生物杀虫剂(Bt)中试产品毒力效价的研究

Ｂｔ生物细菌杀虫剂是国家“八五”科技攻关研究成果，该产品对人无毒、无害，而且不污染环境，经连续两年的中试生产试验，结果表明，该杀虫剂对马属松毛虫２～３龄幼虫的毒力效价高于农业、林业现行的苏云金芽孢杆菌制剂标准，同时还证明生产菌析的工艺先进和成熟，可用于Ｂｔ工业生产技术和产品的更新换代。     

不同球孢白僵菌菌株对马尾松毛虫致病性评价

选择9个球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana菌株对4龄马尾松毛虫Dendrolimus punctatus幼虫进行毒力测定.结果显示,菌株Bb1900对马尾松毛虫幼虫的校正死亡率达96.16％,侵染率达86.67％,在孢子浓度为1×107孢子/mL时的半致死中时仅为4.62 d,显示出对目标害虫的较强毒力,在马尾松毛虫的生物防治中将有重要的应用价值.     

油茶毒蛾高毒力白僵菌菌株的筛选

通过比较4株白僵菌菌株的产孢量及其对油茶毒蛾的致病力,结果发现白僵菌菌株Bf08,B01,产孢量分别为（5．1±0．4）×10^8,（3．4±0．4）×10^8孢子／cm^2,接种油茶毒蛾后其巩。分别为5．64,6．62d,说明对这两个菌株油茶毒蛾的毒力很强,是可用于油茶毒蛾防治的优良白僵菌菌株。     

马尾松毛虫和荔蝽体内多酚氧化酶的初步研究

为了寻找不污染环境的“生物合理途径”新型杀虫剂，研究了马尾松毛虫和荔蝽体内的多酚氧化酶。发现马尾松毛虫幼虫的多酚氧化酶活力与虫龄大小成正相关。多来宝（ｅｔｏｆｅｎｐｒｏｘ）处理１００ｍｉｎ后，５龄幼虫的多酚氧化酶为正常虫体的３．６倍。荔蝽３龄若虫经乙醇处理１０ｍｉｎ后，多酚氧化酶活力为正常虫体的２．７倍；荔蝽３龄若虫经菟丝子（Ｃｕｓｃｕｔａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）和夹竹桃（Ｎｅｒｉｕｍｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ）的混合醇提液处理６０ｍｉｎ，多酚氧化酶活力为正常虫体的２．４倍、经乙醇单独处理荔蝽３龄若虫后多酚氧化酶活力为正常虫体的２．７倍。     

混合金属离子溶液中形成复合氢氧化物的研究

采用电位滴定法对Ⅲ－Ⅱ价混合金属离子（Ａｌ＾３＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾３＋）水溶液加碱形成复合氢氧化物进行了研究,结果发现,所的Ｍ＾３＋￣Ｍ＾２＋混合体系均能形成复合氢氧化物,并且复合氢氧化物沉淀时的ＰＨ值低于单一金属离子析出Ｍ（ＯＨ）２深沉时的ＰＨ值,这种ＰＨ值差别越大,越易形成复合氢氧化物,即形成复合的顺序是：Ｎｉ＾２〉Ｚｎ＾２＋〉Ｃｕ＾２＋值,这种ＰＨ值差别越大,越易形     

黄粉Jia幼虫防卫机制的研究

对黄粉Ｊｉａ末龄幼虫血淋巴的防卫机制做了报道，结果表明：（１）对末龄幼虫分别进行针刺体壁、注射大肠杆菌、苏云金杆菌及无菌生理盐水，结果均能引起血细胞总数（ＴＨＣ）规律性的变动，其变动曲线是一致的，即处理后１５ｍｉｎ ＴＨＣ急剧下降，在随后的１０ｈ内ＴＨＣ出现３个高峰期，但不同的处理ＴＨＣ的变动幅度不同；（２）对幼虫分别注射大肠杆菌及苏云金杆菌后，虫体内细菌的残留量逐渐减少，ＴＨＣ高峰期出现之后，伴     

对烟草粉螟高毒力Bt菌的伴孢晶体研究

采用液体双向分离法提纯对烟草粉螟高毒力苏云金杆菌B t33,B t53,B tHB伴孢晶体,其纯度分别达99.93%,99.9%,99.8%.扫描电镜和透射电镜观察发现,不同菌株的晶体形状和数量组成各不相同.SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析(SDS-PAFE)发现3个菌株的电泳图谱不同,烟草粉螟二龄幼虫室内生物毒力测定,9天后B t33,B t53菌株100,300倍防治效果超过80%,B tHB菌株100,300,600倍对烟草粉螟二龄幼虫防治效果超过80%.     

白僵菌不同菌株对美国白蛾幼虫的致病力及田间应用研究

为了研究白僵菌不同菌株对美国白蛾的生物防治效果,选用11株不同寄主来源的球孢白僵菌菌株,研究其在室内对美国白蛾1龄幼虫的致病力,筛选出高效致病菌株后,进一步测定其毒力,并且在田间条件下测定高效致病菌株对美国白蛾幼虫的防治效果.结果表明,4个白僵菌菌株Bb10331、Bb7725、Bb7716和Bb87303对美国白蛾有较强的毒力,120 h后的校正死亡率均超过90%,其中Bb7725的防治效果最好.4个菌株孢子的致死中浓度(LC50)为3.28×106~6.42×106m L-1,半数致死时间(LT50)为71.13~94.39 h.田间实验结果表明,孢子浓度为1×108 m L-1的白僵菌在施药7 d后防除效果较好,为74.40%~87.29%.     

掺杂金属离子对α－FeOOH的形态调节作用

采用ＴＥＭ、ＨＲＥＭ、ＤＴＡ和ＸＲＤ等表征方法，研究了掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｃｒ￣（３＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）四种金属阳离子对α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子形态的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）和Ｃｒ￣（３＋）可明显提高α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子的轴比，而掺杂Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）则不能；Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）亦可抑制ａ－ＦｅＯＯＨ枝叉的形成。研究发现，杂质离子改变了铁黄表面和本体结构，且提高铁黄粒子轴比的作用源于其抑制α－ＦｅＯＯＨ短轴方向（１２０）晶面的生长速率。     

柞栎象布氏白僵菌优良菌株筛选

探索环境友好的柞栎象长效控制技术,筛选防治柞栎象效果较好的优良菌株,为柞栎象的生物防治和高效制剂研制奠定基础.对16株来源于自然侵染柞栎象幼虫、其他昆虫和利用柞栎象幼虫人工诱集的白僵菌菌株进行形态鉴定和生物学、毒力测定;综合评价菌株生长速率、产孢量、孢子萌发率和毒力4个因子的特征值,采用独立淘汰法和综合秩次选择法联合筛选.结果表明:16株白僵菌均为布氏白僵菌,筛选出Bbbh1、Bbbh9、Bbbh13和Bbbh16共4株优良菌株.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with