草鱼线粒体DNA酶切图谱的研究

用１０种限制性内切酶对草鱼肝脏线粒体ＤＮＡ进行了分析，其分子太小约１６．５８ｋｂ．ＰｓｔＩ，ＢａｍＨＩ，ＸｂａＩ，ＢｇｌＩ，ＨｉｎｄⅢ，ＢⅡ，ＰｖｕⅡ，ＸｈｏⅠ，ＥｃｏＲⅠ，ＳａｌⅠ在草鱼ｍｔＤＮＡ分子上分别具有２，３，３，４，７，３，６，２，４及０个切点。根据单酶解及双酶解结果建立了草鱼ｍｔＤＮＡ的限制性酶切图谱。     

小灵猫华东亚种线粒体DNA限制性位点图

提纯了小灵猫华东亚种（ＶｉｖｅｒｒｉｃｕｌａｉｎｄｉｃａｐａｌｉｄａＧｒａｙ）的肝脏ｍｔＤＮＡ．用ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＢｇｌⅡ、ＥｃｏＲⅤ、ＨｐａⅠ、ＫｐｎⅠ、ＭｌｕⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＰｖｕⅡ、ＳａｃⅡ、ＳａｌⅠ和ＸｈｏⅠ等１１种识别６碱基对的限制性内切酶对小灵猫华东亚种ｍｔＤＮＡ进行消化分析，１１种限制性内切酶均有１～５个位点；根据单酶消化和双酶消化片段的数目和分子量，构建了小灵猫华东亚种ｍｔＤＮＡ限制性位点图     

高等真菌LMPQ39基因文库的构建

以噬菌体λＥＭＢＬ３ＤＮＡ为载体，用ＢａｍＨＩ／ＥｃｏＲＩ双切酶切后，与Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ部分酶切的１０－２１ｋｂＤＮＡ片段连接，体外包装，感染Ｅ·ｃｏｌｉＬＥ３９２，所得重组子数为２．２１×１０４ｐｆｕ，超过建库所需的理论值．随机挑选的１４个克隆子，其ＤＮＡ用ＢａｍＨＩ酶切，有９个出现了不同于载体ＤＮＡ的酶切带型．     

长吻Wei肝脏线粒体DNA的研究

采用密度梯度离心法及ＤＮａｓｅ Ｉ、ＲＮａｓｅ消化法制备并纯化了长吻Ｗｅｉ肝脏线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔ ＤＮＡ）。用９种限制性内切酬谢ｍｔ ＤＮＡ进行了分析。Ｘｈｏ Ⅰ，Ｂｇｌ Ⅱ、ＥｃｏＲ Ⅰ、Ｐｓｔ Ⅰ、Ｂｇｌ Ⅰ、ＢａｍＨ Ⅰ、Ｈｉｎｄ Ⅲ、Ｓａｌ Ⅰ在长吻Ｗｅｉ ｍｔＤＮＡ分子上分别具１、３、３、２、１、２、４、７、０个切点。ｍｔ ＤＮＡ分子量约１０．３１×１０＾６道尔顿，大小为１６．６９ｋｂ。根据     

人红细胞生成素受体膜外结构域在大肠杆菌中的融合表达及其纯化

将插入ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｂｅ的人红细胞生成素受体ｃＤＮＡ,用ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ酶解,分离得到的基因片段,插入到经ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＲａｍＨＩ消解的表达载体ｐＧＥＸ－３Ｘ中,得到重组表达质粒ｐＧＥＸ－３Ｘ／ｈＥＰＯＲ。重组质粒ｐＧＥＸ－３Ｘ／ｈＥＰＯＲ含有ｔａｃ启动子,ＥＰＯＲ膜外结构域基因５端与谷胱甘肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ）编码基因融合,阳性重组子在大肠杆菌中经ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达ＧＳＴ－ｈＥＰＯＲ,重组表达菌裂解上清液经ＧＳＨ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ亲和柱一步纯化,能除去绝大部分杂蛋白,基本达到纯化的效果。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和免疫杂交分析显示,重组表达产物确系人红细胞生成素受体     

水稻广陆矮4号基因文库的构建及U2snRNA基因的筛选

水稻广陆矮４号黄化苗总ＤＮＡ经Ｓａｕ３Ａ部分酶切，回收１２－２３ｋｂ片段，经ＣＩＰ脱磷后克隆于ＥＭＢＬ３载体，建立了水稻基因文库。以拟南芥的Ｕ２．２ｓｎＲＮＡ基因为探针，从基因文库中筛选到１３个阳性克隆，经不同酶切鉴定，初步判断有８种不同的克隆，对其中一个克隆ＦＤＲＧＵ２－３的重组ＤＮＡ构建了物理图谱，Ｕ２ｓｎＲＮＡ的一个基因已经定位在该克隆中１．５ｋｇ的Ｓａｌ－Ｉ－ＢａｍＨＩ酶片段上。     

萝卜叶绿体rbcL基因定位及ctDNA基因文库的构建

用改进的高离子强度法分离的萝卜叶绿体经ＳＤＳ６０℃裂解，抽提的ｃｔＤＮＡ只需简单纯化即可用于酶切分析，萝卜ｃｔＤＮＡ用４种限制性内切酶ＢａｍＨＩ，ＰｓｔＩ，ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＥｃｏＲⅠ分别进行单酶完全酶解，推算其分子量和长度分别为８２．５×１０６６Ｔ １２５ＫＢ。     

长爪沙鼠线粒休DNA限制物理图谱的研究

长爪沙鼠线粒体ＤＮＡ经分离提纯，采用ＢｚｍＨＩ，ＢｇｌⅡ，ＥｃｏＲⅠ和＊ＰｓｔⅠ四种内切酶对１３只长爪鼠ｍｔＤＭＡ进行了酶切分析。其中大多数长爪沙鼠酶切图谱相同，用上述四种酶切分别产生１、５、６、和３个片段，我们称之为Ａ型；另３只氏爪沙鼠经ＢｇｌⅡｉ和ＥｃｏＲ酶切后分别产生４个片段，称为Ｂ型。利用λ—ＤＮＡＨｉｎｄⅢ、ΦＸ—ｌ７４ＨＡＥⅢ、λ—ＤＮＡＢｓｔＥⅡ酶切片段作为标准，以琼脂糖凝胶电泳法测出长爪沙鼠ｍｔＤＮＡ内切片段大小，各种酶切片段分子量加起来均为１６．０５ｋｂ。经多次ＢａｍＨⅠ对ｍｔＤＮＡ单酶切，发现只有一个切点，以此切点为零点，分别与其它三种酶组合进行双酶切时，均未改变原来各酶单酶切片段大小，这说明另外三个酶均有一个切点接近零点。我们根据双酶解和不完全酶解片段的大小分析确定了各酶切片段之间的相对位置，绘制了ｍｔＤＮＡ的物理图谱。本次得到的长爪沙鼠的ｍｔＤＮＡ物理图谱是以ＢａｍＨⅠ酶切点为零点，ＰｓｔⅠ酶切片段ｃ→ａ为顺时针方向，由四种内切酶对ｍｔＤＮＡ的水解结果而得到的１５个片段组成，其中大部内切酶切点的相对位置是用双酶解结果来定位的，小部分切点（６个）则是利用不完全酶解结果定位的。１５个位点     

斜纹夜蛾NPV多角体基因的克隆和部分测序

本文对ＳＩＮＰＶ基因组作了酶解分析，测得其基因组大小为１４５ｋｂ，并用双酶法确定了ＳＩＮＰＶ基因组的ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＰｓｔⅠ物理图谱。以含ＡｃＮＰＶ多角体基因的质粒ｐＡＣ－Ⅰ的ＳａｌＩ－Ｃ片段为探针，对ＳＩＮＰＶＤＮＡ酶切片段ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ转印杂交结果，初步判断多角体基因定位于ＰｓｔＩ－Ｂ／Ｃ／Ｄ片段、ＢｇｌⅡ－Ｃ／Ｄ片段、ＢａｍＨＩ－Ｂ／Ｃ片段和ＥｃｏＲＩ－Ａ／Ｂ片段上，且ＳＩＮＰＶ与ＡｃＮＰＶ多角体蛋白基因有６４％的同源性，而以大肠仟菌质粒ｐＵＣ１９为载体对ＳＩＮＰＶ的多角体基因试克隆，得到带有ＢｇｌⅡ－ＰｓｔⅠ双酶切片段的２个克隆子。对这两个杂交阳性克隆子之一的核苷酸序列测定，表明插入片段与ＢｍＮＰＶ多角体基因上游序列亦有一定同源性。     

牛酪蛋白cDNA基因克隆的改建

牛酪蛋白全长ｃＤＮＡ克隆ｐＢａＳ１ｃ１８４Ｘ ＧＬⅢ和ＣＯｒＩ双酶切，回收基中的酪蛋白基因编码片段，与经ＢａｍＨＩ，ＳｍａＩ双酶切的植物表达载体ｐＢＩ１２．１２分两步连接；第一步载体的ＢａｍＨＩ末端与酪蛋白基因的ＢｇｌⅡ粘性末端连接；第二步用Ｔ４ＤＮＡ多聚酶补平酪蛋白基因的ＥｃｏＴＲⅠ末端，再与载体ＳｍａⅠ进行平末端连接而环化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that