Catecholamines of the spinal cord normally and after transection

Zusammenfassung Der Noradrenalingehalt im Rückenmark des Kaninchens beträgt 0.15 µg/g. Eine Querschnittsläsion durch das Rückenmark führt zu einer 90%igen Abnahme des Noradrenalingehaltes. Dies legt die Annahme nahe, dass Noradrenalin in Nervenzellen des Zentralnervensystems lokalisiert ist. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Untersuchern fanden wir im Rückenmark kein Dopamin.

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The work has been supported by grants from the Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force and the Swedish Medical Research Council.     

5-Hydroxytryptamine of the spinal cord normally and after transection

Zusammenfassung Der 5-Hydroxytryptamingehalt im Rückenmark des Kaninchens ist 0,26 µg/g. Querschnittsläsion durchs Rückenmark führt zu einer 85prozentigen Abnahme des 5-Hydroxytryptamingehaltes. Es wird darum angenommen, dass 5-Hydroxytryptamin in Nervenzellen des Zentralnervensystems lokalisiert ist.     

Protection by cerium chloride on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity

Summary Pretreatment of rats with cerium chloride, an inhibitor of the DMES, protects against CCl₄ intoxication. The protection was obtained against the fatty infiltration in the liver, the decrease of triglyceride secretion from the liver into the plasma compartment, the polysomal disaggregation and the rise of serum transaminases.     

Response of respiration to selective heating of the spinal cord below partial transection

Conclusions The experiments indicate that the signals arising from thermal stimulation of the spinal cord are conducted to higher spinal and to supraspinal thermoregulatory effector systems by afferent fibers which run in the ventrolateral, but not in the dorsal portions of the spinal ascending tracts. This corresponds to the observation ofWünnenberg andBrück that shivering induced by external cooling is not inhibited by heating the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord, if the ventral funiculi are transected at a higher cervical level. -These findings are parallel to the observation that the inhibitory effect on shivering of skin pressure is no longer present after contralateral transection of the ventrolateral funiculus at a higher level, i. e. after transection of the so-called ventral spinothalamic tract. Likewise, it has been observed that modifications of electrocortical activity following thermal stimulation of the skin or following changes of environmental temperature are abolished, if the ventrolateral funiculi are transected at the cervical level. -It may be suggested, therefore, that the afferent signals arising from spinal thermosensitive structures might follow the same ascending pathway as do the discharges of peripheral thermodetectors.

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Zusammenfassung Der Einfluss thermischer Reizung des Rückenmarks unterhalb einer Teildurchschneidung in Höhe von Th 4–Th 11 auf Atmung, Hautdurchblutung und motorische Aktivität wurde an leicht narkotisierten Kaninchen untersucht. Mittels Marchi-Färbung einige Tage nach Durchschneidung wurden die ausgeschalteten afferenten Bahnen ermittelt. Nach Durchschneidung der Hinterstränge und anschliessender Abschnitte der Seitenstränge konnte durch Rückenmarkwärmung unterhalb der Durchschneidung eine thermische Tachypnoe und eine Hautvasodilatation oberhalb der Durchschneidung ausgelöst werden. Diese Reaktion war nach Durchschneidung der Vorderseitenstränge erloschen.

     

Protection by cerium chloride on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.

Pretreatment of rats with cerium chloride, an inhibitor of the DMES, protect against CCl4 intoxication. The protection was obtained against the fatty infiltration in the liver, the decrease of triglyceride secretion from the liver into the plasma compartment, the polysomal disaggregation and the rise of serum transaminases.     

Silymarin verhindert die Lipidperoxidation bei der CCl4-Leberschädigung

Summary Silymarine-N-methylglucamine-salt has a pronounced high antioxidative function against microsomal lipid peroxidation, associated with liver injury by CCl₄.     

Activation of amino acids in the liver in CCl4 intoxication

Riassunto La reazione di attivazione degli aminoacidi è significativamente diminuita nel fegato di ratti nelle prime ore dopo la somministrazione di CCl₄. Questa alterazione si accorda con la dimostrata diminuzione delle sintesi proteiche e può rappresentare uno dei fattori primitivi e principali nella genesi delle modificazioni biochimiche e morfologiche che si osservano in questa condizione patologica.     

Failure of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and trichlorobromo-methane (CCl3 Br) to alter polyribosomal profiles in the rat brain

Riassunto La disaggregazione dei polisomi di fegato di ratto trattato con CCl₄ o CCl₃Br non é riproducibile nei polisomi di cervello, neppure in animali pretrattati con fenobarbital.     

Depressed synthesis of DNA in regenerating rat liver after spinal cord (C7) transection

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass Querschnittläsion des Rückenmarkes in der Höhe C₇ bei Ratten nach partieller Hepatektomie zu bedeutender Hemmung der Auswertung von Thymidin für die DNS-Synthese in der regenerierenden Leber führt.     

Reversible inhibition by CCl4 of bile secretion during isolated liver perfusion

Zusammenfassung Durch kurzzeitige Applikation von gasförmigem Tetrachlorkohlenstoff während Leberperfusion tritt eine rasche und reversibel verlaufende Gallesekretionshemmung ein. Diese Hemmung könnte auf Veränderungen von Transport- oder Permeabilitätseigenschaften der Leberzellmembran durch CCl₄ zurückgeführt werden.     

Inhibitory effects of phenolic compounds on CCl4-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation

The antiperoxidative effects of 35 phenolic compounds, most of them belonging to the flavonoid class, were investigated using CCl4-induced peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. This system was rather insensitive to gallic acid, methyl gallate and ellagic acid. Nevertheless it was inhibited by flavonoids and structure/activity relationships were established. The most potent compounds were gardenin D, luteolin, apigenin (flavones), datiscetin, morin, galangin (flavonols), eriodictyol (flavanone), amentoflavone (biflavone) and the reference compound, (+)-catechin. The natural polymethoxyflavone gardenin D has shown a potency comparable to that of (+)-catechin and higher than that of silybin. Thus, it may be considered as a new type of natural antioxidant with potential therapeutical applications.     

Inhibitory effects of phenolic compounds on CCl4-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation

Summary The antiperoxidative effects of 35 phenolic compounds, most of them belonging to the flavonoid class, were investigated using CCl₄-induced peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. This system was rather insensitive to gallic acid, methyl gallate and ellagic acid. Nevertheless it was inhibited by flavonoids and structure/activity relationships were established. The most potent compounds were gardenin D, luteolin, apigenin (flavones), datiscetin, morin, galangin (flavonols), eriodictyol (flavanone), amentoflavone (biflavone) and the reference compound, (+)-catechin. The natural polymethoxyflavone gardenin D has shown a potency comparable to that of (+)-catechin and higher than that of silybin. Thus, it may be considered as a new type of natural antioxidant with potential therapeutical applications.     

Zur Leberregeneration der Ratte nach Teilhepatektomie während akuter CCl4-Intoxikation

Summary Following 2/3 hepatectomy + CCl₄, the labelling- (³H-thymidine) and mitosis-index of liver epithelia increases 8 h later than after an unique 2/3 hepatectomy, and the peak of compensatory regeneration is reached 16 h later. Then the curve declines and 48 h post operationem reparative regeneration due to CCl₄ necrosises starts.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Agar electrophoresis of soluble proteins isolated from cellular fractions of CCl4-treated rat liver

Riassunto Gli autori hanno studiato, mediante elettroforesi su agar, il comportamento delle proteine solubili isolate dalle diverse frazioni cellulari di epatociti di ratto, in corso di steatosi da CCl₄.A carico delle frazioni nucleare e mitocondriale è stata osservata una diminuzione dei componenti più e meno dispersi, con un raggruppamento in zone a motilità intermedia, pari a quella delle ₁-globuline sieriche o delle albumine, accanto ad una riduzione del numero dei componenti proteici chiaramente individuabili.Analoghe modificazioni sono state rilevate a carico dei componenti glico- e lipoproteici — nella sola frazione mitocondriale.