铬对锂离子在尖晶石锂锰氧化物中嵌入行为的影响

研究了纯尖晶石锂锰氧化物和掺铬尖晶石锂锰氧化物粉末微电极的循环伏安行为,结果表明,掺铬样品循环稳定性明显增加,但它的氧化还原峰的位置发生正移,峰形宽化,两步嵌脱锂的量也由相等变为不等.由慢速循环伏安曲线(40μV/s)求出锂离子在纯尖晶石和掺铬尖晶石锂锰氧化物中嵌入自由能(ΔG)和相互作用能(U)后发现掺铬尖晶石锂锰氧化物的嵌入自由能较未掺杂的减少,而相互作用能增加;结合X-射线衍射图、恒电流放电曲线讨论了铬对锂离子在尖晶石锂锰氧化物中嵌脱行为影响机理,认为掺入Cr后,尖晶石结构保持不变,但尖晶石晶胞发生收缩,四面体中锂离子之间、锂离子与其他阳离子间的距离缩短,这导致相邻四面体中锂离子间、锂离子与其它阳离子间的相互斥力增加,锂离子嵌入过程变得更加困难,因为在嵌入过程中需要更大的能量来克服这个斥力.     

富锂型掺钴尖晶石锂锰氧化物的结构与电化学性能

采用湿化学方法合成了富锂型掺钴尖晶石锂锰氧化物Li1.02Mn2-yCoyO4(y=0,0.02,0.10,0.50),并通过X射线衍射与恒电流充、放电等测试方法对合成产物的结构与电化学性能进行了研究.X射线衍射结果表明:当掺钴量y≤0.10时,合成产物属于尖晶石结构;当y=0.50时,开始有少量Co3O4的杂相峰出现,但仍以尖晶石结构为主;随着y的增加,合成样品的晶胞常数减小,晶胞体积收缩,晶胞中Mn-O之间的距离(RMn-O)与Mn-Mn之间的距离(RMn-Mn)均缩短.恒电流充、放电实验结果表明,随着y的增加,合成产物的初始放电比容量有所降低,但稳定性提高;当y=0.02时,合成产物的初始放电比容量为118.860 mA·h/g,循环5次后,其比容量为 115.796 mA·h/g.综合合成产物的比容量与循环性能,以Li1.02Mn1.98CO0.02O4的电化学性能为最佳.     

Pr1.8Bi0.1Sr0.8Ca0.3Cu2O6的制备,结构和性能研究

本文报道了新的含铜的氧化物的物相 Pr_(1.3)Bi_(0.1)Sr_(0.3)Ca_(0.2)Cu_2O_6的制奋、单晶结构和电磁性能.由单晶 X 射线衍射数据分析,该氧化物属四方晶系,空间群 D_(4λ)~(17)—l4/mmm.测得晶胞常数为α=3.831×10~(-10)m,c=19.642×10~(-10)m,Z=2,V=288.3×10~(-20)m~3。在4.5—300K 温度范围内,该物相不显超导性能。经高压纯氧气氛焙烧或经纯160 Pa 氧焙烧后再经氩气氛处理的 Pr_(2-x)(Sr,Ca)_(l+2)Cu_2O_(?)(x≈0至0.4)样品也不显超导性能.     

双钙钛矿型Sr_2Fe_xMo_(2-x)O_6系列氧化物的Mssbauer谱研究

通过M ssbauer谱对Sr2 FexMo2 -xO6 系列氧化物进行研究 ,结果表明该系列氧化物在室温下仍然存在磁有序 ,而且样品中Fe的化合价随着Fe含量x的增加而升高 ,当x =1 0时Fe的化合价处于 + 2与 + 3之间 ,从而验证了能带计算的结果 .     

合成条件对尖晶石型LixMn2O4正极材料结构的影响

采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)等方法研究了不同温度、原料配比等工艺因素对LixMn2O4正极材料的微观形貌、物相结构等影响.结果表明:LiMn2O4样品的晶格常数、晶胞体积和晶粒大小随着合成温度的增加而增大,当合成温度超过700℃时,样品由尖晶石型LiMn2O4单相组成,在750℃下可合成粒度分布均匀,晶体结构完整的LiMn2O4.当x＜1时,LixMn2O4样品的颗粒呈不规则形状,当x＞1时,样品的形状为球形颗粒;LixMn2O4样品的晶胞常数和晶胞体积随着x值的增加而呈现出先增后减的规律.图6,表2,参14.     

螯合法合成掺杂尖晶石型锂锰氧化物及其电化学性能研究

用螯舍法合成出掺杂镍和氯的尖晶石锂锰氧化物LixMn2-xNixO4-yCly。用能谱和原子吸收光谱分析测试了合成的样品的组成。分析了材料的电化学性能、FT—IR和XRD特性。结果表明：与没有掺杂的锂锰氧化物相比，掺杂量适当的样品其初始放电容量大，循环性能好，且在4．6～4．8V的电压平台较长。这归结于镍离子替换了部分处于16d的锰离子，使结构趋于更加稳定。     

双钙钛矿型Sr2FexMo2-xO6系列Msssbauer谱研究氧化物的

通过Moessbauer谱对Sr2FexMo2-xO6系列氧化物进行研究，结果表明该系列氧化物在室温下仍然存在磁有序，而且样品中Fe的化合价随着Fe含量x的增加而升高，当x=1．0时Fe的化合价处于 2与 3之间，从而验证了能带计算的结果。     

掺La铁酸铋粉体的晶体结构

用溶胶凝胶法成功制备Bi1-xLaxFeO3(BLFO,x=0.00～0.40)粉体样品,用X射线衍射谱和拉曼光谱表征样品的结构,并用Rietveld精修法拟合样品的XRD谱.结果显示随着掺La量x的增加,晶格常数逐渐减小,晶胞体积线性减小,当掺杂量增加到x=0.30时,BLFO粉体样品的晶体结构由R3c的三角相转变为Amn2的正交相结构.     

层状锂锰钒氧化物的合成与电化学性能研究

用高温固相反应法合成掺锰的层状锂钒氧化物L i1.2V3-xM nxF0.02O7.98.通过FT IR和XRD对样品进行表征,并研究了样品的充放电性能.实验结果表明:除L i1.2V2.50M n0.50F0.02O7.98样品外,所合成的其余4个样品均为层状锂锰钒氧化物.掺锰量最少的样品L i1.2V2.98M n0.02F0.02O7.98,在4.0~2.0 V区间放电时,其初始放电容量可达233.4 mA h/g,但循环性能不佳.随着掺锰量的增加,样品的循环性能有了显著改善,初始放电容量降低.掺锰量较大的样品L i1.2V2.80M n0.20F0.02O7.98的初始放电容量较低(164.8 mA h/g),但其循环性能在所有样品中是最好的,说明掺杂适量的锰可以使层状锂钒氧化物的结构更稳定,从而提高样品的循环性能.     

双钙钛矿型Sr2FexMo2-xO6系列氧化物的M(o)ssbauer谱研究

通过M(o)ssbauer谱对Sr2FexMo2-xO6系列氧化物进行研究,结果表明该系列氧化物在室温下仍然存在磁有序,而且样品中Fe的化合价随着Fe含量x的增加而升高,当x=1.0时Fe的化合价处于+2与+3之间,从而验证了能带计算的结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that