对学生学习方式的几点思考

针对学生学习方式单一化，被动学习的现实，我们应该树立以学生发展为本的民主化教育思想，深刻认识造成学生被动学习的原因，改革课堂教学，激发学生学习的主动性，自主性，能动性和创造性，为学生实践多种学习方式创造条件，使接受学习和自主发现学习相得益彰，实现学习方式的多样化。     

略谈中学生语文学习兴趣的培养

读书是一种生活方式，学习是对生命的一种体验。只有让学生在学习中收获快乐，才能把学习中的被动变为主动。在教学中，语文教师要为学生构建一个开放的学习环境，从根本上激发学生的学习兴趣和学习积极性，真正燃起求知的渴望之火。为此，创设一定的教学情景，是引导学生积极参与学习的一个前提，通过有趣的授课艺术组织课堂，以学生为主体，把课堂还给学生，使学生成为学习的主人，就能让学生在快乐中学到知识，获得成就感，感受到学习语文给自己带来的乐趣，从而增强学生的自信和学习的兴趣。     

发挥学生主体作用 培养学习历史兴趣

新课程标准明确指出：“学生是学习和发展的主体，历史课程必须根据学生身心发展和历史学习的特点，关注学生的个体差异和不同的学习需求，爱护学生的好奇心、求知欲，充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神，倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式。”因此，高中历史教学中，教师必须做好组织和引导工作，把主体地位还给学生，突出以学生为中心，体现“以人为本”的思想，尊重学生的个性，给学生以充分的想象空间，激发学生的求知欲，培养学生学习历史的兴趣，从而积极主动参与学习，并获得愉悦感、成就感和自信心。     

如何培养中职学生英语学习自我效能感

学生英语学习的自我效能感就是对英语学习能力的估计和判断，它体现了学生对自己英语学习的自信和期望。在影响中职学生英语学习的诸多因素中，自我效能感是影响学生学习成绩的一个重要非智力因素，它对学生的学习有着重要影响。培养学习自我效能感是提高学生学习成绩的重要前提和基础，同时也是影响学生学习过程中的身心反应过程，可以提高学生英语水平并改进英语教学方法。     

让学生自主学习

在小学语文教学活动中，要充分调动学生的学习主动性，把课堂教学舞台让给学生，开放学生的课堂空间和竞争空间，挖掘学生的学习潜能，让学生自主学习。     

中学生学习焦虑心理的成因与自我调适

学习焦虑是学习心理的一种状态，学习焦虑心理对学生的学习和健康成长有很大的影响。学习焦虑心理对学习有一定的促进作用，但中学生的学习焦虑对学习的消极作用是主要的。要消除学习焦虑心理对学习的消极影响，必须切实减轻学生的心理负担，积极进行心理疏导，引导学生树立自信心，培养学生良好的学习心理，引导学生学会自我调适。     

78．5％的魔力

有“疑”才有“思”，有“思”才启“新”。迁移是学习的继续和巩固，又是提高和深化学习的条件，学习与迁移不可分割。在数学学习中，学习迁移能力直接涉及学生学习效率的提高。运用迁移规律发展学生元认知能力，能有效提高学生的自我学习能力和创新能力，使学生真正学会学习。     

在语文课堂教学中如何培养学生的学习兴趣

兴趣是所有学科教学的生命力。学生是学习的主人，培养学生的学习兴趣，提高教学质量，是语文学科广大教师常常研究的课题。语文教学应注重培养学生自主学习的意识和习惯，为学生创设良好的自主学习情境，激发学生的学习兴趣，让每一个学生都能最大限度地参与教学。     

制图课的教学策略——研究性学习

制图研究性学习是一种开放性、参与性、和实际紧密联系的教学形式，通过改变教师的教学方式和学生的学习方式，培养学生创新精神和实践能力。制图研究性学习强调对所学知识、技能的实际运用，注重学习的过程和学生的实践与体验，在学习过程中，通过学生的直接参与使学生实现自我评价。     

浅议如何快乐学习德育课

德育课教学要想取得好的效果，就要让学生快乐地学习和在学习中体会快乐。激发学生自信一、学习的热情和求知欲以及学好德育课的信念。让学生体验学习成功的喜悦，增强学习的动力。培养学生良好的学习习惯，重视社会实践和考察，创造学生自身体验社会生活的空间和条件。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with