大鼠急性心肌梗塞后在不同部位移植胚胎干细胞疗效研究

目的探讨大鼠急性心肌梗塞（AMI）后在不同部位移植胚胎干细胞（ESC）的心肌组织形态学及血液动力学变化。方法Wistar大鼠40只随机分为正常对照组、梗塞未治疗组（梗塞组）、梗塞中心移植组（中心组）、梗塞周边移植组（周边组）共4组。结扎冠状动脉左前降支制成急性心肌梗塞模型,梗塞后1周移植体外分化并经标记的ESCs,移植后4周分别检测组织形态及血流动力学指标的改变。结果周边组移植细胞稳定存活,而中心组移植细胞未能存活。心功能及组织学检测表明中心组与梗塞组无显著差异（P〉0．05）;与梗塞组比较,周边组梗塞面积显著小于梗塞组（P〈0．01）,（21．0±1．3）％VS（40．7±2．2）％;左室重量小于梗塞组（P〈0．01）,（702．0±24．0）nagVS（882．2±32．6）mg;反应左室收缩功能的指标左室内压最大上升速率和左室内压均大于梗塞组（P〈0．01）,分别为（7．9±0．7）X103mmHg／sVS（5．9±0．5）×103mmHg／s和（117．5±10．7）mmHgVS（89．24-8．1）mmHg;而左室舒张末期压力均明显小于梗塞组（P〈0．01）,（8．5±0．3）mmHgV8（13．6±1．2）mmI-Ig。结论梗塞周边区移植ESCs可以阻止心室重构、减少瘢痕面积、改善心功能。     

人脐血间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠急性肝损伤

目的:探讨人脐血间充质干细胞对急性肝损伤大鼠模型的治疗作用.方法:体外培养人脐血间充质干细胞.60只SD大鼠随机分为3组,各20只:空白对照组、模型对照组、治疗+模型组.模型对照组大鼠采用体积分数50%四氯化碳橄榄油溶液腹腔注射造成急性肝损伤疾病模型,测定ALT/AST水平、肝脏切片HE染色评估造模效果.治疗+模型组大...     

Restoration of rat calvarial defects by poly（lactide-co-glycolide）/ hydroxyapatite scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells and DNA complexes

A composite construct comprising of a bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheet, plasmid DNA, encoding human bone morphogenic protein-2 (hBMP-2), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) sponge was designed and employed in the restoration of rat calvarial defects. To improve gene transfection efficiency, a cationic chitosan derivative, N,N,N,-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC), was employed as the vector. The TMC/DNA complexes had a transfection efficiency of 13% in rat BMSCs, resulting in heterogeneous hBMP-2 expression in a 10-d culture period in vitro. In vivo culture of the composite constructs was performed by implantation into rat full-thickness calvarial defects, using constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets as controls. Significantly higher heterogeneous expression of hBMP-2 was detected in vivo at 2 weeks for the cell sheet/DNA complex/scaffold constructs, compared with the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. New bone formation was evident as early as 4 weeks in the experimental constructs. At 8 weeks, partial bridging of calvarial defects was observed in the experimental constructs, which was significantly better than the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. Therefore, the combination of the PLGA/HA scaffold with BMSC sheets and gene therapy vectors is effective at enhancing bone formation.     

Neural stem cell transplantation in the repair of spinal cord injury

Neural stem cells are a pronising candidate for neural transplantation aimed at neural cell replacement and repair of the damaged host central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies using neural stem cells have shown that implanted neural stem cells can effectively incorporate into the damaged CNS and differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The recent explosion in the field of neural stem cell research has provided insight into the inductive factors influencing neural stem cell differentiation and may yield potential therapies for several neurological disorders, including spinal cord injury. In this review, we summarize recent studies involving neural stem cell biology in both rodents and humans. We also discuss unique advantages and possible mechanisms of using neural stem cell trans plantation in the repair of spinal cord injury.     

Differential gene expression profile in ischemic myocardium of Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction

To determine the differential genes in ischemic myocardium of Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, we constructed two differential gene expression profiles. AMI model was generated by Iigation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in Wistar rats. Total RNA was extracted from the normal and the ischemic heart tissues under the IigaUon point at the 8th day after the operation. Differential gene expression profiles of the two samples were constructed by using long serial analysis of gene expression （LongSAGE）. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Q-PCR） was used to confirm the expression changes of partial target genes. The main results were as follows： a total of 15966 tags were screened from the normal and the ischemic LongSAGE maps, and 9646 tags in the normal tissue and 9563 tags in the ischemic tissue were obtained. Among them, 7665 novel tags were identified by NCBI BLAST search. In the ischemic tissue, 142 genes significantly changed compared to those in the normal tissue （P〈0.05）. These differentially expressed genes may play important roles in the pathways of oxidation and phosphorylation, ATP synthesis and glycolysis and so on. Partial genes identified by the LongSAGE were confirmed by Q-PCR. The results show that AMI causes a series of gene expression changes in the regulation of the pathways related to energy metabolism.     

黄芪、丹参配伍提取物调控心肌梗死大鼠VEGF及其受体KDR的作用分析

目的：观察黄芪、丹参配伍提取物对心肌梗死大鼠VEGF及其受体KDR的调控作用,分析其对心肌梗死大鼠的保护机制。方法：SD雄性大鼠采用冠状动脉左前降支结扎法复制心肌梗死大鼠模型,随机分为模型组、黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中、低剂量组(40,20,10mg.kg_-1.d_-1),另设假手术组,各组均为8只。黄芪、丹参配伍提取物各组采用上述对应剂量灌胃给药,模型组和假手术组采用等量生理盐水灌胃,连续饲养28d后采用ELISA法、RT-PCR法和Western blot法检测分析VEGF及其受体KDR的表达变化。结果：黄芪、丹参配伍提取物各剂量组与模型组相比VEGF及其受体KDR随着剂量加大表达明显升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)。结论：黄芪、丹参配伍提取物可以有效上调VEGF及其受体KDR的表达,从而促进心肌梗死大鼠心肌组织中血管新生作用。     

不同运动强度对急性心肌梗死大鼠心功能的影响及循环miRNAs差异表达

研究不同运动强度对急性心肌梗死大鼠心功能的影响, 分析循环微小RNA(microRNAs, miRNAs)的差异表达与靶基因及基因功能. 制作急性心肌梗死大鼠模型40只,分为4组, 每组10只, 分别为假手术组、单纯心肌梗死组、中等强度持续运动(continuous moderate training, CMT)组和间歇高强度运动(high intensity interval training, HIT)组, CMT组和HIT组大鼠接受运动治疗8周, 用超声心动图评估心功能, 用基因芯片技术测定4组大鼠模型循环miRNAs差异表达, 用生物信息学技术分析不同运动强度下循环miRNAs相关靶基因及基因功能. CMT组和HIT组的治疗显著改善了心肌梗死大鼠心功能和运动耐量, HIT组显著优于CMT组. 单纯心肌梗死组与假手术组相比, 明显上调的循环miRNAs有14个, 明显下调的循环miRNAs有4个. 与单纯心肌梗死组相比, CMT组明显上调的循环miRNAs有11个, 明显下调的循环miRNAs有2个; HIT组明显上调的循环miRNAs有53个, 明显下调的关键miRNAs有41个. 与假手术组相比, 单纯心肌梗死组心肌相关循环miRNAs的差异表达有miR-26a-5p, miR-92a-3p和miR-378a-3p; 与单纯心肌梗死组相比, CMT组有miR-92a-3p, HIT组有miR-34c-3p, miR-23a-3p, miR-98-3p, miR-208a-5p和miR-92-3p. 高强度间歇运动对心肌梗死大鼠心功能和运动耐量的改善作用优于中等强度持续运动, 其循环miRNAs及心肌相关循环miRNAs的差异表达数量明显高于中等强度持续运动, 循环miRNAs差异表达有望作为运动强度和运动效果判断的分子生物学标志物.     

多孔CPC材料复合转染VEGF的骨髓间充质干细胞修复大鼠颅骨缺损的实验研究

为研究转染血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)复合多孔CPC构建的组织工程化骨对骨缺损的修复作用,用脂质体介导质粒pIRES2-EGFP/VEGF165转染大鼠BMSCs,与多孔CPC复合体外构建组织工程化骨,植入大鼠颅骨缺损模型,未转染VEGF165的组织工程化骨作对照。分别在4周、12周取材,以组织学组织形态学分析骨缺损修复情况.比较两组的骨形成差异。结果转染VEGF组骨缺损的修复效果明显好于未转染组。组织形态计量学分析显示,4周时,转染组材料内新生骨面积为31.9%,未转染组为19.7%。12周时,转染组材料内新生骨面积为75.9%,未转染组仅为49.7%。差异具有统计学意义(P<0.000 1)。转染组的骨形成速率明显快于未转染组,两者分别为分别为6.18±1.62μm/d和3.56±0.93μm/d。说明VEGF转染细胞组较对照组血供加强,骨缺损修复加速。     

Calcium carbonate nanoparticles promote osteogenesis compared to adipogenesis in human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Rhombohedron-like and fusiform calcium carbonate nanoparticles were fabricated using a new method. Their geometry was controlled by varying the mixing speed and ratio of ethanol versus water in reaction system. The calcium carbonate nanoparticles(CCNPs) have slight effect on viability of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs) with dose-dependent and shape-dependent, but they can significantly promote osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro by 10–37% increase of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity, 9–36% growth of collagen secretion and 1.13–1.83 folds upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes, even at lower dose ranges(5–20 μg/ml). The efficacity of promoting osteogenesis depends on the shape and dose of CCNPs. Furthermore,adipogenesis was inhibited by less accumulation of lipid droplets, lower triglyceride(TG) secretion and downregulation of adipogenesis-related genes. These findings improve the understanding of effects CCNPs on hBMSCs fate towards osteoblasts or adipocytes and have meaningful impact for combining use of CCNPs and hBMSCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields.