基于混合协同过滤的个性化推荐方法研究

针对传统协同过滤算法存在的数据稀疏性和推荐范围问题,提出一种混合协同过滤推荐方法.该方法将两种传统算法结合,并综合考虑了项目标签属性等信息.首先利用基于项目的协同过滤算法生成预测评分,并替换原始用户-项目评分矩阵中的零值.其次利用基于用户的协同过滤算法计算填充后矩阵的用户相似度,以及预测评分并产生最终推荐.最后基于MovieLens数据集实验证明,该方法能够有效提高推荐精度,扩大推荐范围.     

基于项目类别相似性的协同过滤推荐算法

随着电子商务站点用户和商品项数量的不断增长,用户评分数据稀疏性问题成为基于项目的协同过滤推荐算法的瓶颈;文章提出了项目类别相似性的计算方法,并将项目类别相似性与传统的项目评分相似性进行加权组合,得到项目综合相似性,从而在提高最近邻居项目搜寻准确度的同时也缓解了数据稀疏性问题;实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高推荐质量.     

一种基于多属性评分的协同过滤算法

协同过滤算法是个性化推荐领域中使用最为广泛的算法,传统协同过滤算法是基于全部属性评分对项目进行推荐,而用户在项目选择或对项目满意度评价时主要关注项目的关键属性,因此传统协同过滤算法的推荐准确度和个性化服务水平不高.针对此问题,提出了一种基于多属性评分的协同过滤算法,文中算法通过获取用户对项目多个属性的评分,以准确描述用户的个性化偏好,再通过信息熵来对用户的历史属性评分变化幅度进行计算,同时对用户的属性评分相似性计算,从而对项目进行综合推荐.最后,经实验分析验证了所提算法切实可行.用户的历史属性评分反映了用户之前的评分习惯和对项目属性的个性化偏好,基于多属性评分的协同过滤推荐不仅能够提高推荐准确度,而且在一定程度上解决了数据稀疏问题.     

基于属性偏好和邻居信任度的协同过滤推荐算法

针对协同过滤算法推荐准确度低和数据稀疏的问题,提出了一种基于属性偏好和邻居信任度的协同 过滤算法,首先利用用户的非共同评分项评分和项目属性信息,构建用户-属性评分矩阵,再结合共同评分项的 评分计算相似度;然后利用K近邻方法获取用户的最近邻居;最后学习用户的属性偏好,结合提出的邻居信任度, 计算用户的预测评分.实验结果表明,该算法有效地利用了项目属性和用户更多的评分信息,缓解了数据稀疏的 问题,提高了推荐准确度.     

基于邻近项目的Slope One协同过滤算法

协同过滤是个性化推荐系统中的常用技术,数据稀疏性是影响协同过滤算法预测准确度的主要因素。提出了改进的Slope One算法,在该算法中,首先根据用户历史评分计算项目间相似性,然后依据项目相似性选取当前活跃用户评价过的k个相似项目记为邻近项目集合,并计算目标项目与其邻近项目的评分偏差,最后以项目间相似性为权重,计算当前活跃用户对目标项目的评分预测值。该算法使用邻近项目进行计算,降低数据的稀疏性,同时减少了计算量。使用标准MovieLens数据集对该算法的预测结果进行验证,结果表明：相对于原算法,该算法提高了预测的准确性,与其他协同过滤算法相比,推荐准确度也有明显的提高。     

一种综合用户和项目因素的协同过滤推荐算法

针对用户评分数据极端稀疏情况下传统协同过滤推荐算法的不足,提出了一种综合用户和项目因素的最近邻协同过滤推荐(HCFR)算法.该算法首先以一种改进的相似性度量方法(ISIM)为基础,根据当前评分数据的稀疏情况,动态调节相似度的计算值,真实地反映彼此之间的相似性.然后,在产生推荐时综合考虑用户和项目的影响因素,分别计算目标用户和目标项目的最近邻集合.最后,根据评分数据的稀疏情况,自适应地调节目标用户和目标项目的最近邻对最终推荐结果的影响权重,并给出推荐结果.实验结果表明,与传统的只基于用户或基于项目的推荐算法相比,HCFR算法在用户评分数据极端稀疏情况下仍能显著地提高推荐系统的推荐质量.     

基于项目语义的协同过滤算法

本文针对传统协同过滤算法存在的推荐精度低问题,提出了基于项目语义的协同过滤推荐算法。在项目相似性的计算过程中,融合了项目语义和历史评分数据两方面的信息,解决了传统算法中的数据稀疏性问题。在MovieLens数据集上的实验表明,该算法能够提高系统的推荐精度。     

一种改进的结合标签和评分的协同过滤推荐算法

推荐系统由于其数据量庞大的原因,已经成为大数据领域研究的一个热点.而协同过滤算法是推荐系统中最著名的算法之一.传统协同过滤算法在利用评分矩阵进行推荐时,面临数据稀疏性问题,从而严重影响推荐的质量.同时,推荐系统中存在大量的描述用户和产品属性特征的标签信息,把这些标签信息融入到传统的推荐算法中是解决稀疏性的一个有效方法.因此,针对稀疏性问题,本文提出了一种结合标签和评分的协同过滤推荐算法.该算法结合标签信息和评分数据共同计算用户之间或产品之间的相似性,进而为用户产生推荐.实验结果表明,本文提出的算法可以有效解决数据稀疏性问题,同时可以提高推荐系统的准确性.     

结合项目类别信息的协同过滤推荐算法

针对个性化推荐系统中协同过滤算法面临的数据稀疏问题以及用户相似性度量的不准确,提出了一种结合类别信息的协同过滤推荐算法。该算法利用用户评分数据计算用户之间对类别关注的相似性,并将用户对类别关注的相似性和用户评分相似性进行组合,得到用户综合相似性,从而提高了最近邻居搜索的准确度,缓解了数据稀疏性问题。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地避免传统相似性度量方法存在的问题,使得数据稀疏性对最终推荐结果的负面影响变小,在一定程度上提高系统的推荐精度。     

基于局部优化奇异值分解和K-means聚类的协同过滤算法

为了克服传统协同过滤(CF)推荐方法数据稀疏和可扩展性差的不足,该文提出1种基于局部优化降维和聚类的协同过滤算法。采用局部优化的奇异值分解(SVD)降维技术和K-均值(K-means)聚类技术对用户-项目评分矩阵中的相似用户进行聚类并降低维度。利用近似差分矩阵表示评分矩阵的局部结构,实现局部优化。局部优化的SVD降维技术可以利用更少的迭代次数缓解CF中数据稀疏和算法可扩展性差的问题。K-means聚类技术可以缩小邻居集查找范围,提高推荐速度。将该文算法与基于Pearson相关系数的协同过滤算法、基于SVD的协同过滤算法、基于K-means聚类的协同过滤算法相比较。在MovieLens数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法的平均绝对误差(MAE)较其他算法降低了大约12%,准确性(Precision)提高了7%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that