硅基介孔材料的合成机理及其应用

对近年来介孔材料的最新研究进展进行了综述.就介孔材料的主要合成机理,即液晶模板机理、棒状自组装模型、协同作用机理和电荷密度匹配机理等进行了简要介绍,对介孔材料在催化、环境、生物、光学、电磁学等领域的应用情况进行了总结,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

纳米TiO2介孔材料研究进展

纳米TiO2介孔材料特殊的结构及性能使其在光催化、太阳能电池等领域展现出广阔的应用前景.介绍了介孔材料的合成机理,综述了纳米TiO2介孔材料的各种合成方法,包括溶胶凝胶法、水热合成法、常压液相法等.最后介绍了在制备介孔TiO2过程中模板剂的脱除方法,同时就掺杂对纳米TiO2介孔材料性能的影响及其发展前景进行了讨论.     

改性硅基介孔材料去除废水中重金属研究进展

对硅基介孔材料的功能化改性进行了系统的分析调研.在概述硅基介孔材料基本性质和改性条件的基础上,总结了对其进行改性的三类主要方法及其改性原理,包括无机、有机、无机-有机复合改性.针对各类改性方法,详细综述了硅基介孔材料改性前后性质的变化特点,以及对重金属的吸附效果和吸附机理,并对改性硅基介孔材料吸附重金属的关键影响因素进行了探讨.     

新型介孔材料M41S的合成机理及影响产物结构的因素

综述了新型介孔材料M41S合成机理的研究进，硅酸盐物种以液晶或胶束作模板剂形成介孔结构，可用液晶模板机理解释；硅酸盐物种与表面活性剂离子在较低浓度下形成六方堆积的介孔结构，可用协同模板机理解释。水热反应混合物组成、表面活性剂与硅酸盐摩尔比和酸碱性等对介孔产物的结构有很大影响。另外，讨论了影响孔径和稳定性的因素。     

硅基介孔材料的合成及表征

本文重点介绍了硅基介孔材料的特性、合成机理、表征方法、改性和应用。通过分析表明,硅基介孔材料是一种新的具有巨大潜在应用前景材料。并指明了硅基介孔材料的发展方向。     

硅基介孔材料的合成及表征

本文重点介绍了硅基介孔材料的特性、合成机理、表征方法、改性和应用。通过分析表明，硅基介孔材料是一种新的具有巨大潜在应用前景材料。并指明了硅基介孔材料的发展方向。     

有序介孔材料的合成及其在环境科学中的应用

有序介孔材料具有高比表面积，孔道排列长程有序，孔径在2－50nm之间。该类材料是以表面活性剂作为模板，在一定条件下模板与无机组分相互作用通过超分子组装过程形成的。人们已经合成出具有不同组成，孔结构和性能的介孔材料，这类材料在光，电，磁催化和吸附分离等许多领域有潜在应用价值。本文对介孔材料的合成，合成机理以及在环境科学中的应用进行了综述。     

介孔材料的研究进展及其在分离科学中的应用

主要就目前介孔分子筛研究中的合成方法、机理过程、表征手段,以及化学改性方面的进展进行了综述,较为系统地介绍了介孔分子筛的发展现状,并就改性后特性及在分离科学领域应用前景进行了介绍,对认识和开展有序介孔材料的学习和研究具有一定的指导意义。     

利用廉价硅酸盐为硅源合成微米级球形介孔二氧化硅

利用廉价的硅酸盐为二氧化硅前驱体,以非离子和阳离子表面活性剂为混合模板剂合成微米级的介孔二氧化硅,控制非离子和阳离子表面活性剂的量可以得到分散性较好的介孔二氧化硅球,并用SEM,XRD以及N2吸附-脱附,对所得介孔二氧化硅材料的宏观形貌和微观结构进行了表征。讨论了2种表面活性剂的比例对介孔二氧化硅形貌的影响,并用混合模板机理解释了球形介孔材料形成的原因。     

介孔材料的研究进展

介孔材料作为纳米材料的一个重要发展,已成为国际科技界普遍关注的新的研究热点.综述了介孔材料的分类,合成方法和机理,并对其应用前景做了介绍和展望     

可挥发性有机化合物废气治理技术及其新进展

从经济学的一般均衡理论角度,分析了政府对食品安全进行监管的有效边界和稳定的均衡条件。需求和供给分析表明,食品安全监管的供给和需求存在一个合理的度,也就是说当食品安全监管供给边界曲线的斜率绝对值大于食品安全监管需求边界曲线的斜率绝对值时,食品安全监管便达到动态稳定均衡。     

磁性介孔碳复合材料的制备与应用研究进展

磁性介孔碳复合材料兼具介孔碳材料和磁性材料的双重优势,不仅具备较高的比表面积、均一的孔径分布和环境友好等特点,而且还具有良好的磁性分离特性.首先介绍了介孔碳和磁性纳米粒子常见的制备方法,在此基础上重点综述了磁性介孔碳复合材料的制备方法,并比较了各种方法的优缺点,对磁性介孔碳复合材料在生物医药、催化和污水处理等领域的最新应用进行了概述,并展望了其未来的发展趋势.同时,探讨了环境友好的绿色合成路线在磁性介孔碳复合材料方面的优势和挑战.     

Synthesis and characterization of chiral mesoporous silica

Chirality is widely expressed in organic materials, perhaps most notably in biological molecules such as DNA, and in proteins, owing to the homochirality of their components (d-sugars and l-amino acids). But the occurrence of large-scale chiral pores in inorganic materials is rare. Although some progress has been made in strategies to synthesize helical and chiral zeolite-like materials, the synthesis of enantiomerically pure mesoporous materials is a challenge that remains unsolved. Here we report the surfactant-templated synthesis of ordered chiral mesoporous silica, together with a general approach for the structural analysis of chiral mesoporous crystals by electron microscopy. The material that we have synthesized has a twisted hexagonal rod-like morphology, with diameter 130-180 nm and length 1-6 micro m. Transmission electron microscopy combined with computer simulations confirm the presence of hexagonally ordered chiral channels of 2.2 nm diameter winding around the central axis of the rods. Our findings could lead to new uses for mesoporous silica and other chiral pore materials in, for example, catalysis and separation media, where both shape selectivity and enantioselectivity can be applied to the manufacturing of enantiomerically pure chemicals and pharmaceuticals.     

Direct imaging of the pores and cages of three-dimensional mesoporous materials

Mesostructured composite materials, with features ranging from 20 to 500 A in size, are obtained by the kinetically controlled competitive assembly of organic and inorganic species into nanostructured domains. Short-range order is limited, and long-range order is determined by weak forces such as van der Waals or hydrogen-bonding. Three-dimensional mesoporous materials obtained by removing the organic phase are of particular interest for applications such as catalysis and chemical sensing or separation, for which structural features such as cavity shape, connectivity and ordered bimodal porosity are critical. But atomic-scale structural characterization by the usual diffraction techniques is challenging for these partially ordered materials because of the difficulty in obtaining large (> 10 microm) single crystals, and because large repeat spacings cause diffraction intensities to fall off rapidly with scattering angle so that only limited small-angle data are available. Here we present a general approach for the direct determination of three-dimensional mesoporous structures by electron microscopy. The structure solutions are obtained uniquely without pre-assumed models or parametrization. We report high-resolution details of cage and pore structures of periodically ordered mesoporous materials, which reveal a highly ordered dual micro- and mesoscale pore structure.     

无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用研究

无机介孔材料是一种孔直径在2,50nm的多孔材料。这种材料具有结构规则,机械性能高、化学和热能稳定性好等特点。近年来,随着材料合成技术的提高,不断有新型高负载能力和生物相容性好的介孔材料被开发出来。同时,实验表明,无机介孔材料是固载生物大分子的良好载体。利用无机介孔材料固载氧化还原蛋白质并结合其的直接电子转移,为我们提供了一种新的构建第三代生物传感器的方法。基于无机介孔材料的特点及氧化还原蛋白质的直接电子转移,所构建的第三代电化学生物传感器有望具有较传统电化学传感器更好的性能。将介孔材料分为二氧化硅基和非二氧化硅基2大类,描述了无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用。     

A mesoporous germanium oxide with crystalline pore walls and its chiral derivative

Microporous oxides are inorganic materials with wide applications in separations, ion exchange and catalysis. In such materials, an important determinant of pore size is the number of M (where M = Si, Ge and so on) atoms in the rings delineating the channels. The important faujasite structure exhibits 12-ring structures while those of zeolites, germanates and other materials can be much larger. Recent attention has focused on mesoporous materials with larger pores of nanometre scale; however, with the exception of an inorganic-organic hybrid, these have amorphous pore walls, limiting many applications. Chiral porous oxides are particularly desirable for enantioselective sorption and catalysis. However, they are very rare in microporous and mesoporous materials. Here we describe a mesoporous germanium oxide, SU-M, with gyroidal channels separated by crystalline walls that lie about the G (gyroid) minimal surface as in the mesoporous MCM-48 (ref. 9). It has the largest primitive cell and lowest framework density of any inorganic material and channels that are defined by 30-rings. One of the two gyroidal channel systems of SU-M can be filled with additional oxide, resulting in a mesoporous crystal (SU-MB) with chiral channels.     

Electronic connection to the interior of a mesoporous insulator with nanowires of crystalline RuO2

Highly porous materials such as mesoporous oxides are of technological interest for catalytic, sensing and remediation applications: the mesopores (of size 2-50 nm) permit ingress by molecules and guests that are physically excluded from microporous materials. Connecting the interior of porous materials with a nanoscale or 'molecular' wire would allow the direct electronic control (and monitoring) of chemical reactions and the creation of nanostructures for high-density electronic materials. The challenge is to create an electronic pathway (that is, a wire) within a mesoporous platform without greatly occluding its free volume and reactive surface area. Here we report the synthesis of an electronically conductive mesoporous composite--by the cryogenic decomposition of RuO4--on the nanoscale network of a partially densified silica aerogel. The composite consists of a three-dimensional web of interconnected (approximately 4-nm in diameter) crystallites of RuO2, supported conformally on the nanoscopic silica network. The resulting monolithic (RuO2//SiO2) composite retains the free volume of the aerogel and exhibits pure electronic conductivity. In addition to acting as a wired mesoporous platform, the RuO2-wired silica aerogel behaves as a porous catalytic electrode for the oxidation of chloride to molecular chlorine.