聚四氟乙烯微孔膜/双组分熔喷材料复合空气滤材的制备与过滤性能

以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜作为过滤层,聚酯/聚丙烯(PET/PP)双组分熔喷材料作为支撑层,通过非织造热轧技术制备一种空气过滤器用PTFE微孔膜/(PET/PP)双组分熔喷材料复合滤材。讨论了复合滤材的制备工艺,并研究了过滤层(PTFE微孔膜)、支撑层(熔喷材料)和热轧工艺对复合滤材过滤性能的影响。结果表明:制备的复合滤材具有优良的过滤性能,随着双组分熔喷材料中聚丙烯(PP)纤维体积分数的增加,复合滤材的过滤阻力上升;复合滤材的过滤性能主要由PTFE微孔膜提供;热轧工艺对复合滤材的结构和过滤性能都有影响;当PET/PP双组分熔喷材料中PET纤维与PP纤维体积比为30/70、热辊温度为150℃、线速度为8 m/min、辊间压力为180N/cm2时,复合滤材的滤效达到99.95%,滤阻为350Pa。     

液相氧化降解聚乙烯和聚丙烯的研究

研究了废旧聚乙烯（PE）和聚丙烯（PP）塑料高温液相催化氧化降解的工艺条件。以醋酸为溶剂,醋酸钴、醋酸锰为主催化剂,溴化物为助催化剂,在一定温度和压力下用空气氧化聚乙烯和聚丙烯,用气质联用法（GC—MS）检测了聚乙烯和聚丙烯氧化降解后的产物成分,尾气中CO和CO2浓度则采用红外在线分析仪检测。结果表明,在降解PE、PP过程中,MC催化体系表现出较高的催化活性,PE和PP降解主要产物为草酸和醋酸。     

接触角法测量高分子材料的表面能

以二次蒸馏水、甘油、甲酰胺、二碘甲烷和乙二醇为检测液体,采用接触角法测定聚丙烯（PP）、聚乙烯（PE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚苯乙烯（PS）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、丙烯脂/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）、聚碳酸酯（PC）等高分子树脂材料的表面能参数（Lifshitz-van der Waals分量、Lewis酸分量和Lewis碱分量）.研究结果表明：水-甘油-二碘甲烷、水-甲酰胺-二碘甲烷、水-乙二醇-二碘甲烷3种组合方案中的任一组合均能较好地反映聚合物的表面特征;7种高分子树脂可以分为极性和非极性2大类.PP和PE属于非极性树脂,表面能较低,只存在Lifshitz-van der Waals分量;在极性树脂中,PS,ABS,PC和PET表面具有明显的Lewis碱特征;PVC表面呈现一定的两性特征,除具有Lewis碱特征之外,其表面还带有较多的Lewis酸分量.     

纺黏非织造布的双轴向拉伸性能

对3种纺黏非织造布(聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚乙烯/聚丙烯(PE/PP)双组分)分别进行不同速度和角度的双轴向拉伸试验,研究其双轴向拉伸性能.试验结果表明:在同一拉伸条件下,试样双轴向拉伸时的纤维强力利用系数大于单轴向拉伸时的纤维强力利用系数,各方向的断裂强度提高60.9%~83.3%;3种纺黏非织造布的双轴向拉伸存在一定程度的撕裂现象.     

锂离子电池用PSA/PET/PSA复合无纺布隔膜结构与电解质吸附性能

以聚酯(PET)无纺布为基体材料,通过静电纺丝将聚芳砜(PSA)纳米纤维修饰到PET无纺布表面,得到PSA/PET/PSA复合锂离子电池隔膜。通过扫描电子显微镜表征、接触角测试、电解质渗透试验、隔膜孔隙率和电解质保有率测试,以及电解质吸咐试验,对复合隔膜的结构及电解质吸附性能进行研究。结果表明:具有纳米孔结构的PSA静电纺丝层与微米孔结构的基体材料成功复合并得到"三明治结构"的复合隔膜,其具有三维贯通的孔结构。电解质在隔膜中的突破压力为127.2 Pa,突破压力下电解质流速为0.019 57 cm3/s,以此计算得到复合隔膜突破孔隙半径为286.0μm,突破孔隙有效长度为0.24μm。复合隔膜电解质保有率(338%)相比商用聚丙烯(PP)隔膜(163%)提高了107%。电解质吸附行为研究得到复合隔膜电解质扩散系数为0.226 1,比商用PP隔膜(0.003 4)提高了近66倍。     

熔融电纺制备PE/PP共混纤维

针对聚乙烯（PE）与聚丙烯（PP）共混体系熔融电纺，研究了PE／PP的质量比和接收距离对熔融电纺纤维形貌和直径的影响．结果表明，稀释剂的作用使电纺PE／PP纤维的表面较为粗糙，提高接收速度有助于减少粗糙程度，也可使纤维直径下降．差示扫描量热测试结果表明，电纺PE／PP纤维中PE和PP的结晶程度随PE／PP质量比的不同而变化较大．由于不使用溶剂，熔融电纺可望成为超细纤维形成的实用方法．     

静电场对大鼠皮肤角质层结构的调控

用热融法将多孔聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)制备多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体,通过表面电位衰减测量研究多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体的电荷储存稳定性;借助于电子显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观察静电场对大鼠皮肤角质层结构的影响,探讨静电场促进药物透皮吸收的作用机制.结果表明:1)多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体具有良好的电荷储存稳定性;2)静电场能有效改变皮肤角质层层状类脂的有序排列.     

厚度对多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体电荷储存稳定性的影响

研究由不同厚度多孔聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)组成的多孔PTFE/聚乙烯(PE)/聚丙烯(PP)驻极体的电荷储存稳定性.通过热融法和电晕充电技术将多孔PTFE,PE,PP复合膜制备成驻极体,并采用等温表面电位衰减测量、电荷TSD和扫描电子显微镜研究多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体的电荷储存稳定性.结果表明:较厚的多孔PTFE组成的多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体在低温区呈现出较好的电荷储存能力;多孔PTFE的孔洞越多,由其组成的多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体在高温区的电荷储存能力越强;在高湿环境下,多孔PTFE/PE/PP驻极体比多孔PTFE驻极体显示出更好的电荷储存稳定性.     

P（BA—co—AA）—g（PMMA—GMA）三元接枝共聚物及其锌离聚体共混研究

利用P（BA－co-AA)-g-(PMMA-GMA)三元接枝共聚物及其锌离子聚合体，在布拉本达密炼机内与聚环氧乙烷（PEO），聚乙烯（PE），聚丙烯（PP），聚氯乙烯（PVC）进行机械共混，得到一系列共浊物，讨论表征了所得共混物的力学性能，解释了共混物中出现的协同效应，抵消效应。     

PP和PE对废旧聚丙烯塑料的改性研究

以废旧聚丙烯为基体材料,加入不同比例的PP和PE进行增强和增韧改性,形成新的复合材料。研究了PP和PE的不同加入量对复合材料各种力学性能的影响,并对其微观结构进行分析。结果表明:当废塑料/PP/PE为100/20/10时,复合材料具有较好的综合力学性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with