光学玻璃荧光光谱测试与分析

通过测试玻璃样品的荧光光谱,分析和判断出玻璃产生荧光的原因,提出了解决的办法,并指出该玻璃可能产生荧光的波长。     

Fluorogenic amines in the notochords of chick embryos treated by cholinergics]

The investigation of 3 day old notochords by the fluorescence method of Falck and Owman showed an increase of the fluorescence after treatment of the chick embryos at 48 hrs of incubation, with nicotine sulfate or carbachol. The addition of norepinephrine or L-Dopa emphasized the formaldehyde induced fluorescence. The simultaneous treatment with a cholinergic agent and atropine, propranolol or reserpine decreased or suppressed the fluorescence. These results demonstrate the existence of a relationship between the treatment with a cholinergic agent and the amount of chordal biogenic amines.     

Enhancement of fluorescence of pyrene-containing lipids by polar media, detergents and phospholipids

The fluorescence intensities of a medium-chain fatty acid and of several amphiphilic lipids, each containing pyrene in covalent linkage, were enhanced considerably by: 1) Dissolving in mixtures of a polar solvent (e.g. methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran or dimethylsulfoxide) and water; for each individual compound, a certain ratio of solvent to water provided maximal fluorescence intensity. 2) Incorporating into micelles of reduced Triton X-100; an excess of detergent was used so that, statistically, only one molecule of lipid resided in one micelle of the Triton X-100. 3) Incorporating into liposomes of egg phosphatidylcholine; maximal fluorescence was observed using a large excess of phosphatidylcholine. When related to the fluorescence intensities in chloroform/methanol (2:1, by vol.) or water, the enhancement of fluorescence in the above three systems was about 2-6-fold or up to 60-fold, respectively.     

A histofluorescent procedure for identifying marijuana cannabinoids

A rapid and reliable fluorescence procedure is described as a test for the microscopical identification of the glandular hairs of Cannabis sativa. The proposed method, designated as the IFIM test (induced fluorescence identification for marijuana test), is based on the induction of a red fluorescence in cannabinoids by a hot clearing solution. The results, compared to those obtained by the classical RIM test, offer the possibility of more satisfactory identification of cannabis, hashish or marijuana in suspected samples.     

Histochemical demonstration of primary catecholamines in pacinian corpuscles of the cat

Résumé En utilisant la méthode de fluorescence de Falck, on constate que les corpuscules de Vater-Pacini montrent la fluorescence caractéristique des catécholamines primaires. L'intensité de la fluorescence est plus marquée dans le corps central des corpuscules nerveuses, moins dans les lamelles et absente dans la fibre nerveuse.     

Enhancement of fluorescence of pyrene-containing lipids by polar media,detergents and phospholipids

Summary The fluorescence intensities of a medium-chain fatty acid and of several amphiphilic lipids, each containing pyrene in covalent linkage, were enhanced considerably by: 1) Dissolving in mixtures of a polar solvent (e.g. methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran or dimethylsulfoxide) and water; for each individual compound, a certain ratio of solvent to water provided maximal fluorescence intensity. 2) Incorporating into micelles of reduced Triton X-100; an excess of detergent was used so that, statistically, only one molecule of lipid resided in one micelle of the Triton X-100. 3) Incorporating into liposomes of egg phosphatidylcholine; maximal fluorescence was observed using a large excess of phosphatidylcholine. When related to the fluorescence intensities in chloroform/methanol (21, by vol.) or water, the enhancement of fluorescence in the above three systems was about 2-6-fold or up to 60-fold, respectively.     

Demonstration of acidophilic neurosecretory cells in Crepidula fornicata Phil. (Mollusca, Gasteropoda, Prosobranchia) using the fluorescent dye, Geranine G]

The Fluorochrome Geranine G binds to acidophilic neurosecretory cells and produces red orange fluorescence. Chromolipids and pigments show green fluorescence. This method is easy and sensitive. Fluorescence fading during irradiation is low.     

Intrinsic fluorescence of mitochondrial F1-ATPase.

The emission maximum of the fluorescence spectrum of mitochondrial F1-ATPase is shifted from 305 to 334 nm when the excitation wavelength is altered from 270 to 300 nm. This indicates that both tyrosine and tryptophan contribute to the intrinsic fluorescence of the F1-ATPase.     

Partial recovery of fluorescence intensity after irradiation-induced fading of fluorescence,and its effects on techniques of quantitative fluorescence microscopy

Summary Partial recovery of fluorescence intensity after irradiation-induced fading of lipopigment autofluorescence is reported, during a subsequent period of 60 sec when each specimen was in darkness. This phenomenon may have significance for various techniques of quantitative fluorescence microscopy.     

Quenching of intrinsic fluorescence accompanies the activation of prococoonase

Summary The intrinsic fluorescence of prococoonase fromBombyx mori is largely quenched upon its activation. The rates of fluorescence quenching and enzyme activation are equal, indicating that both reflect the same process.This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Council of Thailand.     

Fluorescence replication banding of frog chromosomes

To identify individual chromosomes of a frog karyotype by their fluorescence banding patterns, chromosomes were stained with actinomycin D and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) after incorporation of BrdU during the late S-phase. The chromosomes of three Rana species which were selected for this study (R. ridibunda, R. lessonae and R. japonica) showed well-defined late replication bands. The fluorescence patterns obtained were the reverse of those produced by a 4Na-EDTA Giemsa-staining technique. Fluorescence patterns of the two water frog species (R. ridibunda and R. lessonae) were similar to each other, except for the different fluorescence of the centromeric heterochromatin, which gave extremely bright signals in R. ridibunda but no signal in R. lessonae. Experiments also showed differences between the fluorescence patterns of R. lessonae chromosome 13 in the Italian and Luxembourgian populations. These results sho w that the fluorescence replication banding using actinomycin D and DAPI is very effective in identifying individual frog chromosomes and detecting their structural changes. Received 7 June 1996; received after revision 23 July 1996; accepted 21 August 1996     

Demonstration of a tryptaminergic mechanism in the rat beta-cell.

Yellow 5-HT fluorescence has been histochemically demonstrated in rat pancreatic islet cells in animals injected with L-5-HTP with or without pretreatment with the monoaminoxidase inhibitor nialamide. This fluorescence was not observed after inhibition of the aromatic amino acid decarobxylase. The results strongly suggest the presence of a tryptaminergic mechanism in the rat islet cells.     

Asialoprotein uptake by liver cells: immunofluorescence microscopy.

Uptake of asialoproteins by hepatocytes causes a change in the intracellular pattern of immunofluorescence. Control cells display a peripheral fluorescence which probably represents nascent proteins. Dark nonfluorescent areas, that presumably contain glycogen, are located around the nucleus. In contrast, liver cells from rats injected with asialoproteins display a pancytoplasmic fluorescence due to an influx of endocytotic vesicles.     

Energy transfer from tryptophan to 1, N6-ethenoadenosine in frozen aqueous solution]

Mixed aggregates of tryptophan and 1, N6-ethenoadenosine (epsilon Ado) are formed in frozen aqueous solutions at 77 K. In these aggregates one observes a quenching of tryptophan fluorescence by small amounts of epsilon Ado together with a sensitized fluorescence of epsilon Ado. About 70 tryptophan molecules are able to transfer their energy to one epsilon Ado molecule.     

Measurement of fluorescence decay of substances absorbed by an isolated living cell: an experimental device and early results]

A microfluorometric system allowing the mesurements of fluorescence decay (i.e. fluorescence lifetime) has been built. It will complete the microspectrofluorometric studies of absorbed compounds-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metabolites of benzo (a) pyrene-by single living cells and allows a better understanding of the intake and metabolisation of these compounds. The preliminary results with benzo (a) pyrene, dibenzocarbazole, pyrene are shown.     

Autonomous fluorescence of ascidian blood cells with special reference to identification of vanadocytes

Summary A tunichrome that has been suggested to be involved in the accumulation of vanadium ions in ascidian blood cells produces an autonomous fluorescence upon excitation with blue-violet light. However, we have found that signet ring cells, which contain large amounts of vanadium, do not fluoresce upon such excitation. The strongest fluorescence due to the tunichrome was observed in morula cells, which do not contain vanadium.     

Chromatin fluorescence by pyronin staining

Summary Human, chicken and mouse cells from different tissues show a bright red-orange fluorescence of the chromatin after staining with pyronin Y. The possibility that intercalation of the dye into double helical nucleic acids accounts for this fluorescence pattern is briefly discussed.This work was partially supported by a grant from the Comisión Asesora de Investigación Científica y Técnica, Spain.     

Early detection of cell damage by supravital acridine orange staining

Summary Cell damage can be detected in living cells by acridine orange fluorescence earlier than with phase contrast microscopy or with conventional histological methods. The change in the acridine orange fluorescence from green to red indicates that the secondary structure of the DNA is altered very early during the cell death.Acknowledgments. We thank Miss Pirjo Vuori for excellent technical assistance, Engineer Charles Vane-Tempest for providing the necessary microscope equipment and the Finnish Academy for financial support.     

Fluorescein-concanavalin A conjugates distinguish between normal and malignant human cells: a preliminary report

A method is described for using a fluorescein isothiocyanate concanavalin A conjugate to stain human cell membranes in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. 57 neoplastic and normal tissue sites were examined. In 54 malignant tumours, bright green fluorescence was confined to the cell membranes while in 23 benign tumours and normal tissue sites, the membranes were unstained or showed a diminished level of fluorescence. The distinction between malignant and hyperplastic or normal cells was clear cut and definite.