Effect of nerve regeneration factor on differentiation of PC12 cells and its signaling pathway

The effects of nerve regeneration factor (NRF) on neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells and its signaling pathway are investigated by morphological observation and immunofluorescent cytochemical method, and the activity of ERK1/2 in NRF-treated PC12 cells in absence of serum is also studied by immuno-coprecipitation and Western blot analysis. The MEK1/2-specific inhibitor U0126, the broad-spectrum protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor G?6983 and tyrosine protein kinase (TPK) inhibitor genistein were used to determine the roles of the activation of ERK1/2 by NRF and the involvement of certain kinds of PKC or TPK receptor in this activation process. The results show that U0126 and G?6983 inhibit the activation of ERK1/2 by NRF to different extents, while genistein has no effect on it, demonstrating that NRF remarkably induces neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells through activating ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.     

Effect of nerve regeneration factor on differentiation of PC12 cells and its signaling pathway

TraditionalChinesemedicinehasbeenusedforthousandsofyearsfortreatmentofvariousdiseasesandhasbeengraduallyacceptedbywesterncountries .Nerveregenerationfactor (NRF)isacomponentex tractedfromnervegrowthdecoction ,anoralliquidofChinesetraditionalmedicine (China patent :ZL9912 0 6 71.1) ,withthemaincomponentbelongingtoketosteriod ,whichhasbeenprovedbypreviousstud iestohaveeffectsofpromotingnervegrowthandpre ventingneuronapoptosis[1,2 ] .HereweinvestigatethesignalingpathwayofNRF ,inneuronaldiffer…     

Preparation of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with a mutation of human factor Ⅸ in large scale and its expression in vitro and in vivo

A series of adeno-associated viral vectors containing a mutation of human factor Ⅸ (hFⅨR338A) with different regulation elements were constructed and used to transduce cell lines. The plasmids and the stable transduction cell clones with high expression level of hFⅨR338A were obtained by selecting and optimizing, and then, the recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with hFⅨR338A was prepared via novel rHSV/AAV hybrid virus packaging system on a large scale, which contained the capsid protein genes. A method for producing rAAV-hFⅨR338A viral stocks on a large scale and higher titer was established, which can be used for industrial purpose. The titer of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was more than 1.25×10¹² particle/mL, and then, a mammalian cell line, C2C12 and the factor Ⅸ knock-out mice were transfected with the rAAV-hFⅨR338A in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the high-level expression of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was achieved in cell line and hemophilia B mice. It reached at (2551.32±92.14) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 cell in vitro and had a peak concentration of 463.28 ng/mL in mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨR338A, which was as high as the expression of rAAV-hFⅨ-wt (2565.76±64.36) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 and 453.92 ng/mL in the mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨ-wt) in vitro and in vivo, there is no any difference between two groups, but the clotting activity of hFⅨR338A is about 2.46 times higher than that of hFⅨ-wt. It was first reported that a mutation of human factor Ⅸ was used into gene therapy research for hemophilia B, meanwhile, a novel packaging system, rAAV/HSV was used for preparation of rAAV-hFⅨR338A on a large scale, which laid the foundation of industrial production for applying rAAV viral stocks to gene therapy clinical trial for hemophilia B mediated with rAAV-hFⅨ.     

A Coordination Model of Gene Sequences for SARS-CoV and its Receptor

IntroductionFrom the emergence of SARS CoV, manystudies havebeen done on its biological medicine aspects, such aspathogeny characteristics, mechanisms of causing disease,clinic diagnosis and treatment, bacterin development andthe spreading rules. At the level of molecule biology,studies have been done on its genome sequences characteristics, structures and functions of the translatedproteins, and the evolution relationships in sequences[1 5].The caus…     

Expression of PHGPx in mammalian cells and its antiviral effect against coxsackievirus group

To express human phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) in eukaryotic cells and to study its antiviral effect against Coxsackievirus B3m (CVB3m) in vitro， PHGPx cDNA was amplified from a human testis library using specific primers and cloned into expression vector pcDNA3.1His. Expression of PHGPx was performed in COS-1 cells. The antiviral effect was studied by the treatment of HeLa cells with the recombinant PHGPx. Results showed that the activity of PHGPx expressed in COS-1 cells was 5-fold higher than that in control group, and it inhibited the cytopathic effect on HeLa cells caused by CVB3m. It can be concluded that recombinant PHGPx expressed in COS-1 cells has antiviral effect against CVB3m in vitro.     

A novel permanent magnetic bearing and its anti-wear effect in impeller total artificial heart

A novel permanent magnetic bearing has been developed, which consists of two magnetic rings with differenl dimensions in the same direction of axial magnetization, located concentrically. Because of the effect of magnetic field, the magnetic rings keep a distance axially from each other. If the distance between the two rings changes, a rehabilitalion force is produced to return to the original po-sition. When this distance decreases, a repeiling force will be generated; its component in axial direction can be used as a magnetic spring and its radial component can function as a bearing. With this novel permanent magnetic bearing, an impeller totai artificial beart (TAH) is designed, manufactured and tested. The rotation is driven radially. On the left and right sides of the rotor magnets, two small magnetic rings are fixed onto the rotor, coupling with two big magnetic rings on both sides of the motor coil, to form the magnetic bearings. Hereby the bearings are used for wear reduction rather than rotor l     

Analysis on water potential of Populus euphratica oliv and its meaning in the lower reaches of Tarim River,Xinjiang

Combined with materials measured on leaves water potential of Populus euphratica oliv in the process of ecological water delivery in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the influence of ground-water depths and soil salinity on leaves water potential of P. euphratica was analyzed. We found that there was evident negative correlation between the leaves water potential of P. euphratica and ground-water depths. The deeper the ground-water depths were, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress P. euphratica suffered from. Besides, there was evident negative correlation between the soil salinity and the leaves water potential of P. euphratica. The bigger the soil salinity was, the lower the leaves water potential of P euphratica was, the more serious drought stress was indicated from which P. euphratica suffered. For sections rather distant for Daxihaizi Reservoir as well as for those places of wells rather distant from the river course, ground-water depths and the soil salinity were high; the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was low. The leaves water potential of P. euphratica can reflect the degree at which P. euphratica suffers from drought and salt stress, and has an important reference meaning in analyzing proper ground-water depths for the survival and growth of P. euphratic in the lower reaches of Tarim River.     

Analysis on water potential of Populus euphratica oliv and its meaning in the lower reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang

Combined with materials measured on leaves water potential of Populus euphratica ofiv in the process of ecological water delivery in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the influence of ground-water depths and soil salinity on leaves water potential of P. euphratica was analyzed. We found that there was evident negative correlation between the leaves water potential of P. euphratica and ground-water depths. The deeper the ground-water depths were, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress P. euphratica suffered from. Besides, there was evident negative correlation between the soil salinity and the leaves water potential of P. euphratica. The bigger the soil salinity was, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress was indicated from which P. euphratica suffered. For sections rather distant for Daxihaizi Reservoir as well as for those places of wells rather distant from the river course, ground-water depths and the soil salinity were high; the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was low. The leaves water potential of P. euphratica can reflect the degree at which P. euphratica suffers from drought and salt stress, and has an important reference meaning in analyzing proper ground-water depths for the survival and growth of P. euphratic in the lower reaches of Tarim River.     

Expression of PHGPx in mammalian cells and its antiviral effect against coxsackievirus group B

To express human phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) in eukaryotic cells and to study its antiviral effect against Coxsackievirus B3m (CVB3m) in vitro, PHGPx cDNA was amplified from a human testis library using specific primers and cloned into expression vector pcDNA3. I/His. Expression of PHGPx was performed in COS-1 cells. The antiviral effect was studied by the treatment of HeLa cells with the recombinant PHGPx. Results showed that the activity of PHGPx expressed in COS-1 cells was 5-fold higher than that in control group, and it inhibited the cytopathic effect on HeLa cells caused by CVB3m. It can be concluded that recombinant PHGPx expressed in COS-1 cells has antiviral effect against CVB3m in vitro.     

Least dissipation principle of heat transport potential capacity and its application in heat conduction optimization

The heat conduction following the Fourier law widely exists in nature and engineering. Usually, the thermal resistance is applied to evaluating the perform-ance of the heat conduction, i.e. the less resistance corre-sponds to the better performance. Therefore, the heat conduction is often enhanced by means of using high conductivity materials or reducing the thermal contact resistance. The more general performance criterion is the heat duty for the given temperature difference DT, or the temp…     

A study on in vitro and in vivo bioactivity of nano hydroxyapatite/polymer biocomposite

When bioactive materials are implanted in vivo, a bone-like apatite layer can be found on their surfaces, which is critical to the establishment of bone-bonding between materials and living tissues. In this study, bone-like apatite formation in vitro and in vivo on surface of nano apatite/polyamide (n-HA/PA66) composite was investigated, and the interface between the implanted composite and surrounding bone tissue of rabbit were also examined. The results revealed that in both simulated body fluids (SBF) and dorsal muscles of rabbit, bone-like apatite could form on the biocomposite surface. When the samples were implanted in cortical bone, they combined directly with the natural bone without fibrous tissue in-between. The results showed that the n-HA/PA66 biocomposite had excellent bioactivity, which might be a good candidate for bone defect replacement.     

A Model of Optimal Allocations of Physical Capital and Human Capital in Three Sectors

The paper develops an endogenous economic growth model about allcation of physical and human capital in three sectors. Optimal allocation of physical capital and human capital in three sectors is derived, the fraction of physical and human capital in each sector is positively related. The balanced values and the growth rates at steady state are given under certain conditions. Finally relations between the fractions of human capital and parameters are analyzed elaborately.     

Estimation of the rational water area for controlling wind erosion in the dried-up basin of the Ebinur Lake and its effect detection

The Ebinur Lake region was described as a ＂Green Labyrinth＂ in ＂Xinjiang Map Records： Records of Rivers＂ published in 1910, however, the ecology and environment in the region have been seriously degenerated due to the impacts of human activities during the recent 40 years. A dried-up lake basin with an area of 107.4 km^2 forms in its northwestern part, is covered by unconsolidated silt deposit without vegetation, and has become one of the main dust sources of dust weathers in north Xinjiang, and the dust with an annual amount of 4.8×10^6 t is blown out of the region by strong winds from the Alataw mountain-gap where there are 164 days occurring strong winds in a year. The rational water area and inflow of the Ebinur Lake for improving the ecology in the lake region and effectively controlling wind erosion in the dried-up lake basin are estimated using the water balance equation after analyzing the current ecological problems and the relationship between the granular composition of deposit in the dried-up lake basin and the dust weathers, and the ecological effects in recent years are monitored. It is considered that the water area of the Ebinur Lake for improving the ecology in the lake region and effectively controlling wind erosion in the dried-up lake basin should be 800 km^2at least, and the annual volume of surface runoff and groundwater recharging the lake should be over 7.92×10^8 m^3.     

A characterization of Nevanlinna class in the unit ball and its applications

A characterization of a holomorphic function lying in the Nevanlinna class of the unit ball of C n is given. As its application, the boundedness and compactness of the composition operator on the Nevanlinna class are discussed.     

A new species of Gobiconodon （Triconodonta, Mammalia） and its implication for the age of Jehol Biota

A new species of Gobiconodon is found from the Yixian Formation of western Liaonlng, China. The new taxa,G zofiae sp. nov., has a confluent opening for branches Ⅱand Ⅲ of the trigeminal nerve on the anterior lamina of the petrosal. G zofiae sp. nov. is similar to Repenomamus in having an ossified Meckel‘s cartilage connecting the lower jaws and ear region. The new species, with enlarged I^1/I1, posteriorly located infraorbital foramen and four mental foramina,distinctly differs from the other species of Gobiconodon. The new material indicates that Gobiconodon has four, not five,upper molariforms. The presence of Gobiconodon in Jchol Biota makes it possible to correlate Jehol Biota with faunas in eastern Asia and North America, and suggests the age of the Yixian Formation to be Early Cretaceous.     

Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of copper, nickel and bimetallic Cu– Ni nanoparticles for potential use in dental materials

The antibacterial effect is a desirable property in dental materials.Development of simple methods for the preparation of nanosized metal particles has attracted significant attention because of their future applications due to unusual size-dependent antibacterial properties.Copper(Cu),Nickel(Ni) and bimetallic Cu–Ni nanoparticles were prepared by a simple chemical method and their antibacterial activity was tested against the widely used standard human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus(gram-negative) and Escherichia coli(gram-positive).Additionally,these nanoparticles were tested against the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans.Our results are promising for potential use in dental materials science.     

Aerosol influence domain of Beijing and peripheral city agglomeration and its climatic effect

In recent years, along with development of industries and intensification of human activities, aerosol influ- ence and its climatic effect, and the aerosol-associated “aberrance” cloud phenomenon have increasingly drawn people’s attention. The term “A…     

Simulation of g factor for size optimization and coupling in phased array coil design

The effect of geometric parameters of the coil element in an array on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and g factor of parallel imaging are analyzed, and the optimal parameters for the maximal SNR and minimal g factor are also given in this paper. In addition, the effects of coupling on SNR and g factor have been analyzed. The test results indicate that g factor for parallel imaging is greatly increased and SNR is decreased for coupling. According to the optimization, a six-channel parallel coil has been designed for torso imaging.     

Subcellular localization of several heavy metals of Hg, Cd and Pb in human liver

Liver, as an important metabolic and detoxicological organ of human body, can be used as a good bioindicator for evaluating body burden of environmental pollutants. Its elemental contents and their chemical forms are closely related to the status of human health and disease. In this paper, the liver samples collected from normal subjects were separated to different subcellular fractions of nuclei, mitochondria, lysosome, microsome and cytosol by differential centrifugation. Then their concentrations of heavy metals of As, Pb, Cd, and Hg were determined by atomic absorption and atomic fluorescent spectroscopy. Our results show no significant difference with literature ones when comparing their gross concentrations. In the case of their subcellular distribution, the Hg concentrations are higher in mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic fractions; the Cd concentrations are higher in cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions, while As highest in nuclear fraction. The highest concentration of Pb is found in microsomal fraction with similarity to Fe. Mercury in liver is mainly in the form of inorganic, and methylmercury ranged from 9% to 50% with the average value of 20.9% 13.3%. These results indicate that the cellular distribution and the accumulated target organelles are quite different among these heavy metals, which suggest their various pathways and toxic mechanism in vivo.