化学强化曝气生物滤池工艺的水处理效能

通过静态试验对比6种混凝剂对污水的处理效果,优选出聚合氯化铝(PAC)作为沙营污水厂的最优混凝剂,并考察前置投加PAC之后,沙营污水厂曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺的处理效能。结果表明:化学强化后系统出水COD的质量浓度约为30 mg/L,去除率可达85%以上;出水氨氮的质量浓度在0.81~3.79 mg/L之间,去除率达到95%左右;出水的TP质量浓度平均值为0.79 mg/L,去除率达到75%左右。通过实验确定出:PAC的投加量X与投加前后TP质量浓度的关系为X=144.10-147.17ρ后/ρ前。     

安塞油田酸化返排液的H_2O_2氧化—中和—絮凝回注处理研究

针对安塞油田酸化返排液具有pH低、Fe2+含量高的特点,以H2O2为氧化剂,聚合氯化铝(PAC)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为絮凝剂,采用化学氧化除铁—中和—絮凝的处理工艺对其进行处理,使处理后废水的各项水质指标能达到油田回注水的水质标准,并确定了各药剂的适宜投加量.结果表明:在H2O2、PAC和PAM投加量分别为0.2%体积分数、40 mg/L和3.0 mg/L的条件下,处理后酸化废水中悬浮固体(SS)由300～500 mg/L降低至10 mg/L,油含量由450.55 mg/L降至13.78 mg/L,总铁质量浓度和平均腐蚀速率均达到安塞油田回注水的水质要求.     

污水深度处理投加聚合氯化铝对微生物活性的影响

分析江苏某城市污水处理厂聚合氯化铝(PAC)的投加对污水中铝离子以及微生物活性的影响。结果表明:低浓度的铝离子会增强微生物的活性,但浓度过高会对微生物产生抑制作用,当铝离子质量浓度为7.5mg/L时,对微生物的活性没有影响;当铝离子的质量浓度达到10mg/L时,对微生物活性会产生抑制作用;以微絮凝-砂滤工艺作为城市污水处理厂的深度处理工艺时,投加的聚合氯化铝质量浓度不宜超过12.5mg/L,当质量浓度达到15mg/L时,铝离子会对好氧池的微生物活性产生明显的抑制作用。     

重金属污染对花生和大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

为了探究油料作物花生(Arachis hypogaea)和大豆(Glycine max)在重金属铅(Pb~(2+))、镉(Cd~(2+))、铜(Cu~(2+))和铬(Cr~(6+))污染耕地综合利用上的可能性,采用水培试验研究了不同浓度重金属Pb~(2+)(0、5、10、20、50 mg·L~(-1)和80 mg·L~(-1))、Cd~(2+)(0、0.5、1、5、10 mg·L~(-1)和20 mg·L~(-1))、Cr~(6+)(0、3、5、8、12 mg·L~(-1)和14 mg·L~(-1))和Cu~(2+)(0、50、100、150、300 mg·L~(-1)和600 mg·L~(-1))对花生和大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:在试验浓度范围内,大豆种子的萌发率显著高于花生种子(P0.05),当Cd~(2+)≤10 mg·L~(-1)、Cu~(2+)为150 mg·L~(-1)或Cr~(6+)为14 mg·L~(-1)时,大豆的根长和芽长抑制率均显著高于花生(P0.05),说明这几类重金属污染土壤更适合种植花生.而在试验浓度范围内,当Pb~(2+)≥50 mg·L~(-1)、Cu~(2+)为600 mg·L~(-1)或Cr~(6+)为5 mg·L~(-1)时,花生的根长和芽长抑制率均显著高于大豆(P0.05),说明这几类重金属污染土壤更适合种植大豆.     

复合絮凝剂(PAC+PAM+磁粉)处理热轧废水的试验研究

将磁粉与聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)联用组成复合絮凝剂来处理热轧废水。在改变絮凝剂各组分投加量的条件下进行絮凝试验,分析热轧废水的浊度和含油量变化,研究复合絮凝剂的最优投加方案。试验结果表明,当磁粉、PAC和PAM的投加量分别为5mg/L、15mg/L和1.5mg/L时,热轧废水的净化效果最佳,其浊度由82.6NTU降为10.5NTU,含油量由15.62mg/L降为7.44mg/L。     

不同分子量壳聚糖配合PAC絮凝性能研究

为提高絮凝剂的絮凝性能,降低絮凝剂的应用成本,实验研究了两种不同分子量的壳聚糖(CTS)与聚合氯化铝(PAC)复配使用的絮凝性能,并对生活污水进行了处理.结果表明:聚合氯化铝与壳聚糖复合能相互促进其絮凝效能,当壳聚糖分子量为1.05×106,污水pH为6.5,静置30min,总投加量为1.0mg/L,复合絮凝剂组成为PAC : CTS1=0.3 : 0.7时,废水的透光率达到98.9%,优于单独使用PAC和CTS.复合絮凝剂(CTS/PAC)兼有无机和有机絮凝剂的优点,是一种使用范围较广的新型絮凝剂.     

城市生活污水生化絮凝处理工艺研究

实验结果表明,化学-生物絮凝组合工艺是一种经济、适用的处理工艺,COD,TP,SS等污染指标的去除率随着聚合氯化铝铁投加量的增加而增加,NH3-N和SCOD去除变化不大.采用化学-生物絮凝工艺处理城市生活污水,在碱性条件有利于污染物质的去除.     

超声辅助絮凝剂PAC/PAM处理印染废水的实验研究

以自制聚合氯化铝(PAC)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)两种絮凝剂进行复配,通过超声辅助处理印染废水。实验考察了复配絮凝剂和超声变频对印染废水处理的影响。结果表明:在pH为11～13时,先加入120 mg.L-1的PAC快速搅拌2 min;然后加入4.0 mg.L-1的PAM搅拌3 min,絮凝效果最佳。超声功率为150 W,频率100 Hz,作用时间30 min之内对絮凝效果有明显提升作用,此时的COD去除率可达82.5%,脱色率可达96.17%;而超声作用超过30 min,絮凝效果降低。     

溶解氧对多段式生物接触氧化法脱氮除磷的影响

以碳氮比(C/N)为2.7左右的实际生活污水为处理对象,通过调整系统曝气量,研究了溶解氧对多段式生物接触氧化法脱氮除磷系统运行性能的影响。结果表明,设定的5组溶解氧条件下,处理效果与前、后段溶解氧浓度差异有关。当前段溶解氧为3～4 mg·L~(-1),后段溶解氧为4～5 mg·L~(-1)时,化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)的去除率90%、81%,满足GB 18918—2002污水排放一级A标准,装置污泥量很少,没有剩余污泥排放总磷(total phosphorus,TP)去除效果稍差。通过对装置生物多样性和生物膜质量的分析,表明溶解氧浓度的差异性变化,为生物膜上微生物同步硝化反硝化创造了条件。     

化学混凝沉淀——吸附法处理含氟废水研究

研究了化学混凝沉淀--吸附法处理含氟废水的效果与影响因素.实验结果表明,单投CaCl2沉淀除氟其出水残氟浓度大于15 mg/L,而CaCl2分别与混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)、FeSO4、Al2(SO4)3联用时,CaCl2+PAC除氟效果比单投CaCl2有显著提高,出水残氟浓度为5.1 mg/L,去除率达95.75%.当CaCl2沉淀剂分别与上述三种混凝剂联用,然后再分别加入助凝剂PAM 2～3 mg/L,其处理效果比不加聚丙烯酸胺(PAM)时都分别有明显提高,出水残氟浓度都小于10 mg/L,但效果最好的为CaCl2+PAC+PAM组合,其出水残氟浓度仅为3.9 mg/L.另外,羟基磷灰石(HAP)的吸附容量、吸附速率、除氟效果都优于活性氧化铝,其除氟效率高达92.75%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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