纯钛TA1和钛合金TC4表面固体渗硼

采用固体粉末法分别对基体组织为α-Ti的TA1和基体组织为(α+β)-Ti的TC4钛合金表面进行了渗硼,在偏光显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)下观察了渗层的形貌,用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了渗层的物相组成.实验结果表明,渗硼温度在850~1000℃范围内,TA1表面渗层为平行于基体表面的多层结构,为Ti3O相和TiB相;当渗硼温度高于920℃时TiB为主要组成并出现了TiB2相,且硼钛化合物的含量随温度升高而增加.当渗硼温度低于1000℃时,TC4表面渗层为Ti3O相和TiB相,在渗硼温度高于1000℃时,渗层为TiB2+TiB晶须结构.渗硼温度高于1000℃是TA1和TC4表面形成硼钛化合物的充分条件.     

渗钛合金层对316L不锈钢晶间腐蚀性能的影响

采用等离子表面合金化技术在316L不锈钢表面进行渗钛处理,对渗层的结构及其晶间腐蚀性能进行了分析,结果表明,在温度为1000℃、保温时间为3.5h的渗钛条件下形成了表面改性合金层。在不锈钢10%草酸浸蚀试验中,316L不锈钢基体呈现七类凹坑组织Ⅱ晶间腐蚀;而渗钛合金层几乎没有发生晶间腐蚀,显著提高了316L不锈钢的耐晶间腐蚀性能。     

钛表面制备多孔氧化膜的研究

以硫酸和磷酸为电解液,工业纯钛为阳极,不锈钢为阴极,恒电流阳极氧化的方式在钛表面直接获得TiO2多孔氧化膜,经过500℃热处理,促进氧化膜由非晶体向晶体的转变.采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射对阳极氧化膜的形貌和结构进行了分析,研究了电流密度、电解液种类以及浓度对TiO2多孔氧化膜形态和晶型的影响,并探讨了其形成机理.结果表明,以磷酸为电解液时钛表面仅生成锐钛矿相的TiO2,而以硫酸为电解液时钛表面生成锐钛矿和金红石两种晶相的TiO2.     

Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜的低温制备及光吸收性能研究

将不同比例的Ti粉和Fe粉的混合粉末加入到质量分数为30%的H2O2溶液中,然后把Ti片浸入其中,保持80℃低温反应72h,在Ti片上形成了Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪,扫描电子显微镜,紫外-可见光谱仪等多种手段对薄膜的结构及光吸收性能进行了研究。结果表明,在Ti片表面形成了结构较为疏松的锐钛矿相Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜;与未掺杂的TiO2薄膜相比,不同Fe粉含量生成的Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜的紫外-可见光吸收边均发生明显红移,禁带宽度均有所减小;掺Fe量为3%时,TiO2薄膜的禁带宽度减小至3.04eV。     

加热温度对铸态Ti1100氧化及表面形貌的影响

研究了铸态Ti1100在不同温度下保温5小时的氧化增重和表面形貌.结果表明,随着加热温度的升高,铸造Ti1100氧化加重.300℃基本不氧化;500℃-700℃,Ti1100试样增重0.28-0.62%; 1100℃氧化增重严重,达到12.73%;钛的氧化增重为吸氧.用JSM-6360LV型扫描电子显微镜观察试样表面形貌,300-600℃氧化膜极薄且致密;700℃试样表面有少量的氧化腐蚀坑,表面较致密;900℃试样表面有较多的突起氧化层,表面不致密;1100℃氧化层为板片状TiO2.氧化过程为高温时,氧化膜晶粒粗大变得疏松,氧通过氧化膜扩散进基体.     

钛精粉氧化过程中物相转变

采用热重分析和恒温实验法研究了攀枝花钛精粉氧化过程中相的存在形式及其转变规律.X射线衍射结果和微观形貌分析表明:温度低于500℃,钛精粉未发生氧化反应;600℃时产生Fe2Ti3O9和TiO2相,其和原相Fe2O3相衍射峰强度均随温度的升高而增强;900℃时,Fe2Ti3O9相完全转变为Fe2TiO5相,且随温度的升高,TiO2相和Fe2O3相衍射峰强度逐渐减弱;在整个氧化过程中存在四个化学反应,其与烧结作用相互关联,使得氧化产物表面形成较多孔隙,变得凹凸不平且疏松.     

热处理对TiO2薄膜结构和表面形貌的影响

研究了热处理对电子束蒸发法制备的TiO2薄膜结构和表面形貌的影响。利用X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜,检测了TiO2薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌。实验结果显示：沉积态TiO2薄膜为非晶态;低温（400℃以下）退火TiO2薄膜开始向锐钛矿相转变;高温退火（850℃以下）TiO2薄膜由锐钛矿向金红石相转变。     

铝阳极氧化膜表面TiO2的制备和表征

在钛盐溶液中,采用交流电沉积方法,在铝阳极氧化膜表面制备了TiO2薄膜.利用XRD、OM、SEM、EDS和XPS分析了该复合薄膜的结构、表面形貌及表面元素的组成和分布,并通过紫外光照下甲基橙溶液的光催化降解反应分析了薄膜的光催化活性.结果表明：该复合薄膜主要为非晶态,同时含有极少量的锐钛矿和金红石结构;薄膜表面主要由Al、O和Ti三种元素构成;电沉积过程中,氧化铝部分溶解,得到的TiO2分散地分布于氧化铝表面;该复合薄膜具有一定的光催化活性.     

Fe~(3 )-TiO_2复合纳米薄膜的制备及光催化特性的研究

通过射频磁控溅射工艺制备了TiO2复合纳米薄膜并分析了薄膜的结构及光催化特性.退火温度在350-550℃时Fe3 -TiO2复合薄膜均为锐钛矿相,以石英玻璃为基片的掺铁TiO2复合膜在(101)面有一定的择优取向.复合膜晶粒为锥形颗粒,薄膜表面积大于同温度退火时的纯二氧化钛薄膜,晶粒结晶过程中Fe3 替位Ti4 在晶粒中形成分离的P型杂质能级,TiO2的禁带宽度受到Fe3 杂质能级的影响使TiO2复合纳米膜的光吸收阈值有明显的“红移”的现象,在模拟日光环境光催化甲基橙试验中,Fe3 -TiO2复合纳米膜的催化活性高于二氧化钛薄膜.     

321不锈钢小方坯浸入式水口堵塞研究

通过观测水口结瘤物的结构和成分的变化,对AISI 321不锈钢小方坯浸入式水口的堵塞机理进行了研究。水口的解剖结果表明水口结瘤物主要由TiN、金属相以及渣相组成。通过计算建立了钢液及凝固过程中TiN的热力学模型。研究发现,TiO2过渡层的存在、较高的钛氮浓度积、不佳的钢水洁净度是导致结瘤物形成的主要原因。因此堵塞机理可以表述为,首先浇注过程中钢液中的[ Ti]与耐火材料中的SiO2进行反应,TiO2过渡层会在浸入式水口内壁形成;钛氧化物的良好传热性能造成钢液温度下降进而导致TiN结瘤物的形成,且不佳的钢水洁净度则会进一步恶化钢水的可浇性;随着结瘤物的不断增长,最终导致水口堵塞。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with