以焦粉为碳源所制荧光碳量子点的表征及性能分析

以焦粉为碳源,混合酸(浓H_2SO_4和浓HNO_3)为氧化剂,采用水热法制备荧光碳量子点。利用UVVis、FTIR、TEM、XRD等对其进行表征,并分析碳量子点的合成条件对碳量子点的结构和性能的影响。结果表明,合成条件对碳量子点性能的影响由主到次的顺序为:混合酸体积反应温度pH值反应时间;合成该碳量子点的最佳条件为:反应温度为95℃、混合酸体积为12mL、反应时间为9h及pH值为9,所制荧光纳米碳量子点的粒径较小且分布均匀,具有良好的水溶性。     

ZnO量子点的制备及其条件优化

利用溶胶-凝胶法在乙醇溶液中制备出ZnO量子点。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和荧光光谱对合成量子点的合成条件(反应温度、反应时间、摩尔比)进行了优化。结果表明,在反应温度为40℃、反应时间为1 h、Zn Ac2与Li OH的物质的质量比为1∶2时,得到的ZnO量子点的发光性能最佳,此时能产生明亮的黄绿色荧光。     

含钛电炉熔分渣制备4A分子筛及其吸附性能

以含钛电炉熔分渣提钛后的水浸液为原料,采用常压回流法和水热法分别合成了4A分子筛.在控制硅铝比(n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)摩尔比)为2的条件下,系统探讨了水钠比(n(H2O)/n(Na2O)摩尔比)、反应时间和温度对合成4A分子筛物相和微观形貌的影响.当控制水钠比为80且反应时间为8 h时,采用常压回流法可以制备出尺寸均一且结晶完全的4A分子筛;而采用水热法在120℃条件下,3 h即可制备得到形状规则的4A分子筛.另外,探讨了水热法不同反应温度条件下制备的分子筛对硫酸铜溶液吸附性能的影响.结果表明:反应温度为120℃条件下合成的4A分子筛对铜离子的吸附效率最高,在150 min时其吸附率可达70%.     

水溶性碳量子点的制备及荧光性能

以可再生的葡萄糖晶体为原料,采用一步水热法制备了粒径均一、溶剂分散性较好、具有激发依赖和上转换性能的水溶性荧光碳量子点(Water-soluble Carbon Dots,W-CDs)。考察了葡萄糖溶液的浓度和反应时间对W-CDs荧光性能的影响,借助高分辨透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析优选出合成W-CDs的参数,并研究了其荧光性能。结果表明:当葡萄糖溶液浓度为25mmol/L,水热反应时间8h,反应温度为180℃时,制备了发蓝绿色光的W-CDs,粒径为5nm左右,荧光量子产率为1.13%,且具有上转换荧光现象和pH响应性。     

生物功能化碳量子点制备

为了实现碳量子点在细胞荧光成像方面的应用,采用共价修饰的方法对碳量子点进行生物功能化.采用水热法,以柠檬酸为碳源,乙二胺为钝化剂合成了蓝色荧光碳量子点.为了进一步实现碳量子点的共价偶联,对碳量子点进行羧基化处理,然后通过两步功能分子修饰完成生物功能化碳量子点的制备.采用透射电子显微镜、荧光和紫外分光光度计、红外光谱仪、电位粒度分析仪及荧光共聚焦显微镜研究了生物功能化碳量子点的性质和功能.实验结果表明:聚乙二醇(PEG)和核定位肽TAT通过酰胺化反应成功修饰至碳量子点上,叶酸(FA)通过酯化反应成功修饰至PEG末端,两步共价修饰完成了生物功能化碳量子点的制备.该生物功能化碳量子点具有电中性、小尺寸、低毒性和细胞核靶向的功能,适用于细胞荧光成像分析.     

碳纳米点的合成与表征及影响因素分析

为研究不同合成方法对碳纳米点特征的影响。以柠檬酸三钠和尿素为原料,采用水热法制备了一种性能良好的碳纳米点,表征结果表明所合成的碳纳米点的粒径范围为1.6～3.6 nm,分散度较好,表面含有羟基、氨基、羰基、羧基等官能团,其水溶液在紫外光照射下发出蓝色荧光,可用于金属离子的还原及检测等领域。进而分析合成方法对碳纳米点特征的影响,结果表明,原料相同时,自下而上法制备碳纳米点的合成机制近似相同,然而微波法合成的碳纳米点粒径较大,反应时间和温度不易控制。     

新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点的制备及其性能

通过水热反应法,以苹果酸、乙二胺(N源体)和L-半胱氨酸(S源体)为碳源,制备了N和S共掺杂的荧光碳量子点,对该碳量子点的形貌、结构、组成和光学性能进行了试验,试验选择150℃作为反应体系温度,pH值调整为8.0,反应时间为24 h.研究结果表明:制备的新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点粒径分布均匀,水溶性好;通过X射线电子能谱,发现新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点主要由C,N,O和S构成,N和S分别以氨基和磺酸基团的形式存在于碳量子点的表面;新型N,S-CDots的荧光量子产率达到了23.84%,表明其具有较好的荧光性能.     

固相法合成甘氨酸亚铁络合物及其表征

以甘氨酸和硫酸亚铁铵为原料,采用固相研磨法和固相熔融法合成了甘氨酸亚铁络合物.固相研磨法合成的最佳条件为n甘氨酸∶n硫酸亚铁铵=2∶1(摩尔比),反应温度25℃,反应时间10 min,产率达94.8%.固相熔融法合成的最佳条件为n甘氨酸∶n硫酸亚铁铵=2∶1(摩尔比),反应温度75℃左右,反应时间2 min,产率达97.8%.用元素分析、IR、UV、差热-热重分析等手段对两种方法合成的络合物的结构和成分进行表征,确定其化学式为(NH2CH2COO)2Fe.2H2O.     

一步合成水溶性碳量子点及其荧光性能研究

以麦芽糖为碳源,运用一步微波法制备了具有激发依赖的水溶性荧光碳量子点(CQDs)。考察了麦芽糖的浓度、反应时间、反应微波功率以及钝化剂的浓度对CQDs荧光性能的影响。借助高分辨透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析来表征CQDs的表面结构及光谱特性。并探究了p H、氧化还原剂、表面活性剂、金属离子对其荧光强度的影响。实验结果表明:CQDs在水溶液中粒径均一,分散性良好,具备优良的荧光特性和光稳定特性。在弱酸弱碱性环境下具有良好的荧光性能,表面活性剂对其荧光性能影响不大,而一些氧化还原剂、金属离子对其荧光有不同程度的增敏和猝灭作用。     

阳离子型水性聚氨酯的研制

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)为主要原料,用自乳化法合成了阳离子型水性聚氨酯;探讨了合成反应工艺条件.研究表明,较佳的合成工艺条件为:制备预聚物时n(NCO)/n(OH)比值为3:1;以N—甲基二乙醇胺为扩链剂,采用“饥饿加料”方式,其用量为预聚物质量分数的5.0%~6.0%;预聚物合成反应温度为60℃,反应时间3 h;扩链反应的反应温度40℃,反应时间5 h;中和度为80%~100%.在此工艺条件下,合成的阳离子型水性聚氨酯具有良好的稳定性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has