三种氟喹诺酮类抗生素在黄河沉积物中的吸附行为

采用批平衡法研究了3种氟喹诺酮类抗生素环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星在黄河沉积物上的吸附特性.结果表明:环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星在沉积物中的吸附均呈现先快速增长后缓慢平衡的趋势,吸附平衡时间皆为12 h,平衡吸附量分别为88.97、76.25、54.53 mg/kg.吸附数据与准二级动力学方程有较好的拟合,反应速率常数为11.59~225.70g/(mg·h).吸附等温线能较好地符合Henry方程和Freundlich方程,沉积物对环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的吸附能力较强,对恩诺沙星的吸附效果较差.     

植酸改性黑曲霉菌对水中U(Ⅵ)的吸附试验研究

以黑曲霉和植酸为原料,制备了富含磷酸基团的黑曲霉改性材料。试验探讨了U(Ⅵ)的初始浓度,p H值、植酸与黑曲霉用量比、投加量等因素对植酸改性黑曲霉吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响。试验结果表明:在p H=5,投加量为0. 3 g/L,U(Ⅵ)初始浓度为5 mg/L,30℃的条件下,植酸改性黑曲霉菌对U(Ⅵ)的吸附量达到16. 19 mg/g,吸附时间90 min后趋于平衡。研究植酸改性黑曲霉对U(Ⅵ)的吸附行为规律,结果表明吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温模型,以单层吸附为主;动力学模型符合准二级动力学,吸附过程主要是化学吸附。扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)和红外光谱(FTIR)等手段分析植酸改性黑曲霉吸附U(Ⅵ)的机理,结果表明植酸成功引入黑曲霉表面,主要反应官能团为OH、PO3-4、CONH。     

蒙脱石对喹诺酮类抗生素的吸附平衡及动力学特征

以蒙脱石为吸附剂进行水中2种喹诺酮类抗生素(环丙沙星和诺氟沙星)的静态吸附试验,考察初始浓度、pH值和阳离子强度对吸附性能的影响.结果表明,蒙脱石对环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的吸附过程均符合二级反应动力学方程,吸附速率常数分别为0.063和0.024 kg·mg-1·h-1.环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的吸附等温线均能较好地符合Freu...     

微波及碱性溶液改性活性炭对丙酮吸附性能的影响

对商业活性炭分别经过600,700和800℃微波辐照加热处理,以及Na OH,Na2CO3和Na HCO3溶液浸渍处理。采用比表面积及孔径分析仪、Boehm滴定、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)对活性炭的物化性质进行表征,并且在10℃以丙酮为吸附质进行固定床吸附实验。研究结果表明:微波改性后,活性炭的比表面积、总孔容小幅度减小,但微孔比表面积显著增大;随着温度升高,表面酸性基团大量分解,碱性基团逐渐形成;碱性溶液改性后,比表面积和孔容均减小;改性溶液碱性越强,表面碱性基团总量越大,酸性基团完全被去除;丙酮吸附量与活性炭微孔孔容具有良好的线性相关性,吸附量与活性炭表面碱性基团的含量成反比;Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程均能较好地描述丙酮在活性炭上的吸附,Langmuir方程更加适合;吸附能与活性炭表面含氮官能团总量成正比。     

铝改性竹炭的磷吸附性能研究

为了改善竹炭的磷吸附性能,以氯化铝为改性剂,采用铝盐水解共沉法对竹炭进行改性,并对改性前后竹炭物化特性进行表征.通过批次吸附实验对比研究了改性竹炭对水溶液中磷的吸附特性.结果表明:Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程能很好地描述竹炭磷吸附等温特性,Freundlich等温方程拟合效果更优,改性后竹炭磷吸附容量为10.0mg·g-1,是改性前竹炭的1.3倍;铝改性竹炭磷吸附过程符合Lagergren二阶动力学模型;溶液pH值对磷吸附影响显著,酸性条件有利于磷吸附,腐植酸对吸附磷有明显负面作用,而NO3-对吸附磷无明显抑制作用.     

碱改性泡桐树叶粉末对水中Pb~(2+)的吸附特性

生物吸附剂的改性方法不同,影响吸附剂性能和其对重金属离子的去除效果.本研究采用泡桐树叶粉末经Ca(OH)2改性后,吸附废水中Pb2+,并探讨了反应时间、吸附剂浓度、p H这三个因素对吸附效果的影响.结果表明,吸附剂浓度0.8 g/L,溶液p H为5,吸附60 min即可达到平衡,此时吸附量为60.43 mg/g,去除率为95.61%,吸附过程可用准二级吸附动力学模型描述.通过扫描电镜(SEM)发现泡桐树叶粉末经改性,表面变得松散粗糙;能谱分析(XPS)发现,吸附过程中发生了阳离子交换,Pb2+被吸附到泡桐粉末表面,而Ca2+被释放到溶液中.Ca(OH)2改性泡桐树叶粉末对Pb2+具有良好的吸附性能,可以用于重金属污染废水的处理.     

酸碱改性活性炭吸附水中乙酰水杨酸的行为与机理

采用硝酸(HNO_3)和氢氧化钠(Na OH)对活性炭表面进行改性,并考察其对乙酰水杨酸(ASP)的吸附性能。借助傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性活性炭结构特性进行表征,考察孔隙结构和官能团与吸附性能的关系,推断改性活性炭中对ASP起主要作用的官能团是含氧官能团。结果表明,两种改性活性炭对ASP均有良好的吸附效果;与Freundlich方程相比,吸附过程更适合用Langmuir方程来进行描述;也表明了活性炭对ASP的吸附属于单分子层吸附。改性后活性炭的最大吸附量可达到96.129 8 mg/g,且吸附过程更符合二级动力学方程。     

高锰酸钾改性核桃壳基生物炭对水溶液中Cu~(2+)的吸附性能

为提高核桃壳基生物炭吸附水溶液中Cu~(2+)的效率,用不同浓度高锰酸钾溶液对高温(600℃)热解制备的核桃壳基生物炭进行改性.通过N_2吸附等温线、SEM-EDX和XPS对改性前后核桃壳基生物炭的结构特征和表面化学特性进行分析,结果表明:改性核桃壳基生物炭表面添加了新的含氧基团,含氧基团主要以Mn—O和Mn—OH的形式与锰基团结合.在温度为25℃、pH为5.3的条件下改性核桃壳基生物炭对Cu~(2+)的最大吸附能力为61.35 mg/g,是未改性核桃壳基生物炭的5.3倍.改性核桃壳基生物炭吸附Cu~(2+)能力的增加主要是因为表面负载了MnO_x和氧基团.     

两种改性核桃壳对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究

用磷酸改性和甲醛-硫酸改性核桃壳吸附模拟废水中Cr(Ⅵ),探讨了核桃壳投加量、吸附时间、水样初始p H值和初始浓度等因素对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附效果的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和红外光谱(IR)表征核桃壳的结构.实验结果表明,磷酸改性核桃壳对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率为99.4%,最大吸附容量为3.24 mg/g,甲醛-硫酸改性核桃壳对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率为98.4%,最大吸附容量为8.23 mg/g.未改性核桃壳和甲醛-硫酸改性核桃壳对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附等温线更符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,磷酸改性核桃壳的吸附等温线与Langmuir等温吸附方程拟合地更好.     

微波辅助氢氧化钠改性沸石及其对Zn~(2+)的吸附

利用微波辅助Na OH对天然沸石进行改性,在单因素实验的基础上对改性条件进行了优化,得出沸石改性的最优实验条件为:Na OH改性液浓度为0.5 mol/L、微波功率480 W、微波辐射时间5 min.探讨改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附行为.结果表明:改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附能力明显增强.在优化实验条件下对质量浓度为50 mg/L的Zn2+的去除率达95.68%.Langmuir吸附模型比Freundlich吸附模型能更好地模拟改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附过程,吸附动力学方程以准二级动力学方程拟合的效果最优.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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