非晶碳化硅薄膜的制备方法及光学性质

本文介绍了为开发大面积非晶碳化硅发光器件而研制的等离子体辉光放电淀积装置及非晶碳化硅薄膜的淀积方法,以及利用透射光谱同时测量薄膜厚度与光学常数的方法,并对生长薄膜的光学性质利用吸收光谱和场致发光谱进行了讨论。     

孔隙率对氧化锌/多孔硅光致发光的影响

用电化学方法制备不同孔隙率的多孔硅,然后用脉冲激光沉积的方法,以多孔硅为衬底生长氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜,研究多孔硅的孔隙率对ZnO薄膜的质量和光致发光谱的影响,用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜表征ZnO薄膜的结构性质.结果表明,当多孔硅的孔隙率较大时,沉积的ZnO薄膜为非晶结构.沉积上ZnO薄膜之后,多孔硅的发光谱蓝移,由于ZnO薄膜缺陷较多,其深能级发光较强.ZnO的深能级发光与多孔硅的橙红光相叠加,得到了可见光区宽的光致发光带,呈现白光发射.     

激光辐照加工的硅氧化结构的受激发光(英文)

我们用1064nm脉冲激光在硅表面加工出小孔结构,再作高温退火处理形成硅氧化纳米结构,发现该结构在692和694nm波长处有很强的光致受激发光(PL).通过进一步实验发现:该PL发光有明显的阈值表现和光泵线性增强效应,证明该PL发光确实是光致受激辐射.我们提出氧化界面态模型来解释光致受激发光机理,在氧化界面态与价带顶空穴态之间形成粒子数反转.这项工作为硅基上发光器件的光电子集成研发开辟了新的途经.     

多孔硅激光

我们用波长为1064nm的纳秒脉冲激光在硅表面打出小孔结构,然后再做高温退火处理形成了硅的纳米氧化低维结构.在514nm激光泵浦下,发现该结构在700nm和750nm处有很强的受激辐射发光(PL).实验中发现:该PL发光有明显的阈值表现和激光增强效应,证明该PL发光确实是光致受激发射.计算給出氧化界面态模型来解释该光致受激发光机理,其中Si=O和Si-O-S的键合可以产生氧化陷阱态,关键在于该氧化陷阱态与价带顶空穴态之间能够形成粒子数反转.为硅基上激光器件的光电子集成研发开辟了新的途经.     

石墨烯在光电器件中的应用

 讨论了近年来石墨烯在太阳能电池、有机发光二极管以及场致发射器件方面的应用研究。石墨烯是碳的同素异形体的一种,是二维的薄膜材料,具有独特的导电特性及机械弯曲性能,可以作为太阳能电池、有机发光器件的柔性电极;石墨烯与有机聚合物材料复合可以形成大的给体受体界面,有利于太阳能电池中激子的扩散速率、载流子迁移率的提高,可以作为有机太阳能电池的电子受体材料;石墨烯具有一维尖锐的刀口状边缘,具有大的电场增强系数,同时由于石墨烯自身的良好导电能力,可以作为场致发射器件中的电子传导与电场发射材料。石墨烯在光电器件中应用的深入研究有望突破目前光电技术的发展瓶颈,是一个极具前景的新研究领域。     

反应气压对氢化非晶氮化硅薄膜的发光特性影响

采用螺旋波等离子体增强化学气相沉积(HWP-CVD)技术制备了氢化非晶氮化硅(a-SiNx:H)薄膜,利用光致发光谱(PL)和傅里叶红外吸收谱(FTIR)研究了不同气压条件下所形成薄膜的发光特性.结果表明,在较高气压条件下,所沉积薄膜的发光峰位在2.5 eV附近;减小气压使薄膜的沉积速率下降,其内部原子微观结构发生变化,薄膜的发光峰位在3.05 eV处,其半高宽为1.48 eV.     

微腔反射率对有机电致发光器件性能的影响

有机电致发光器件的法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot)谐振腔的光学微腔效应,导致在一定波长处的发射峰强度增强、宽度压窄、发光性能得到改善,因而在有机彩色显示中受到人们的重视。设计了具有不同反射率的两种分布布拉格反射镜(DBR:D istributed B ragg Reflectors),用8羟-基喹啉铝(A lq3)作为电子传输/发光层,N,N′-双(1-萘基)-N,N′-二苯基-1,1′-二苯基-4,4′-二胺(NPB)作为空穴传输层,通过DBR与金属电极反射镜构成法布里-珀罗谐振腔制成了微腔有机发光二极管(MOLED:M icrocavity O rgan ic L ight-Em ittingD iode),详细研究了介质镜(DBR)的反射率、金属镜和有机层的厚度对电致发光效率、发光波长以及光谱半高宽的影响。研究发现,高反射率的DBR虽然可以实现窄的光谱发射,但器件的电致发光效率大大降低,而低反射率的DBR有利于实现单模发射,并且具有较高的电致发光效率,经金属镜和有机层厚度优化后的最大电致发光效率达到了8.3 cd/A,是高反射率DBR微腔器件的6.4倍。     

硅基Ⅳ族材料外延生长及其发光和探测器件研究进展

硅基光电集成回路是信息时代最具影响力的核心技术之一,由硅基光源、光电探测器、光调制器等模块组成.硅材料是微电子集成电路的基石,然而在光电集成方面却遇到了瓶颈.首先,由于硅是间接带隙材料,其发光效率极低,因此难以应用于硅基高效光源的研制.其次,硅在近红外通讯波段吸收系数很低,因此在近红外光电探测器的应用中具有较大的局限性.然而,研究者发现,通过能带工程将硅与其他Ⅳ族材料相融合不仅可以有效提高直接带高效发光效率,同时能使材料在近红外波段具有较高的吸收系数.因此,以Ⅳ族材料为基础,与硅工艺兼容的硅基光电集成回路引起了研究者的广泛关注.本文综述了课题组在硅基材料外延生长及其发光和探测器件方面的研究进展.介绍了硅基Ⅳ族材料Ge,SiGe/Ge异质结和量子阱材料的外延生长技术,以及硅基GeSn量子点发光材料的制备新方法.基于硅基Ⅳ族异质结构材料,发展调制金属与半导体接触势垒高度新机理,研制了多种结构的光电探测器.设计并制备了与互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,CMOS)结构兼容的横向异质结以及双有源区垂直共振腔型两种结构硅基电致发光器件,有效提升器件的发光性能,并观察到应变锗发光增益现象.     

薄膜ZnS：Er^3＋的近红外发光

报道了用分舟热蒸发法研制的掺铒硫化锌薄膜器件的电致近红外发光特性，用Ｘ射线衍射技术对薄膜的微观结构进行研究，指出了掺铒薄膜发光与薄膜微结构的关系．     

体硅阳极和薄膜微晶硅阳极聚合物顶发光白光器件

分别以p型体硅和p型薄膜微晶硅为阳极, 以掺入MEH-PPV的PFO为发光层, 以透明金属Sm/Au为阴极, 制作了顶发光白光器件。器件结构是: 硅阳极/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV:PFO/Cs₂CO₃/Sm/Au。通过调节MEH-PPV在PFO中的质量百分比, 改进了白光器件的发射色度。当MEH-PPV的质量百分比为0.13%时, 发光在白光范围, CIE色坐标为(0.372, 0.391)。研究了器件发光效率对体硅阳极电阻率的影响, 当体硅阳极电阻率为0.079 Ω•cm时, 器件电流效率和功率效率都达到极大, 分别是0.191 cd/A和0.131 lm/W。以金属Ni诱导硅晶化的薄膜微晶硅为阳极, 通过调节Ni层厚度, 优化器件效率。当Ni层厚度为2 nm时, 薄膜硅阳极器件的电流效率和功率效率分别达到最大值: 0.371 cd/A和0.187 lm/W, 相对于最佳电阻率体硅阳极器件分别提高了94%和43%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that