AZ61镁合金热压缩流变应力的实验

采用Gleeble-1500型热模拟机,对AZ61镁合金进行高温压缩实验,分析该合金在不同变形温度与应变速率条件下的压缩流变应力.研究AZ61镁合金在热变形时,流变应力与变形温度、应变速率之间的关系,并建立相应的流变应力模型.结果表明,AZ61镁合金在高温压缩变形时,当变形温度一定时,流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大;而当应变速率一定时,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低.AZ61镁合金的热变形过程均表现出较明显的动态再结晶特征,其流变应力的变化规律主要受加工硬化和再结晶软化两者机制的共同作用.在热变形下,AZ61镁合金峰值流变应力可以用双曲正弦模型来进行较好的描述.     

6063铝合金高温流变本构方程

采用圆柱试样在G1eeb1e—1500热模拟机上进行高温等温压缩实验，研究了6063铝合金在高温塑性变形过程中流变应力的变化规律．结果表明：应变速率和变形温度的变化强烈地影响6063铝合金流变应力，流变应力随变形温度升高而降低，随应变速率提高而增大，在高应变速率下出现明显的动态软化．     

新型Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金热压缩流变应力研究

在Gleeble 1500热模拟机上对一种新型Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金热压缩流变应力行为进行了研究,应变速率为 0.005~5 s-1、变形温度为350~550 ℃.结果表明:在较小应变(<0.15)出现一峰值后流变应力随应变的增加有所降低,表现出较明显的动态软化;在实验范围内,流变应力值随着应变速率减少和变形温度升高而降低,可用Zener-Hollomon参数的幂指数关系描述合金的流变应力行为,其变形激活能Q为236 kJ/mol.图5,参11.     

SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料的高温变形行为

在Gleeble-3500热模拟机上对SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料在应变速率为0.001~1 s-1、变形温度为300~450℃条件下的流变行为进行了研究.结果表明:在实验范围内,SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料热压缩变形时均存在较明显的稳态流变特征;真应力随温度升高而降低,随应变速率的增加而升高;金相组织观察表明,动态再结晶是SiCp/7A04复合材料软化的一个重要机制,变形温度越高,动态再结晶越充分;应变速率越大,再结晶晶粒就越小.可以用包含Arrhenius项的Z参数描述SiCp/7A04复合材料高温变形时的流变行为,其中变形激活能Q=159.87 kJ/mol.     

BFe10-1-1铜合金的热压缩本构方程

采用圆柱试样在Gleeble-3500数控热力模拟试验机上对BFe10-1-1铜合金进行等温压缩变形试验,研究了此合金在温度850℃、900℃和950℃以及应变速率0.01s-1、0.1s-1、1s-1和10s-1等不同变形条件下的热力学行为.结果表明:高温变形条件下,变形温度、变形速率以及变形程度对该合金的流变应力的影响显著.流变应力随变形温度的升高而变小,随变形速率的增大而变大,且当变形超过临界应变时,金属晶粒会发生明显的动态再结晶.并由此构建了该铜合金包含Arrhenius公式和Zener-Honllmon参数的流变应力本构方程.     

HAL62-3-3-0.7合金的高温本构方程

采用压缩试验法研究了HAL62-3-3-0.7合金的热变形规律.在不同的变形参数条件下,根据其真实σ-ε曲线拟合了可以反映HAL62-3-3-0.7合金流变应力与各变形参数之间关系的高温本构方程.研究结果表明HAL62-3-3-0.7合金热变形的流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;在变形过程中,应力很快达到峰值,而后出现软化过程,其真实σ-ε曲线趋于平稳,证明该合金在高变形速率的条件下动态再结晶过程十分明显.     

ZK60镁合金高温流变本构模型

在变形温度为523～673 K、应变速率为0.001～1 s-1的条件下,采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对ZK60镁合金的热压缩变形行为进行研究。通过引入应变对ZK60镁合金流变应力本构方程进行改进。研究结果表明:ZK60镁合金流变应力随着变形温度升高和应变速率降低而减小。其高温压缩流变应力曲线可描述为加工硬化、过渡、软化和稳态流变4个阶段,但在温度较高和应变速率较低时,过渡阶段不明显;采用改进后的本构方程预测的流变应力曲线与实验所得曲线较吻合。     

孪生对镁合金热压缩变形应力及流变硬化行为的影响

为增强镁合金的成型性能,采用热压缩、金相和X线衍射等方法,在温度为350-400℃,应变速率为10-2/s条件下,分析孪生对镁合金热压缩变形过程中流变应力及变形末期流变硬化行为的影响.研究结果表明:在变形过程中,AZ41和ZK60 2种合金的流变应力都随着热压缩温度升高而下降;由于初始织构不同,AZA1镁合金的变形模式主要是孪生,AZ41对应的流变应力峰值高于ZK60合金的流变应力峰值;在变形中期,AZA1合金中仍存在大量的孪晶,使其稳态流变应力始终高于ZK60合金稳态流变应力;在变形末期,孪生导致AZA1镁合金流变硬化行为;ZK60镁合金由于再结晶的软化作用,依然表现为稳态流变.     

一种新型Al-Cu-Li系合金的热压缩流变应力

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机高温等温压缩试验,研究了一种新型Al-Cu-Li系合金在应变速率为0.01～10s-1、变形温度为300～500℃条件下的流变应力特征.结果表明:流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随变形速率的提高而增大;采用Z参数的双曲正弦函数描述该合金高温变形的峰值流变应力,获得了峰值流变应力解析式,其热变形激活能为239.02kJ·mol-1.     

碳钢高温变形两相区流变应力行为预测

部分钢铁材料在两相区高温变形时,流变应力往往不随变形温度升高而降低,而是在两相区内出现流变应力的谷值。为了弄清主要化学成分对两相区内流变应力行为的影响,通过热模拟压缩试验研究不同成分钢铁材料在两相区附近的变形行为,分析变形后的金相组织以及两相区附近流变应力的变化,获得铁素体相变开始温度Ar3和两相区内流变应力的降幅。通过回归拟合得到C、Si和Mn等主要合金元素对铁素体相变开始温度Ar3以及流变应力降幅的影响关系。     

The mechanism of flow softening in subtransus hot working of two-phase titanium alloy with equiaxed structure

Understanding the mechanism of high temperature deformation is important for controlling the forming quality of the titanium alloy forgings. In the present work, the flow softening mechanism in subtransus deformation of titanium alloys with equiaxed structure was investigated by interrupted isothermal compression tests. The results show that limited strain hardening followed by continuous flow softening occurs in high temperature deformation of a twophase TA15 titanium alloy. The flow softening can not be rationalized by dynamic recrystallization. Instead, the increase of mobile dislocations during deformation is an important reason for flow softening. The grain boundaries （including the α-β interfaces） act as an important source for the generation of mobile dislocations. The continuous flow softening results from the significant deformation heterogeneity in subtransus working.     

Fe-6.5％Si钢中温变形过程本构方程

利用Gleeble 3500开展了Fe-6.5%Si(质量分数)钢在变形温度300,400,500,600℃及应变速率为0.05,0.5,5s^-1条件下的单道次压缩实验.在初始均匀塑性变形阶段,加工硬化作用使流动应力迅速增加,随着变形继续动态软化机制启动,流动应力增加量减弱.随着温度升高和应变速率降低,应变硬化指数减小.提出了通过变形温度、应变速率描述应变硬化指数的方法构建Fe-6.5%Si钢中温变形过程本构方程.构建的本构方程对不同变形条件的应力预测结果和实测值吻合良好,平均相对误差约为5.35%,预测精度较高.     

Hot deformation behavior of Super304H austenitic heat resistant steel

The hot compression tests of Super304H austenitic heat resistant steel were carried out at 800–1200℃ and 0.005–5 s-1 using a Gleeble 3500 thermal-mechanical simulator, and its deformation behavior was analyzed. The results show that the flow stress of Super304H steel decreases with the decrease of strain rate and the increase of deformation temperature; the hot deformation activation energy of the steel is 485 kJ/mol. The hot deformation equation and the relationship between the peak stress and the deformation temperature and strain rate is obtained. The softening caused by deformation heating cannot be neglected when both the deformation temperature and strain rate are higher.     

6005A与6082铝合金热变形流变行为

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对6005A和6082铝合金进行高温等温压缩试验,研究了在变形温度为450-550℃和应变速率为0．005-10s^-1条件下两种铝合金的热变形流变行为．6005A铝合金在低应变速率条件下,不同变形温度时的流变曲线均呈现波浪形特征,随着应变速率的增加,硬化和软化接近平衡,表现为稳态流变特征;在高应变速率条件下,硬化过程占据主导地位,回复和硬化过程的竞争使流变曲线呈现波浪形上升的趋势．6082铝合金在低应变速率情况下,不同变形温度时的流变曲线未出现周期性波动;在中等应变速率条件下也表现为稳态流变特征;在高应变速率条件下出现波浪形特征．两种铝合金均为正应变速率敏感材料,其热变形是受热激活控制．最后给出了铝合金热变形条件下流变应力、应变速率和变形温度三者之间的关系式．     

Static Recrystallization Behavior of SCM435 Steel

The static recrystallization behaviors in SCM435 steel were investigated by two-pass hot compression tests on MMS-200 thermosimulation machine. Effects of deformation temperature, strain rate,deformation degree and the initial austenite grain size on static softening were analyzed. The stress compensation method was used to calculate the static recrystallization. The kinetics model of the static recrystallization of SCM435 steel was established and the obtained activation energy for static recrystallization was 182. 8 kJ /mol. Results showed that within a certain time interval( 1-100 s),the static recrystallization fraction X of SCM435 steel increased as the deformation temperature,the deformation rate and the amount of deformation increased,and it decreased as the initial grain size increased and increased as the time interval increased.     

High-temperature mechanical properties and deformation behavior of high Nb containing TiAl alloys fabricated by spark plasma sintering

A high Nb containing TiAl alloy was prepared from the pre-alloyed powder of Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2B-0.2W-0.02Y (at%) by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Its high-temperature mechanical properties and compressive deformation behavior were investigated in a temperature range of 700 to 1050℃ and a strain rate range of 0.002 to 0.2 s-1. The results show that the high-temperature mechanical properties of the high Nb containing TiAl alloy are sensitive to deformation temperature and strain rate, and the sensitivity to strain rate tends to rise with the deformation temperature increasing. The hot workability of the alloy is good at temperatures higher than 900℃, while fracture occurs at lower temperatures. The flow curves of the samples compressed at or above 900℃ exhibit obvious flow softening after the peak stress. Under the deformation condition of 900-1050℃ and 0.002-0.2 s-1, the interrelations of peak flow stress, strain rate, and deformation temperature follow the Arrhenius' equation modified by a hyperbolic sine function with a stress exponent of 5.99 and an apparent activation energy of 441.2 kJ·mol-1.     

Deformation behavior and microstructure of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy during hot deformation

The hot deformation behavior and microstructures of Al-7055 commercial alloy were investigated by axisymmetric hot compression at temperatures ranging from 300℃ to 450℃ and strain rates from 10-2 to 10 s-1, respectively. Microstructures of deformed 7055 alloy were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The dependence of peak stress on deformation temperature and strain rate can be expressed by the hyperbolic-sine type equation. The hot deformation activation energy of the alloy is 146 kJ/mol. Moreover, the flow stress curves predicted by the modified constitutive equations are reasonably consistent with the experimental results, which confirms that the proposed deformation constitutive equations can provide evidence for the selection of hot forming parameters. TEM results indicate that dynamic recovery is the main softening mechanism during hot deformation.     

20CrMnTiH本构模型的建立及验证

以高温压缩实验为基础,分析了变形温度1 123~1 423 K、应变速率0.01~10 s-1条件下20CrMnTiH的流动应力行为,并引入Zener-Hollomon参数,根据蠕变理论回归确定变形激活能、硬化指数、材料相关常数,构建了材料的本构模型.以Z参数作为本构模型准确性的衡量标准,根据Arrhenius指数方程建立了峰值应力、峰值应变关于Z参数的表达式并求出估算值,代入基于应变软化的应力应变方程,采用整个应变区间上的非线性拟合求解待定参数.方程计算值与实验数据具有良好一致性,平均误差为6.84%,证明Z参数的精度较好,从而间接验证了该模型的准确性.
     

低碳钢热塑性成形过程本构模型

根据高温流动应力行为的主导软化机制不同,建立了低碳钢热塑性成形过程的动态回复和动态再结晶两阶段本构模型.采用单一内变量的位错密度演化模型描述加工硬化和动态回复对流动应力的影响;应用Avrami方程表达动态再结晶软化作用对流动应力的影响.采用Gleeble1500热模拟实验机对低碳钢进行热压缩实验,依据实验流动应力曲线确定本构模型中的参数,并分析了模型参数随变形条件的变化规律.应用建立的本构模型计算实验条件下的流变曲线,结果计算值与实验值吻合良好,表明所建立的本构模型可以用于低碳钢热压缩成形过程的数值模拟.