SiO2包覆对爆炸喷涂自敏涂层发光和摩擦性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在铝酸锶荧光粉表面包覆SiO₂层,以45号钢为基体,采用爆炸喷涂技术制备不同SiO₂包覆质量分数下的SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺/Cu-14Al-X自敏复合涂层.对比研究了不同包覆质量分数下铝酸锶粉末与自敏涂层的发射光谱和余辉衰减曲线,复合涂层的摩擦系数与磨损量以及SiO₂包覆质量分数对自敏涂层的发光性能和摩擦学行为的影响.结果表明:SiO₂包覆使得铝酸锶在爆炸喷涂制备过程中得到了保护,提高了涂层的发光性能.随着SiO₂包覆质量分数的增加,复合涂层结构致密度、硬度和耐磨性提高.20%包覆质量分数下铝酸锶粉末硬度为564.5HV,比未包覆铝酸锶粉末的涂层提高了38%.由于破碎后的SiO₂包覆层具有自润滑效果,包覆后复合涂层的摩擦系数相对稳定,15%SiO₂包覆质量分数下复合涂层摩擦系数为0.182,具有最优的摩擦性能.     

散热器供暖相变蓄热材料的性能实验

针对相变蓄热应用于散热器供暖存在的问题,开展以石蜡为相变蓄热基体,以膨胀石墨为强化传热载体的复合相变蓄热材料性能的实验研究.制备石蜡/膨胀石墨复合相变材料时,以相变温度64℃的石蜡为基体,加入膨胀石墨强化传热性能.实验研究表明:质量分数为3.0%的50目膨胀石墨蠕虫可以有效提高材料热导率;在相变蓄热水箱中,加入质量分数为3.0%的50目膨胀石墨蠕虫后,相变材料蓄放热时间缩短了50%;质量分数为3.0%的50目膨胀石墨试样的相变潜热值为203.1 J·g~(-1).     

不同热处理气氛下制备CDC涂层

碳化物衍生碳(CDC)以其独特的特性被广泛应用在气体存储和摩擦学等领域.氯气刻蚀法制备CDC涂层具有操作简单、成本低、易控制等优点.实验系统研究了热处理气氛中氯气含量对CDC涂层性能的影响,通过激光共聚焦显微镜、高温摩擦磨损试验机、显微硬度仪、划痕仪等检测手段,分析了CDC涂层性能与热处理气氛之间的关系.结果表明,在氯气体积分数为5%～9%条件下1 175℃保温2 h所制备的CDC涂层表面光滑平整、硬度较高、且与基体的结合强度较好.此时CDC涂层的干摩擦因数最小为0.108,耐磨性最强,具有良好的摩擦学性能. CDC涂层显微硬度约为153 HV,明显低于SiC陶瓷的硬度.     

石墨/聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用快速热压烧结法制备了纯聚醚醚酮(PEEK)及石墨改性聚醚醚酮(GP/PEEK)复合材料。对比探究了纯PEEK和GP/PEEK复合材料的硬度、导热性能、摩擦学性能及抗摩擦静电性能等。结果表明：GP的加入虽会降低GP/PEEK复合材料的邵氏硬度,但显著提高了GP/PEEK复合材料的导热系数。同时,GP的加入也会影响复合材料的摩擦学性能。GP/PEEK复合材料的摩擦因数均低于纯PEEK材料,当石墨质量分数为15%时,15%GP/PEEK复合材料的减摩性较纯PEEK提高了59.5%;但GP/PEEK复合材料的耐磨性较纯PEEK下降。GP/PEEK复合材料的磨损机制以粘着磨损和磨粒磨损为主。当石墨质量分数15%时,15%GP/PEEK复合材料的摩擦静电现象几乎全部消失。     

碳纤维/石墨-铜基自润滑耐磨复合涂层的摩擦学性能

为提高45~#钢的摩擦学性能,采用热压烧结技术,在45~#钢表面制备了以Ni为中间连接层的铜基自润滑耐磨复合涂层。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪对涂层表面及截面的微结构进行了分析;采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机与GCr15球配副,在不同载荷和速度下,研究了铜基自润滑耐磨复合涂层和基体的干摩擦学性能,并分析了磨损机理。结果表明:在所有试验条件下,含4wt%碳纤维和2wt%石墨样品的摩擦系数和磨损率均比45~#钢低,且在15 N载荷、500 r/min转速下显示出最优的摩擦学性能。     

粘结石墨基固体润滑涂层的微动摩擦磨损性能

为了探讨粘结石墨基固体润滑涂层的微动摩擦磨损性能的作用机理,使用SRV 微动摩擦磨损试验机对粘结石墨基固体润滑涂层在微动试验条件下的摩擦学性能以及抗承载能力进行研究,对其磨痕形貌和对偶转移膜进行分析.研究结果表明粘结石墨基固体润滑涂层的磨损率随着试验载荷和摩擦速度的增大而减小;而摩擦因数随着试验载荷增大而减小,随摩擦速度增大而缓慢增大;在微动摩擦过程中,高载高速可以促进高质量转移膜在对偶表面形成,从而使得粘结石墨基固体润滑涂层具有良好的抗承载能力和优异的抗磨减摩性能.     

聚氨酯石墨抗静电防腐涂层在高硫原油中的耐蚀性研究

针对高硫油对原油储存设备腐蚀严重的实际,选用聚氨酯树脂为成膜物质,石墨为导电介质制备抗静电防腐涂层,采用失重法研究了石墨含量、硫浓度、温度对涂层耐蚀性的影响.结果表明:不含石墨及w(石墨)在25%时,涂层质量的增加主要是由聚氨酯活性基团与介质中的硫反应引起,w(石墨)在55%时涂层质量的增加主要是由渗透引起;不含石墨及w(石墨)为25%时涂层增重较大,w(石墨)为55%时涂层增重最大.硫含量增加使不含石墨的涂层质量增加,当w(石墨)在25%~45%时,涂层质量增加与硫含量无关.温度升高使不含石墨的涂层质量增加,当w(石墨)为25%~45%时,温度升高涂层质量变化较小.因此,聚氨酯石墨抗静电防腐涂层w(石墨)为35%~45%时,其耐蚀性最好.     

网络互穿结构的碳纳米管铜基复合材料研究

在碳纳米管为骨架的明胶复合弹性体的形成过程中预埋铜粉,并经过炭化、还原、真空烧结等热处理,制备了碳纳米管-铜基复合材料.扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明,碳纳米管与铜基形成了网络互穿的结构.摩擦学试验结果表明,随着碳纳米管的质量分数从0%增加到9%,复合材料的耐摩擦性能得到了很大的改善.     

铝合金表面机械球磨Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层的制备及其摩擦特性研究

通过机械球磨方法在铝合金表面制备了Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层,对涂层微观组织、组成成分和摩擦学性能等进行了分析.结果表明:经过7 h机械球磨制备的Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层内元素均匀分布;550℃退火后涂层中均有Al3 Ni金属间化合物新相生成;复合涂层中Al3 Ni和Mo的存在使得涂层硬度高于铝合金基体和Ni-Al涂层,...     

纳米石墨基导电复合涂料的电磁屏蔽性能

以纳米石墨微片作为导电填料,高分子树脂作为粘结剂,制备高导电性复合涂料,研究其电磁屏蔽等相关性能.探讨纳米石墨微片、基体树脂、表面改性剂、溶剂,以及分散工艺和施工工艺对导电涂料的导电性及电磁屏蔽效能的影响.结果表明,质量分数为30%的纳米石墨微片,质量分数为5%的阳离子分散剂,质量分数为65%的丙烯酸树脂,以及适量混合溶剂为较佳配方,而以机械研磨辅以超声分散是较好分散工艺.通过该法制备得到的导电涂料,其涂膜的表面电阻率低至0.6Ω.m-1,电磁屏蔽效能达到38 dB(1.5 GHz).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.