Measurements and Terminology of Different Measure Methods

Body measuring is very important for garment sizing and pattern making. In this paper, we study the difference of the landmarks between the traditional method and 3D scanner and we also select the 19 circumference measurements, 29 height and length measurements, 18 breadth and depth measurements＇and 3 other measurements, which are quite important in fashion body measuring, to compare the terminology of them in these two measuring method. 3D scanners seem better than the traditional method on these aspects, which are the number of measurements, speed, privacy and data accuracy, but they are limited on measuring posture. And there is no uniform standard for the scanners and the definitions of the measurements in the scanners are diversified.     

3-D Design and Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Flow in the Laser Rapid Prototyping Coaxial Powder Delivery System

The metal powder direct and rapid prototyping technology is one of the most developing methods in the laser rapid prototyping technique. The coaxial powder delivery system is the key technique. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new type of coaxial powder delivery system and simulate the metal powder and shield gas flow in the powder nozzle. 2-D and 3-D model of the new coaxial powder delivery system are established. Then gas-solid two-phase flow model and the k-ε turbulent model are selected to simulate the flow of metal powder in powder nozzle. The Euler-Lagrange method is used in the simulating computation. The results show that the new coaxial powder delivery system has stable performance, uniform powder flux, high cooling efficiency, and long useful life.     

Method for signal decomposition and denoising based on nonuniform cosine-modulated filter banks

In this paper, a novel method for signal decomposition and denoising is proposed based on a nonuniform filter bank （NUFB）, which is derived from a uniform filter bank. With this method, the signal is firstly decomposed into M subbands using a uniform filter bank. Then according to their energy distribution, the corresponding consecutive filters are merged to compose the nonuniform filters. With the resulting NUFB, the signal can be readily matched and flexibly decomposed according to its power spectrum distribution. As another advantage, this method can be used to detect and remove the narrow-band noise from the corrupted signal. To verify the proposed method, a simulation of extracting the main information of an audio signal and removing its glitch is given.     

Estimation of the Direction of Arrival Using Virtual Matrix Method for HF Ground Wave Radar

According to the characteristic of the echo of highfrequency ground wave radar（HF GWR）, which is one-dimensional narrow band signal, a virtual direction of arrival（DOA） matrix is constructed at first, then the DOA of target evaluation is achieved by the method of resolving equations for two-dimensional DOA matrix. And this method bases on the redundancy information of a linear two-row array of antennae. Both the simulation process and the treatment results of measured data （in the case of low SNR echoes and short data series） are given at the end of this paper. By comparing with GPS data of the targets, the validity and practical applicability of the method in this paper is verified.     

Trip Generation Model Based on Destination Attractiveness

Traditional trip generation forecasting methods use unified average trip generation rates to determine trip generation volumes in various traffic zones without considering the individual characteristics of each traffic zone. Therefore, the results can have significant errors. To reduce the forecasting error produced by uniform trip generation rates for different traffic zones, the behavior of each traveler was studied instead of the characteristics of the traffic zone. This paper gives a method for calculating the trip efficiency and the effect of traffic zones combined with a destination selection model based on disaggregate theory for trip generation. Beijing data is used with the trip generation method to predict trip volumes. The results show that the disaggregate model in this paper is more accurate than the traditional method. An analysis of the factors influencing traveler behavior and destination selection shows that the attractiveness of the traffic zone strongly affects the trip generation volume.     

A Coupling Model of the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis Method and the Finite Element Method

Neither the finite element method nor the discontinuous deformation analysis method can solve problems very well in rock mechanics and engineering due to their extreme complexities. A coupling method combining both of them should have wider applicability. Such a model coupling the discontinuous deformation analysis method and the finite element method is proposed in this paper. In the model, so-called line blocks are introduced to deal with the interaction via the common interfacial boundary of the discontinuous deformation analysis domain with the finite element domain. The interfacial conditions during the incremental iteration process are satisfied by means of the line blocks. The requirement of gradual small displacements in each incremental step of this coupling method is met through a displacement control procedure. The model is simple in concept and is easy in numerical implementation. A numerical example is given. The displacement obtained by the coupling method agrees well with those obtained by the finite element method, which shows the rationality of this model and the validity of the implementation scheme.     

Estimation of Mutual Coupling Coefficient of the Array by Simulated Annealing Algorithm

We propose a method for estimating the mutual coupling coefficient among antennas in this paper which is based on the principle of signal subspace and the simulated annealing （SA） algorithm. The computer simulation has been conducted to illustrate the＇ excellent performance of this method and to demonstrate that it is statistically efficient. The benefit of this new method is that calibration signals and unknown signals can be received simultaneously, during the course of calibration.     

Stability and Accuracy Analysis for Taylor Series Numerical Method

The Taylor series numerical method (TSNM) is a time integration method for solving problems in structural dynamics. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the stability behavior and accuracy characteristics of this method is given. It is proven by a spectral decomposition method that TSNM is conditionally stable and belongs to the category of explicit time integration methods. By a similar analysis, the characteristic indicators of time integration methods, the percentage period elongation and the amplitude decay of TSNM, are derived in a closed form. The analysis plays an important role in implementing a procedure for automatic searching and finding convergence radii of TSNM. Finally, a linear single degree of freedom undamped system is analyzed to test the properties of the method.     

Regional adaptive delaminating algorithm for rapid prototyping

With the development of rapid prototyping (RP) technology, the contradiction between fabricating speed and precision becomes more and more acute. In order to solve the contradiction, a regional effective adaptive delaminating algorithm is proposed in this paper. It is different from the traditional method that the regional adaptive delaminating method divides slicing contours into several regions and adaptively delaminates in respective region only according to the contours information. Namely, this method can not only adaptively delaminate at different height of CAD model but also adaptively delaminate different regions in one slicing layer. Furthermore, because the two-dimensional contour data adopted in this method are necessary for rapid prototyping system, this regional effective adaptive delaminating method is suitable for all RP systems. A comparative study is used to analyze the effectiveness of this method, which can demonstrate that this method can increase the fabricating speed and reduce the running cost under the condition of ensuring fabricating precision.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~