猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型的分离与鉴定

目的从临床疑似猫病毒性鼻气管炎的病例中分离猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型。方法用猫肾细胞(FK-81)对临床疑似猫病毒性鼻气管炎病猫的眼鼻分泌物进行分离培养,连续传4代,对获得的培养物进行了电子显微镜观察、血凝试验、病毒核酸型试验、理化特性试验以及PCR扩增和扩增产物基因测序鉴定。结果该病毒粒子呈球形,直径为160 nm左右,有囊膜。凝集猫红细胞,不凝集猪、兔、犬、小鼠和鸡的红细胞。病毒对乙醚、酸、热、胰蛋白酶敏感,其核酸型属DNA。PCR扩增为猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型阳性,扩增产物基因序列与Nunberg等报道猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型的基因序列同源性为100%(登录号:M26660)。结论在国内首次成功分离一株猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型,其形态、血凝性、理化特性、基因序列等与国外文献报道一致,为猫病毒性鼻气管炎病原学、疫苗免疫、诊断及分子生物学研究奠定基础。     

马铃薯病毒一步法RT-PCR诊断研究

运用一步法RT-PCR对马铃薯和烟草中的马铃薯X病毒、马铃薯Y病毒和马铃薯卷叶病毒进行了检测,实验表明:对酚-SDS方法提取的病毒核酸进行扩增,一步法RT-PCR检测到的扩增产物的灵敏度较两步法RT-PCR的高100倍左右.两种提取方法对比,用一步法RT-PCR进行扩增,检测到的PEG法扩增产物的灵敏度较酚-SDS法扩增产物的灵敏度高3倍.建立了快速、简便、灵敏度高、特异性强的马铃薯病毒一步法RT-PCR检测技术.     

猫传染性腹膜炎的研究进展

猫传染性腹膜炎病毒（FIPV）是猫冠状病毒家族的成员，猫传染性腹膜炎（FIP）难以治愈，死亡率高，虽然目前学术界对于FIP已取得了不少的研究进展，但却始终没有有效的、全面的诊断和治疗方法，针对FIPV感染的药物发展缓慢。详细介绍了FIP的发生机制、相关治疗方案以及相关治疗药物对FIP治疗的有效性和差异性。     

高致病性禽流感分子鉴别诊断方法的建立

为了快速、敏感、特异地鉴别诊断高致病性禽流感,根据H 5,H 7亚型禽流感病毒HA基因序列的保守区域设计出并合成两对特异性引物,利用这两对引物对H 5,H 7亚型禽流感病毒的HA基因片断进行二联RT-PCR扩增,并对二联RT-PCR检测方法进行敏感性及特异性试验。结果表明:这两对引物能特异性地扩增出H 5,H 7亚型禽流感病毒HA基因片段,大小分别为490 bp和375 bp;该检测方法敏感性高,特异性强;初步建立起快速、敏感、特异地鉴别检测H 5,H 7亚型高致病性禽流感病毒的分子诊断方法。     

犬瘟热病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立与应用

根据Barrett发表的犬瘟热病毒 (CDV)Onderstepoort弱毒株融合蛋白 (F)基因序列 ,设计合成了一对寡聚核苷酸引物 ,并以南京农业大学惠赠的Onderstepoort标准株反转录产物为模板 ,建立了CDV的RT PCR方法 ,并应用于CDV的诊断。结果表明 ,以该对引物 ,只能从CDV ONP标准株反转录产物中扩增出大小为 32 4bp的核苷酸片段 ,与理论设计值大小一致 ,而正常Vero细胞和同为副粘病毒科的新城疫病毒 (NDV)作为对照 ,病毒扩增结果为阴性。RT PCR可检出 1μl作 10 6倍稀释的CDV ONP标准株反转录产物 ,说明其具有很高的敏感性。应用试验结果 ,可从感染CDV犬的组织病料中提取RNA ,反转录产物中也扩增出 32 4bp的核苷酸片段。通过本研究不仅建立了敏感性、特异性好的CDV的RT PCR检测方法 ,也为F基因的克隆和序列测定及表达奠定了基础。     

应用二温式多重PCR技术鉴别鸡传染性支气管炎病毒和鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒

为了简化聚链反应（PCR）程序和加快检测速度,将二温式PCR与多重PCR结合起来,建立一种同是检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）和鸡传染性喉气炎病毒（ILTV）的二温式重PCR技术,试验根据IBV和ILTV的基因文库,设计2对分别与IBV和ILTV某段基因序列互补的引物。用这2对引物同一样品中的IBV、ILTV核酸模板进行二温式多重PCR扩增,结果均同时得到2条特异性大小与实验设计相符的1720bp(IBV)和647bp(ILTV）的扩增带,而对其他6种禽病病原的扩增结果均为阴性,敏感性测定结果表明明,该二温式多重PCR技术检出10pg的IBV RNA模板和10pg的ILTV DNA模板。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病的RT-PCR诊断方法的研究

在研究鸡法氏囊病毒(IBDV)的A片断cDNA结构的基础上,建立了RT-PCR早期诊断技术.结果表明,使用PrimerDesign引物设计软件,在VP5和VP2的重叠基因区设计的一对引物具有非常高的同源性和保守性.采用的四种IBDV的标准毒株、一种野毒株和一例病鸡标本通过此引物进行RT-PCR检测均得到了明显的阳性扩增结果.而两种其他鸡病病毒和一例健康鸡的法氏囊组织扩增均为阴性结果.     

大熊猫粪便样品中犬瘟热病毒的检测

根据GenBank中登录的犬瘟热病毒(CDV)N基因序列,设计合成1对特异性引物,以犬瘟热病毒疫苗中提取的RNA为阳性模板建立了快速检测CDV的RT-PCR方法,结果显示,所建立的CDV RT-PCR扩增得到与理论设计值大小一致的456 bp的特异性片段,对犬细小病毒(PPV)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)、牛轮状病毒(BRV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、大肠杆菌(E.coli)和新城疫病毒(NDV)的扩增结果均为阴性;最低可检出约1.53×10~2拷贝/μL的核酸;重复性试验结果表明,该方法检测重复性好.此方法对成都大熊猫繁育研究基地的37份眼观正常的大熊猫粪便样品检测,未检测出犬瘟热病毒,与胶体金试纸卡检测结果一致.     

猫细小病毒 PCR 检测方法的建立及初步应用

摘要: 目的 建立猫细小病毒 PCR 检测方法,应用于猫临床样本中 FPV 的快速检测。方法 根据已发表的 FPV VP2 基因序列设计合成引物,并以此建立 FPV 的 PCR 检测方法,并对方法的特异性、敏感性、稳定性等进行验证。 用建立的方法对 33 份猫临床样品进行检测。结果 建立的 FPV PCR 检测方法与猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(FHV-1)、猫冠 状病毒(FeCV)、猫合胞体病毒(FeSFV)、猫免疫缺陷病毒(FIV)均无交叉反应;可检测病毒最小滴度为 5lgTCID50 / mL,相应的 DNA 模板浓度为 4. 9 × 102 拷贝/μL;FPV DNA 在 － 30℃冰箱放置 12 个月仍可检测出目的条带。应用 该方法从 33 份猫临床样本中检测出 21 份 FPV 核酸阳性。结论 建立的 FPV PCR 检测方法具有特异、敏感及稳定 的特点,适合于临床 FPV 的感染检测。     

葡萄病毒B优化检测体系的建立

为了解决种苗检疫、抗病性早期鉴定等基本问题,为葡萄无毒化栽培的提供基本保障。本实验从感染葡萄病毒B的葡萄皮层中提取总RNA,以其为模板进行一步RT-PCR扩增,并利用此扩增产物为模板进行二次扩增,二者均能获得与预期片段大小一致长约460bp和243bp的扩增产物,在此基础上,建立了萄病毒B的一步RT-PCR、巢式PCR以及斑点杂交优化检测体系。利用本实验所建立的优化检测体系对葡萄样本进行检测,表现出了良好的特异性与稳定性。     

Disease-specific and tissue-specific production of unintegrated feline leukaemia virus variant DNA in feline AIDS

Feline leukaemia viruses (FeLVs) have long been known to be associated with induction of proliferative and anti-proliferative diseases of domestic cats. Strains of FeLV have been recognized which specifically induce lymphosarcoma, aplastic anaemia, myelodysplastic anaemia, and, recently, feline AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), a naturally occurring immunosuppressive syndrome strikingly similar to human AIDS which is lethal in 100% of inoculated and viraemic specific-pathogen-free (SPF) cats. Here, we have analysed FeLV DNA in tissues of 22 SPF cats that had been inoculated with the feline AIDS strain (FeLV-FAIDS) and we find two classes of viral DNA--a monotypic common form which is detectable in bone marrow regardless of disease state, and variant forms, recognizable by restriction site differences, whose appearance correlates with onset of disease symptoms and persists throughout the course of the disease. FeLV-FAIDS variant DNA is detected at high concentration (10-50 copies per cell) and principally as unintegrated viral DNA (UVD) in bone marrow of cats with feline AIDS. In marked contrast high levels of UVD were not present in cats in the terminal-stages of T-cell lymphosarcoma, aplastic anaemia, or myelodysplastic anaemia induced by other FeLV strains. These results parallel recent observations in humans, where high levels of UVD were sometimes found in cells derived from AIDS patients infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III)/lymph-adenopathy-associated virus (LAV), and suggest that persistence of unintegrated variant viral DNA is a crucial indicator of retrovirus-induced cytopathic disease syndromes such as AIDS.     

Isolation of a feline leukaemia provirus containing the oncogene myc from a feline lymphosarcoma

The molecular mechanism by which feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) induces lymphoid malignancy in domestic cats is largely unknown. Using the insertional activation model of c-myc by avian leukosis virus in the induction of bursal lymphoma in chickens, we have now characterized the c-myc locus in feline tissues and investigated the possibility that FeLV may also insert within feline c-myc. We used the 1.5 kilobase (kb) PstI fragment of MC29 v-myc in Southern blot analysis to characterize the structure of the c-myc locus in the DNA of 31 naturally occurring feline lymphomas. Analysis of a cloned c-myc gene from one lymphoma demonstrated that sequences homologous to v-myc occupy 2.6 kb of feline DNA in which a putative intron of 0.5 kb separates sequences homologous to the 5' and 3' exons represented in avian v-myc. We also observed in the DNA of this lymphoma tumour-specific fragments homologous to v-myc. Characterization of these molecularly cloned myc-hybridizing fragments revealed the presence of at least two identical FeLV proviruses 5.5 kb in length, each containing long terminal repeats enclosing a spliced version of the feline myc gene.     

A new acute transforming feline retrovirus and relationship of its oncogene v-kit with the protein kinase gene family

A new acute transforming feline retrovirus, the Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma virus (HZ4-FeSV), has been isolated from a feline fibrosarcoma. The viral genome of HZ4-FeSV contains a new oncogene designated v-kit, has the structure 5' delta gag-kit-delta pol-delta env 3' and specifies a gag-kit polyprotein of relative molecular mass 80,000. The predicted kit amino-acid sequence displays partial homology with tyrosine-specific protein kinase oncogenes. HZ4-FeSV appears to have been generated by transduction of feline c-kit sequences with feline leukaemia virus.     

Development of virus non-producer lymphosarcomas in pet cats exposed to FeLv

Naturally occurring oncoviruses of several species are transmitted contagiously and cause lymphosarcoma (LSA) or leukaemia in their hosts. All naturally occurring oncoviruses replicate in vivo in the tumours they induce or, as with bovine leukaemia virus, can be isolated from tumour cells grown in short-term cell culture. However, we have shown that feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is not present in a significant minority of pet cats that develop LSA. Unlike experimentally induced virus-negative leukaemias and sarcomas of other species, LSA cells from FeLV-negative LSA cats lack any FeLV proteins, including p15 or p12, and complete functional copies of FeLV provirus and thus do not produce FeLV when grown in cell culture. Thus, except for FeLV, the naturally occurring animal leukaemogenic oncoviruses seem to induce only virus-producing lymphoid tumours. Our earlier findings prompted a study to determine the frequency of occurrence of FeLV non-producer (NP) LSA in pet cats and whether NP LSAs develop in cats exposed to FeLV. We report here epidemiological data which indicate that development of NP LSAs in pet cats is associated with exposure to FeLV and suggest that FeLV may be the aetiological agent for FeLV NP feline LSAs. Thus, feline NP LSAs may be suitable for studying the potential viral aetiology and mechanism of leukaemogenesis of human lymphoid tumours in which no oncoviruses have, as yet, been proved to cause the disease.     

痘病毒F10L基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

将古浪山羊痘病毒的基因组DNA提取出来,并设计引物进行PCR扩增,克隆F10L基因的DNA序列.为了分析山羊痘病毒F10蛋白的分子特征,将PCR产物连接到p GEM-T Easy载体后转化至大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,筛选阳性克隆进行序列测定,利用生物信息学软件对F10L基因序列进行预测分析.结果显示,F10L基因序列由1 335个核苷酸组成的开放阅读框,编码444个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,蛋白质分子质量的理论值53.01 ku,理论等电点为7.14.该蛋白的二级结构中,α螺旋占12.44%,β折叠占15.73%,其余71.83%为无规则卷曲.多序列比对分析显示,不同羊痘病毒分离株F10L序列高度保守,一致性在97%以上.此研究结果为进一步研究F10蛋白的生物学功能和羊痘病毒早期蛋白的分子相互作用奠定了基础.     

Construction and identification of reverse genetics system of Dengue type 2 virus isolated in China

Dengue (DEN) viruses, mosquito-borne pathogens of the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, are envel- oped RNA viruses that contain a single-stranded, posi- tive-sense, capped RNA genome of approximately 11 kb. Single polypeptide is co-translationlly pr…     

香石竹斑驳病毒（CarMVsh）外壳蛋白基因克隆及原核表达

香石竹斑驳病毒上海分离株是从上海地区栽培的香石竹上分离并鉴定的,以提纯的病毒为材料,ＳＤＳ－酚法纯化的基因组ＲＮＡ作为模板,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ合成并扩增外壳蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ,ｃＤＮＡ克隆于ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ ｅａｓｙ ｖｅｃｔｏｒ,转化为Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＪＭ１０９。阳笥克隆ｐＴＣａＣＰ经序列分析,证明带有全长ＣＰ基因。     

Transduction and rearrangement of the myc gene by feline leukaemia virus in naturally occurring T-cell leukaemias

Evidence of myc gene transduction by feline leukaemia virus in several spontaneous lymphoid tumours of cats suggests that recombinant viruses carrying oncogenes may be much more involved in oncogenesis in natural conditions than previously recognized.     

猫耳部肿瘤病理诊断及分析

摘要: 目的对8 例猫耳部肿物进行病理学诊断和分析,探讨猫耳部肿瘤发生的规律。方法中国农业大学教学动物医院2009 ～ 2015 年进行手术治疗的8 例猫耳部肿物,制成切片,根据病理学观察进行诊断并分析其组织来源、年龄及发生部位的规律。结果猫耳部鳞状细胞癌、耵聍腺瘤/癌和肥大细胞瘤发生比率均各占25%、25%、37. 5%; 猫耳部肿瘤0 ～ 4. 9 岁发生占12. 5%,5 ～ 9. 9 岁占37. 5%,≥10 岁占50%; 肿瘤均发生于外耳,中耳和内耳未见。结论耳部好发鳞状细胞癌、耵聍腺瘤/癌和肥大细胞瘤; 猫耳部肿瘤发病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,易发生在中老年; 耳部肿瘤易发生在外耳。     

Structural alteration of viral homologue of receptor proto-oncogene fms at carboxyl terminus

A role for proto-oncogenes in the regulation and modulation of cell proliferation has been suggested by the findings that the B-chain of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is encoded by the proto-oncogene sis and that the erb-B oncogene product is a truncated form of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Furthermore, the product of the proto-oncogene fms (c-fms) may be related or identical to the receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1). v-fms is the transforming gene of the McDonough strain of feline sarcoma virus (SM-FeSV) and belongs to the family of src-related oncogenes which have tyrosine-specific kinase activity. Furthermore, nucleotide sequence analysis of the v-fms gene product revealed topological properties of a cell-surface receptor protein. To elucidate the features involved in the conversion of a normal cell-surface receptor gene into an oncogenic one, we have now determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a human c-fms complementary DNA. The 972-amino-acid c-fms protein has an extracellular domain, a membrane-spanning region, and a cytoplasmic tyrosine protein kinase domain. Comparison of the feline v-fms and human c-fms sequences reveals that the proteins share extensive homology but have different carboxyl termini.