糖浆浓度的激光自动折光检测系统

采用高稳定度的激光光源和具有高分辨率、高灵敏度、抗晕光能力强、光动态范围大的ＣＣＤ（ＣｈａｒｇｅＣｏｕｐｌｅＤｅｖｉｃｅ）电荷耦合器件,构成激光－ＣＣＤ糖浆浓度传感器,配以三路脉冲驱动电路、测量电路、单片机系统等,可自动检测被测糖浆的温度和浓度,并对温度变化而引起的浓度变化作自动修正．实验结果表明,测量糖浆浓度的误差为０．３％．     

连铸中间包测温传感器热惯性响应函数的研究

中间包钢水黑体空腔连续测温传感器的保护套管由耐高温、耐冲刷材质构成,导致传感器在测量中存在热传导惯性,测温输出信号滞后于被测温度的变化,产生动态测量误差。针对于黑体空腔连续测温传感器的热响应惯性,根据传感器实际物理参数,运用有限元分析方法构建传感器的模型,建立传感器的热响应函数,进而根据传感器初始温度测量值对其钢水温度进行预估。最终为降低传感器温度测量动态误差、提高测量实时性提供了一种有效的补偿方法。     

冲击响应法动态标定中激励信号的研究

冲击响应法简单易行，在传感器动态标定中常被采用．但其激励信号一冲击力的时间间隔和幅度对实验结果影响较大，本文从实验和理论两方面对此进行探讨．激励信号的频率范国必须覆盖传感器的工作频带，其幅值应使传感器工作在线性区．要得到可靠的频率响应函数的估值，应选择合适的激励信号．     

开关氧传感器的动态建模方法研究

在发动机实验台上,对废气氧(EGO)传感器进行了静、动态标定实验,并研究了EGO传感器在不同温度下的动态特性。根据不同方向和不同幅值激励下的传感器响应信号,建立了动态非线性Hammerstein模型;根据传感器延迟时间与温度的关系,得到了可通过温度校正延迟的Hammerstein模型。     

基于准动态校准的测压铜柱温度修正方法研究

介绍了测压铜柱常用的温度修正方法及准动态校准的含义与编表方法，分析了测压铜柱在不同环境温度下得到的准动态校准数据，根据校准数据，应用回归技术导出了压力温度修正公式，并利用落锤动标装置验证了该公式的可行性，该公式可用于计算测压铜柱在非标准温度下工作时的压力修正值和编制温度修正表。     

热敏电阻测量误差的非线性逆滤波器补偿

热敏电阻传感器存在着严重的非线性静态特性和响应滞后的动态特性，当被测量的温度变化率高于传感器的响应速度时，测量结果与真值之间存在较大的误差．为了补偿这个测量误差，文中采用一个由无限响应的IIR滤波器和静态非线性环节构成的非线性滤波器去减小误差．IIR滤波器的系数通过实验数据得到，它是传感器的动态逆模型；非线性静态环节由查表和插值算法实现．该方法能改善热敏电阻的动态特性，具有不依赖传感器模型的特点．实验结果表明，该方法是有效的．     

基于二步法的多芯电缆非侵入式电流测量校正方法

为了解决多芯电缆的非侵入式电流测量由于被测对象信号微弱、系统灵敏度高、易受环境因素干扰,造成测量误差较大的问题,采用磁阻传感器的非侵入式电流测量系统为研究对象,在分析系统测量方法及硬铁、软铁和比例因子等误差构成的基础上,提出一种基于二步法的误差校正方法,该方法通过对传感器输出信号进行非线性变换,构造了与误差相对应的矩阵方程,并在对方程求解后进行非线性回归计算,从而实现对多芯电缆的电流测量值的动态误差修正.实验结果表明,该方法可以同时校正非侵入式电流测量系统的线性误差与部分非线性误差.     

膛壁测温传感器的动态响应特性

该文给出一种用于测量枪炮膛壁温度的表面温度传感器，介绍其结构和工作机理．利用热传导理论建立数学模型、用有限差分法刘几种典型情况进行了数值计算．给出动态响应特性的一些仿真结果。对专门设计的表面温度传感器，用脉冲激光加热方法进行了实验研究，给出初步的实验结果，这些结果与数值计算结果相符合。研究结果为这类表面温度传感器的设计和使用提供理论依据。     

一种热电阻动态特性原位校准方法

研制了一种可在测量中，现场、原位使用的用于热电阻动态特性校准的计算机插板。由传热学原理，论证了热电阻在外部阶跃温度响应与回路电流阶跃方法(LCSR法)温度响应之间的联系，据此，建立了求得响应时间常数的数据处理方法。在滑油和风洞里用LCSR方法和被测介质温度阶跃进行的对比实验表明：该方法求取的时间常数误差小于5％。用该方法分别求得的热电阻和外壳的时间常数，可以进一步确定影响响应速度的主要因素。     

板翅式换热器动态特性的试验研究

建立了可进行两股及多股流换热器动态特性试验研究的装置．对一．个两股流板翅式换热器施加流量按阶跃变化、进口温度按指数函数变化的时间域扰动信号，进行了动态试验．得到了换热器动态模型对流量扰动可接线性建模的扰动范围，确定了各股流体对进口温度扰动的响应延滞时间的计算公式．对换热器进行了一系列的动态特性测试，并获得其动态响应过程曲线．试验工况的传热单元数范围为０．６～３，雷诺数为２００～２０００，普朗特数为２～７．试验数据为建立完善的理论模型提供了可对比的依据．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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