聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成

丙烯酸乙酯与2-溴丙烯酸乙酯乳液共聚合制备了聚(丙烯酸乙酯-co-2-溴丙烯酸乙酯)无规共聚物，用该共聚物作为原子转移自由基聚合的大分子引发剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的接枝聚合，制备了聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物。接枝共聚物的分子量随单体转化率的上升而线性增加。     

氢氧化钠催化dl-薄荷醇异构化的研究

研究了以氢氧化钠为催化剂的dl-薄荷醇异构化反应,在220℃下达到平衡时的反应液组成 为dl-薄荷醇51％～67％,新薄荷醇20％～24％,异薄荷醇11％～13％,新异薄荷醇1．7％～2．0％、 薄荷酮10％～15％,常压蒸馏后获得的蒸馏液组成为dl-薄荷醇42％～50％,新薄荷醇25％-28％, 异薄荷醇10％～11％,新异薄荷醇2．1％～2．3％,薄荷酮14％-20％．用NaBH4对蒸馏液进行还原, 减压蒸馏后得到dl-薄荷醇51％-52％,新薄荷醇30％～32％,异薄荷醇9％～11％,新异薄荷醇 4％～8％组成的异构化产品．     

1-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)-2-丙醇的合成及分析

以4-苯氧基苯酚，环氧丙烷为原料合成1-（4-苯氧基苯氧基）-2-丙醇，考察了物料比、反应时间、反应温度等因素对其收率的影响，得到最佳工艺条件。规（4一苯氧基苯酚）：规（环氧丙烷）：规（氢氧化钾）=1：3．0：0．3，反应温度40℃，反应时间3．5h，1-（4-苯氧基苯氧基）-2-丙醇收率最高达93．7％。以液相色谱法，采用LiChrospher100 RP～18柱、甲醇＋水为流动相、紫外检测器、外标法对1-（4-苯氧基苯氧基）-2-丙醇进行了高效液相色谱分析研究。方法标准偏差0．20％，变异系数0．23％，回收率在99．57％～100．52％之间。     

3—苯氧基苯甲醛的合成工艺

以３－苯氧基甲苯为原料，在紫外光照射下进行侧链氯化转化为３－苯氧基－α，α－二氯甲基苯，经硫酸－醋酸水解得高纯度的３－苯氧基苯甲醛，总收率８０％￣８５％。     

消旋dl-薄荷醇的拆分(Ⅰ)

薄荷醇是医药卫生工业、食品工业及日用品工业中广泛应用的原料。随着我国工业的迅速发展,过去,从天然薄荷草中提取薄荷醇的方法,已经远远不能满足需要了。我国一些香料厂正在利用国内丰富的天然资源——精油为原料合成薄荷醇。从天然薄荷草中提取分离的薄荷醇都是左旋ι-的,左旋ι-薄荷醇不但具有使人愉快、清凉的香气,还具有兴奋、杀菌和止痛的作用。医药上和食品所需要的薄荷醇都是左旋ι-的。但是无论从松节油中的α- 蒎烯出发或从香茅油中的香草醛出发合成的薄荷醇都是消旋dι-的。因此,从消旋dι-薄荷醇拆分左旋ι-薄荷醇就成为重要的课题。世界上一些国家对消旋薄荷醇的拆分进行了大量的工作,他们的拆分方法大致可分为两种:一种是利用有旋光性的化学拆分剂与消旋dι-薄荷醇的酸酯生成非对映体进行拆分;另一种是生物化学方法。有旋光性的化学拆分剂如辛可宁(Cinchonine),二甲马钱子碱(Brucine),ι-麻黄素(ι-Ephedrine)     

为什么咀嚼薄荷味的东西会产生凉的感觉，尤其是在吸进冷气时？

正A:薄荷味是我们熟悉"味道",例如糖果、饮料、洗护用品、香水、清凉油、风油精等,都具有清凉的薄荷味。薄荷味通常源自薄荷醇,薄荷醇是一种单萜类化合物。薄荷醇在历史上主要取自于薄荷。人们将薄荷的鲜茎叶经蒸馏后,得到薄荷油,薄荷醇就是薄荷油的主要成分。     

分散蓝E—2BLN合成工艺研究

分散蓝Ｅ－２ＢＬＮ为性能优良的分散染料，本文主要介绍对传统的二苯氧基化方法生产工艺中间的苯氧基化，硝化，溴化反应的改革方法和原理。     

浅谈a-氰基丙烯酸乙酯单体聚合能力对物证检验技术的影响

实验室物证检验技术在司法实践中占有愈来愈重的地位，现阶段实验室物证检验技术的检验内容大部分集中于现场手印的显现。α-氰基丙烯酸乙醇单体很容易在水或弱碱的引发下进行阴离子聚合（即单体聚合），在遇到检材表面有汗潜手印裹迹的部位，就会引发α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯单体聚合，形成固体状的聚合物，从而显出手印为认定犯罪嫌疑人提供最为直接证据，但检验条件往往受制于α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯单体聚合能力发挥的好坏，所以分析，解决α-氢基丙烯酸乙酯单体聚合原理、能力是当前研究的重要课题。     

间苯氧基苯甲醛的新合成方法（1）：间苯氧基苯甲酸的催化合成

介绍了间苯氧基甲苯常压液相催化氧化制间苯氧基苯甲酸的合成方法。钴催化剂和溶剂循环使用１０次以上，产品平均收率达９０％以上。     

间苯氧基苯甲醛的新合成方法（I）──间苯氧基苯甲酸的催化合成

介绍了间苯氧基甲苯常压液相催化氧化制间苯氧基苯甲酸的合成方法．钻催化剂和溶剂循环使用１０次以上，产品平均收率达９０％以上．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with