ATO纳米棒的水热法制备及其性能

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用水热法制备了锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)纳米棒,产物的电阻率约为100Ω·cm.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱(EDS)对产物的形态结构进行表征,结果发现,随着反应时间的延长,ATO纳米棒直径不变,长度逐渐增大,长径比(L/D)逐渐增大;随着反应物SnCl4浓度的升高,ATO纳米棒的直径和长度均增大,L/D基本不变.简单阐述了ATO纳米棒的形成机理,并对反应条件对纳米棒L/D的影响进行了探索.     

纳米级xSb2O3·(1-x)SnO2导电颜料的制备及烧结动力学

高分子绝缘材料的广泛运用给工业生产和人们生活带来了极大的方便,其静电效应也带来了严重的危害.纳米级xSb2O3·(1-x)SnO2导电颜料属于半导体材料,作为一种颜料添加于涂料中,涂覆于绝缘制品表面,使其具有导电、抗静电和屏蔽电磁波等功能.以尿素为沉淀剂,利用均匀沉淀法制备出纳米级xSb2O3·(1-x)SnO2导电颜料,粒径约为10nm左右,电阻率为36.70Ω·cm;研究了沉淀剂、反应温度、Sn4 /Sb3 摩尔比等最佳工艺参数选择;SO42-离子引入对掺锑SnO2(ATO)电性能、粒径大小及形貌的影响;建立了ATO前驱体烧结过程的反应动力学模型,进而估算烧结反应的活化能为67.793kJ/mol.     

聚丙烯酰胺对锑掺杂二氧化锡前驱体的后处理

以SnCl4·5H2O,SbCl3和(NH4)2CO3为基本原料,采用湿化学法制各锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米粉体.研究絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)前驱体的同液相分离过滤速度和产物ATO粒径的影响及其相互作用机理.借助透射电镜(TEM)、热重一差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)等进行表征.研究结果表明:采用适量PAM对纳米ATO前驱体进行絮凝处理,不但能显著提高纳米ATO前驱体的固液相分离速度,缩短分离过滤时间,且能有效地抑制硬团聚的形成;采用非离子聚丙烯酰胺对纳米ATO前驱体进行絮凝处理,分离过滤时间仅为原来的1/10,所得产物平均粒径小于10nm.     

ATO隔热透明原位复合薄膜的制备与性能

通过原位复合方法制备出氧化锡锑/氧化石墨烯/聚酰亚胺(ATO/GO/PI)复合薄膜,并分析薄膜组成对其光学性质的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见(UV-Vis)和红外反射光谱仪探究薄膜的微观形貌、紫外可见透过率及红外反射率.结果表明:当ATO、GO含量分别为0.6%、0.016%时,ATO/GO/PI复合薄膜结构为无定形态,此时ATO、GO纳米颗粒均匀分散在PI基体中,此类复合薄膜的红外反射率达86%,400~800nm波段透过率达97%,300~350nm紫外光透过率为0%.     

Sb掺杂SnO2纳米颗粒的微波辅助溶剂热合成

在密闭反应容器中,通过微波辐照加热SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3的乙醇溶液制备Sb掺和SnO2(ATO)纳米晶颗粒.研究前驱溶液的浓度变化对ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌的影响,并对ATO纳米晶体和纳米颗粒的形成机制进行了初步探索.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、傅立叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)和氮吸附比表面积测定仪(BET)对试样进行了表征.当前驱溶液浓度由0.05mol/L增加到1.0mol/L,ATO纳米晶(5nm)逐渐团聚并生长成较大的纳米颗粒(50nm).结果表明,通过改变前驱溶液的浓度,可控制ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌.     

六方相NaSmF_4纳米棒的水热合成与发光性能

采用EDTA辅助水热法,在较低的温度下合成了形貌规则的六方相Na Sm F4纳米棒。分别采用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、稳态荧光光谱仪等对合成的样品的结构、形貌和发射光谱进行表征。XRD分析表明产物为纯净的六方相结构;FESEM和TEM分析表明产物形貌为单一的、均匀的六棱柱纳米棒,端面直径约为80 nm、长度约为500 nm;分析了Na Sm F4纳米棒可能的生长机理;研究了发射光谱(λex=400 nm)分析表明其在560 nm,593 nm,640 nm和703 nm处存在较强的发光峰,其中最强峰为593 nm处。     

前驱物中温固相法合成硼酸镍纳米棒

以草酸为结构导向剂,硝酸镍、硼酸为原料,室温同相反应得到前驱物,将前驱物于750℃焙烧得到硼酸镍纳米棒．采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和红外光谱（FT～IR）对产物结构和形貌进行表征．结果表明产物为分布均匀的Ni3（BO3）。纳米棒,纳米棒长度受硝酸镍和硼酸的物质的量之比影响,比例越小,长度越大．当n（H3BO3）／n（Ni（NO3）2）为4：1时,纳米棒直径为300-400nm,长度为3～4μm     

微波辅助合成一维氧化锌纳米棒及其表征

采用微波辅助快速高效制备出具有高比表面积的花状结构一维氧化锌纳米棒.初步探讨了醋酸锌与六亚甲基四胺(HMTA)投料比、氨水(或氢氧化钠)的用量和微波加热时间对最终产物的形貌及粒径分布的影响.合成样品通过X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)等方法对其结构、组成及形貌进行了表征,结果显示:氧化锌纳米棒为纯六方纤锌矿晶体结构,纳米棒直径为30～45 nm,长1～2μm.     

共沉淀法制备LaPO4：Ce，Tb纳米棒及其发光性能

采用共沉淀法合成了LaPO4：Ce,Tb纳米棒,利用XRD和SEM分别测试了样品的物相结构及形貌,用荧光光谱仪测试了样品的激发光谱和发射光谱,研究了不同Ce^3＋含量对LaPO4：Cex,Tb0.06纳米棒发光性能的影响。结果表明：LaPO4：Ce,Tb样品为独居石结构,属于单斜相;样品呈棒状,其长度为100～1000nm,宽度为11～82nm;LaPO4：Ce,Tb纳米棒的最强发射波长为544nm。     

ATO粉体的制备工艺及其导电性能的研究

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备纳米ATO粉体,考察了pH值、氨水体积比、锑的掺杂量、煅烧温度及煅烧时间对粉体导电性能的影响.运用DDS-12A型数显电导率仪测试了ATO粉体的电导率,运用了X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试方法对粉体的晶型、粒径及形貌进行了表征.研究结果表明,氨水体积比为1∶3,pH值为8,煅烧温度600℃,煅烧时间4 h时所制备的纳米ATO粉体电导率值最大,即导电性能最佳.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that