具有良好可再生性的新型二氧化硅磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料

Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe₃O₄ NPs with a SiO₂ layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO₂ coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO₂ on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO₂ layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe₃O₄ NPs, forming a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO composite where Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents.     

微波预处理对复杂铜矿磨矿及浮选动力学的影响

The effect of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe₃PO₇ and apatite was investigated. The results revealed that Na₂CO₃ had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization, followed by CaCO₃, the effect of CaF₂ was negligible. The mechanisms of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). Without additives, Fe₃PO₇ was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron–phosphorus alloy with metallic iron. The addition of CaCO₃ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to generate an enormous amount of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and promoted the reduction of iron oxides. However, the growth of iron particles was inhibited. With the addition of Na₂CO₃, the phosphorus in Fe₃PO₇ migrated to nepheline and Na₂CO₃ improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles. Therefore, the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best. In contrast, CaF₂ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to form fine Ca₃(PO₄)₂ particles scattered around the iron particles, making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult.     

不同硅饱和系数水榴石的碳酸化分解动力学

Carbonated decomposition of hydrogarnet is one of the vital reactions of the calcification–carbonation method, which is designed to dispose of low-grade bauxite and Bayer red mud and is a novel eco-friendly method. In this study, the effect of the silica saturation coefficient (x) on the carbonation of hydrogarnet was investigated from the kinetic perspective. The results indicated that the carbonation of hydrogarnets with different x values (x = 0.27, 0.36, 0.70, and 0.73) underwent two stages with significantly different rates, and the kinetic mechanisms of the two stages can be described by the kinetic functions R3 and D3. The apparent activation energies at Stages 1 and 2 were 41.96–81.64 and 14.80–34.84 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding limiting steps of the two stages were interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion.     

一种超重力燃烧合成制备高性能高熵合金的新方法

A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis (HGCS) followed by post-treatment (PT) is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys (HEAs), Cr_0.9FeNi_2.5V_0.2Al_0.5 alloy, whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material. In this process, the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field. Then, the master alloy is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting (VAM), homogenization treatment, cold rolling, and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 1250 MPa, 1075 MPa, and 2.9%, respectively. The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating. Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt, it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients.     

利用皮秒激光烧蚀制备非球形铝纳米颗粒

We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid (chloroform, CHCl₃) with ~2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of ~350 μJ. The synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at ~340 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of (27 ± 3.6) nm. The formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al nanoparticles. In addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles, triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSF-LIPSSs) since their grating period was ~280 nm. Additionally, coarse structures with a period of ~700 nm were observed.     

窄板坯结晶器内连铸工艺参数对钢液流场的影响

Computational simulations and high-temperature measurements of velocities near the surface of a mold were carried out by using the rod deflection method to study the effects of various operating parameters on the flow field in slab continuous casting (CC) molds with narrow widths for the production of automobile exposed panels. Reasonable agreement between the calculated results and measured subsurface velocities of liquid steel was obtained under different operating parameters of the CC process. The simulation results reveal that the flow field in the horizontal plane located 50 mm from the meniscus can be used as the characteristic flow field to optimize the flow field of molten steel in the mold. Increases in casting speed can increase the subsurface velocity of molten steel and shift the position of the vortex core downward in the downward circulation zone. The flow field of liquid steel in a 1040 mm-wide slab CC mold can be improved by an Ar gas flow rate of 7 L·min?1 and casting speed of 1.7 m·min?1. Under the present experimental conditions, the double-roll flow pattern is generally stable at a submerged entry nozzle immersion depth of 170 mm.     

电渣重熔脱硫技术研究进展

Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed.     

Mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during high-temperature sintering

The mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al₂O₃?Na₂O system during the high-temperature sintering process were systematically investigated using DSC?TG, XRD, SEM?EDS, FTIR, and Raman spectra, and the crystal structure of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was also simulated by Material Studio software. The results indicated that the minerals formed during the sintering process included Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀, CaO·Al₂O₃, and 12CaO·7Al₂O₃, and the content of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ could reach 92wt% when sintered at 1200°C for 30 min. The main formation stage of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ occurred at temperatures from 970 to 1100°C, and the content could reach 82wt% when the reaction temperature increased to 1100°C. The crystal system of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was tetragonal, and the cells preferred to grow along crystal planes (110) and (210). The formation of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was an exothermic reaction that followed a secondary reaction model, and its activation energy was 223.97 kJ/mol.     

含细夹层的分矿充填层中流动特性的可视化

Ore particles, especially fine interlayers, commonly segregate in heap stacking, leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds. Computed tomography (CT), COMSOL Multiphysics, and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers. The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds. Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking. CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers (24.21%) was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores (37.42%), which directly affected the formation of flow paths. Specifically, the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped. Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds. Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity (1.8 × 10?5 m/s) suddenly increased. Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2 × 10?5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.     

思想道德修养与法律基础课的实践研究

高职思想政治教育面临困境,既有高职学生自身素质的原因,也有教育教学方法的原因。由于高职学生的特点,要求教学中不断调整教法、重组知识模块,吸引学生,使之参与课堂建设;通过多样化的实践教学模式,深化对人生、对社会、对职业的理解。     

试析技术入股的法律缺陷

随着我国经济的发展,以技术入股形式进行投资的实践日趋活跃,但由于技术入股的法律规定存在诸多缺陷及缺乏具体的实施细则,使技术入股在实际操作中极易酿成纠纷。本文试就技术投资入股的有关法律缺陷进行分析,并进一步探讨消除缺陷的途径。     

OPENWIN客户程序界面的动态翻译

介绍了一种对ＯＰＥＮＷＩＮ下客户程序界面进行动态翻译的方法，该方法基于Ｘ协议和系统调用的分析，设置了进程监控客户进程的执行，并修发亮各户进程向Ｘ服务器的输出内容，其原理适用于其他ＸＷＩＮＤＯＷ程序，是一种可行的汉化方法。     

浅论高校图书馆馆员的再教育

图书馆现状无法适应图书馆自身高速发展的需要,必然要求开展广泛的再教育.就再教育的主要内容及实现手段提出一些看法以供参考.     

论日本的林业发展和大连的林业建设

日本是太平洋西部的一个群岛国家,地理环境复杂多样,陆地75％是山地丘陵,自然灾害较多。日本为了优化利用国土,把植树造林作为国土整治的基本国策,综合发展林业,森林覆盖率达68％,成为世界上林业发达国家。日本在森林调查、森林规划、造林、育林等方面积累了许多经验。大连的造林环境和日本相(?),但是大连林业还很落后,为了恢复和保护生态平衡,整治国土,应借鉴日本发展林业的经验。查清森林资源现状、林况、地况,制定林业规划并保证实施;调整林业结构,建立以水土保持为中心的防护林体系;因地制宜采取多种方法造林、育林,精选良种,精心抚育,科学营林,以林养林;重视林业科技成果的推广和应用;加快大连林业建设的步伐,造福子孙后代。     

大学生公民意识培育的有效性思考

培育大学生公民意识是落实社会主义精神文明建设根本任务的需要,是完善社会主义市场经济的需要,是建设社会主义和谐社会的需要。大学生公民意识受历史传统、全球化进程和教育失衡等诸多因素的影响,从总体上看还相对薄弱。要增强大学生公民意识培育的有效性,社会、高校需创设环境,有力推动;大学生需主观能动,自我打磨。     

行政机关违法设定许可的法律责任探析

对于行政许可违法的法律责任问题，人们往往是从行政许可实施违法的角度进行研究，而对于设定违法及其责任追究的探讨却相对薄弱。然而。行政许可设定一旦违法，其对相对人和社会公共利益的损害将会更大，因此，对许可设定的违法及其责任问题进行研究，以避免违法行政行为的发生，促进政府依法行政，不仅必要而且是非常有意义的。     

我国水资源特点及开发利用

我国水资源总量多，人均量少，时空分布不平衡，南多北少，夏秋多，冬春少，人们资源意识淡薄，污染和浪费现象严重，因此，在开发利用上要加强协调，统筹规划，科学管理，开源节流和治污并重，通过兴修水利，拦蓄径流、引水和跨流域调水，调节水资源的时空分布，控制人口，缓解水资源不足，这样才能不断满足人们日益增长的对水的需求，才能尽快改善河湖水质，实施水资源可持续发展。     

车联网网络架构分析

利用车联网获取车辆运行参数和道路等交通基础设施使用状况,感知实时道路交通路况,能有效减少交通拥堵,实现绿色出行,并提供丰富的智能交通信息服务．车联网将促进汽车、交通和信息技术产业向更加现代化、网络化和智能化的方向发展．对车联网的现状进行了较为全面的研究,包括车联网的概念、技术优势、信息服务以及网络架构等．     

C语言程序设计教学改革初探

结合教学实践,分析了当前C语言程序设计教学中存在的问题,探讨了教师应如何改革现有的教学模式,更新理念,加强对学生程序设计能力的培养和训练。具体做法为:注意方式方法,培养学生对程序设计语言的兴趣;教给学生正确的学习方法,引导学生掌握程序设计的思想和方法;开展形式多样的考核方式;建立互动网络教学平台。