基于能量法的高承台桩基沉降计算方法

为探讨高承台桩基的沉降计算方法,考虑高承台群桩中各基桩的相互作用,首先基于Cooke原理推导得到基桩桩侧单位厚度土的等效刚度系数;其次,从能量传递的角度建立承台-桩基的平衡方程,并联立承台-桩基变形协调关系以及桩端边界条件,利用能量法对基桩桩身轴力与位移进行求解,从而得到高承台桩基沉降计算方法,编制相应的计算程序。最后,利用该方法及计算程序对某工程中的高承台桩基进行计算。研究结果表明:采用本文方法所得计算结果与实测结果较吻合,验证了本文计算方法的合理性。     

单桩桩侧摩阻力变化规律的三维数值模拟

桩土间的相互作用是桩侧产生摩阻力的本质原因,本文基于MADIS/GTS软件通过设置不同接触单元、变化接触单元中剪切刚度模量、法向刚度模量对承受竖向力的桩侧摩阻力、轴力及应力等进行了分析。结果表明:在不同土层中设置相应的接触单元时,摩阻力在土层分界面处会出现明显拐点,对桩顶位移也有一定影响;随着模量值的增大桩侧摩阻力值也随之增大。     

竖向抗压桩承载机理与受力特性分析方法

桩基础具有竖向承载力高,基础沉降小,调节不均匀沉降能力强等优点,成为大型建构筑物的主要基础型式。桩基承载力与沉降分析是桩基设计中的主要内容。本研究基于桩身布设钢筋应力计的单桩现场静载试验结果,分析了竖向抗压单桩荷载-沉降关系、桩身轴力分布规律、桩侧摩阻力和桩端摩阻力发挥特性等,总结了不同桩侧和桩端荷载传递模型,明确了荷载传递模型中各参数的意义和取值方法。以桩侧和桩端荷载传递双曲线模型为例,考虑群桩中各基桩间的相互作用,提出了群桩中各基桩的双曲线荷载传递函数,结合荷载传递法形成了考虑桩-土体系渐进变形的桩基承载特性迭代计算方法。     

基于多段荷载传递法的桩基荷载-沉降解析解

目的推导出桩侧土桩基荷载-沉降解析解,为在理论上探讨桩的轴向静载与沉降之间的关系、计算桩的极限荷载、桩身轴力和桩侧剪力提供一种较为实用的方法.方法利用多组并联弹簧组来模拟桩侧土荷载传递曲线,建立桩侧土的多段线性荷载传递函数模型,模拟桩土间弹塑性本构关系,以荷载传递函数法为基础,并巧妙地利用双曲函数变换和传递函数.分析了砂土侧摩阻力的变化对桩基荷载-沉降曲线的影响,并与专业桩基计算软件结果进行对比.结果求得了桩侧土处于弹性、弹塑性和弹-塑-滑移状态下桩身内力与节点位移的解析表达式,并递推得到了桩顶荷载-沉降关系和桩顶刚度的解析解.结论多段荷载传递法求得的荷载-沉降曲线与专业桩基计算软件结果基本吻合,说明了该方法的有效性和解析解的正确性.     

计入剪切变形的基桩屈曲稳定分析

根据目标不同,建立2个基桩屈曲稳定分析方程.给出计入水平力剪切变形和P-Δ效应的柱单元刚度矩阵,并以此运用有限元一般原理,给出计入剪切变形影响的基桩稳定性分析方法步骤.以计入剪切变形和P-Δ效应的柱单元模拟基桩工作,并考虑桩侧土特性、桩顶桩端边界条件等因素影响,通过自编Matlab有限元程序进行基桩稳定案例分析.分析结果表明,基桩自身剪切变形对基桩屈曲影响较小,埋深较大时桩端边界条件对基桩屈曲稳定性影响极小,均可忽略,而桩顶边界条件和地基系数则对基桩稳定性影响显著.     

竖向载荷作用下单桩接触面性能分析

在桩与土界面处设置Goodman接触单元来模拟桩与土的滑移变形和开裂,建立了单桩在竖向载荷作用下接触面应力和位移的关系公式。用三维有限元的方法,考虑了土体的非线性（Dmcker-Prager模型）力学性能,对模型桩进行了模拟计算分析,详细讨论了双曲线接触面本构关系的初始切向、法向刚度对桩顶位移及地表沉降的影响。对理论分析桩的载荷沉降提供了一种有益的参考。     

低承台小群桩共同作用诱发变形特征

基于弹性理论法的桩、土位移方程进行了部分改进,使其计算精度提高;利用改进后的位移方程用Digital Visual Fortran语言编写低承台小群桩共同作用分析程序,研究桩径、桩长、桩距、承台底基床系数对低承台小群桩的荷载-沉降关系的影响.研究结果表明:低承台小群桩的荷载-沉降关系呈缓变特征;基桩承载力及沉降量均比单桩的大,随着桩长、桩径、承台底基床系数的提高,群桩承载力及基桩承载力相应提高,但同时产生较大的沉降;桩数增加,群桩承载力及基桩承载力也相应增加,当桩群总体受荷相同时,若桩数较多,则群桩的沉降较小,但当基桩受荷相同时,若桩数较多,则群桩的沉降量增加.     

基于剪切位移法的基桩负摩阻力计算

在对现有2种常用基桩负摩阻力计算方法进行分析的基础上,探讨了影响桩土间实际负摩阻力的主要因素.进而根据有效应力原理,建立出能充分考虑桩土剪切位移对摩阻力发挥程度影响的基桩负摩阻力计算分段曲线模型,并由此推导出基于荷载传递法的负摩阻力计算基本微分方程,并给出了在不同桩土相对位移条件下基桩负摩阻力计算的分段解析式.在此基础上,引进土体在均布压力作用下沉降的弹性解,从而得到了桩身轴向力、中性点的位置及基桩负摩阻力计算的改进方法.理论与工程实例试验结果对比分析表明,采用该方法所得的桩身轴力随深度的变化曲线与实测曲线吻合良好.     

基于能量法的填土地基单桩负摩阻力计算方法

深厚填土地基因土体固结沉降导致桩基产生负摩阻力,负摩阻力会造成桩身的沉降量过大和承载力降低。针对能较准确计算深厚填土场地基桩负摩阻力方法研究成果不足的问题,通过不同法向应力下的土–混凝土界面剪切试验讨论了桩侧摩阻力的发挥机理,并考虑桩侧摩阻力随深度的分布规律,提出结合双曲线模型和有效应力法的桩侧摩阻力分段计算模型。然后,基于桩–土体系的能量传递,建立负摩阻力条件下基桩的能量平衡方程,进而导出同时考虑桩–土相对位移和桩–土体系势能变化的桩身轴力和位移计算表达式。以某桩基现场试验项目进行计算,将理论计算结果与试验实测结果对比分析,结果表明：理论计算所得桩身轴力沿深度变化曲线与试验结果基本吻合,本方法能够较准确的分析深厚填土地基中基桩的力学特性。     

群桩竖向荷载-沉降特性影响因素的数值分析

在采用三维数值模拟法对一群桩试验模型进行分析对比基础上,建立了与实际工程中相近的低承台群桩模型,用数值模拟手段揭示了在上部荷载作用下群桩的荷载-沉降特性,并对群桩基础荷载-沉降曲线的影响因素分别进行了分析与探讨.结果表明:桩长(长细比)、桩距(距径比)、桩土剪切弹簧刚度、桩端土刚度、承台刚度及其设置方式对群桩荷载-沉降曲线影响较大,而桩身刚度的影响不明显.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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