_j=1 P_n, (C₃∨K_m)∪^k∪_j=1 P_n 和 (P₃∨K_m)∪ P_n∪St(t)是优美图;当2≤n≤2m+1时,(P₃∨K_m)∪ P_n∪St(t) 是优美图。本文的结果推广了现有的一些结论。     

碱性蛋白酶交联聚集体的制备及其催化性能研究

碱性蛋白酶在食品、医药、酿造、丝绸、皮革等行业中发挥着重要作用。制备了碱性蛋白酶交联体,并对其催化性能进行研究。在最佳制备条件下(90%叔丁醇作为沉淀剂,沉淀时间为15min,交联剂浓度为33mmol/L,交联时间为6h),交联酶的酶活回收率为22.6%。与游离酶相比,交联酶的最适pH值向碱性方向变化,由7.5变为8.0,最适温度由60℃变成65℃。酶动力学研究表明,交联酶对酪蛋白的催化水解能力(4.3min-1)比游离酶(3.7min-1)更高。尽管交联酶最大反应速度V_max(9.8mg/(mL·min))低于游离酶(13.3mg/(mL·min)),但交联酶对底物的亲和力K_m(2.3mg/mL)比游离酶(3.6mg/mL)有所增加,而且其热稳定性和酸碱稳定性都得到一定程度的提高。另外,在磷酸盐缓冲液中重复使用5和8批次后,交联酶还能保持82.5%和56.5%的酶活性。     

一类四阶微分方程Neumann边值问题正解的存在性

运用锥上的不动点指数理论获得了四阶Neumann边值问题 y(4)(x)+(k_1+k2)y″(x)+k_1k2y(x)=f(x,y(x)),x∈[0,1], y′(0)=y′(1)=y(0)=y(1)=0 在条件k₁2<0下正解存在的最优条件,其中f∈C([0,1]×[0,∞),[0,∞))。     

信息传播的最优结构

 研究连通网络中的信息传播问题,即有信息的节点vi在每个单位时间里能同时向它的至多k_i(k_i≥1)个邻点发送信息,要求传播的最短时间,使得网络中所有顶点均有此种信息.鉴于在任意网络中该问题是NP-完备的,特研究一种特殊的网络,即m维立方体网络.通过应用递推技巧,揭示了在m维立方体网络上信息传播的诸多好的特性及有趣的现象,显示了m维立方体网络是信息传播问题的最优结构.     

茜素黄R-γ-环糊精包合物与鲱鱼精DNA的作用机制

  在生理pH=7.4环境下,用摩尔比法测定γ-环糊精(γ-CD)与茜素黄R(AYR)的包合比(摩尔比)n_γ-CD ∶n_AYR =1∶1,确定包合常数K^Θ_f ,_288.15K=1.69×10⁵ L/mol。以吖啶橙(AO)作为分子探针,用紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法、化学热力学法和黏度法等研究包合物γ-CD-AYR与鲱鱼精DNA(hsDNA)的作用,得到γ-CD-AYR包合物与hsDNA作用的结合比n_DNA ∶n_γ-CD-AYR=1∶2,结合常数为K _288.15K=3.10×10⁴ L/mol,K _310.15K =4.02×10⁴ L/mol。热力学函数Δ_rH_m^Θ=8.78×10³ J/mol,Δ_rG_m^Θ=-2.59×10⁴ J/mol, Δ_rS_m^Θ=116.45 J/(mol·K) ,说明γ-CD-AYR包合物与DNA作用为熵驱动。确定γ-CD-AYR与hsDNA的作用方式为静电和部分嵌插的作用方式。     

2-连通［4,2]-图中的圈

如果图G中任意s个点的导出子图至少含有t条边，则称图G为［s,t］-图. 设是2-连通［4,2］-图，C是G中满足|V(C)|＜|V(G)|的任一圈，则或者G中有(|C|+1)-圈，或者G同构于K_2,3,K_1,1,3,F₁,F₂,F₃,F₄,F₅之一.     

巴伦葛兹类芽孢杆菌β-葡萄糖苷酶的表达、酶学性质及结构解析

从克隆巴伦葛兹类芽孢杆菌CAU904中克隆得到一个β-葡萄糖苷酶基因,并在大肠杆菌中进行了异源表达,研究了重组酶的酶学性质,进一步解析了该酶的晶体结构。研究结果表明,该酶的最适温度和pH值分别为50℃和7.5。该酶底物特异性较广,能够水解β-1,2、β-1,3、β-1,4、β-1,6-糖苷键等在内的多种糖苷键,对昆布多糖、大麦β-葡聚糖和地衣多糖等聚糖均有水解作用。晶体结构信息表明,该酶呈现糖苷水解酶(GH)3家族典型的多结构域结构,其催化口袋由类似(α/β)₅的三明治结构域和(β/α)₈折叠桶结构域中间的loop构成,其中芳香氨基酸残基Trp748侧链提供-1位结合位点,Trp749侧链提供+1位结合位点,Trp131侧链提供+2位结合位点,这些芳香氨基酸残基形成了一个小的口袋和疏水性环境,不利于转糖苷反应。     

非线性薛定谔-基尔霍夫型系统的基态解

研究如下薛定谔-基尔霍夫型系统, -a+b∫R³u₁²dxΔu₁₊λ_1u1=μ₁u₁2q-2u_1+b12u₂^qu₁q-2u₁, -a+b∫R³u₂²dxΔu₂₊λ_2u2=μ₂u₂2q-2u_2+b21u₁^qu₂q-2u₂, u₁∈H¹(R³),u₂∈H¹(R³), 其中a>0,b≥0,λ_i,μ_i(i=1,2)是任意给定的正常数,b₁₂=b₂₁>0且q∈(2,3)。分析非局部项(∫R³u_i²dx)带来的扰动影响,利用变分方法证明了系统存在一个正基态解(u*₁,u*₂),且u*_i(i=1,2)是径向对称衰减的。     

微生物的耐酸驯化及其对低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水修复的影响

为增强微生物对低pH值环境的耐受能力,提高微生物在低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水中去除NO－₃及水解植酸钠的能力,对琼氏不动杆菌和伯克霍尔德菌进行了耐酸梯度驯化,并对比研究了驯化前后菌株的耐酸能力。对于去除NO－₃的能力及水解植酸钠的能力,与原始菌株相比,琼氏不动杆菌经过梯度驯化后,在pH值为3.0的地浸铀矿山地下水中,生物量提高了1.5倍,去除NO－₃的能力提高了3.9倍;伯克霍尔德菌的生物量提高了11.8倍,水解植酸钠的能力提高了47.6倍。结果表明,对微生物进行耐酸梯度驯化,可以提高微生物对低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水的耐受能力和修复性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that