黏弹性Winkler地基梁的振动特性分析

运用复模态分析研究了有限长黏弹性Winkler地基梁的振动特性,得出简支边界条件下的复频率方程和复模态函数表达式．通过具体算例,分析了黏弹性Winkler地基梁的固有频率和模态函数的特征,以及梁的刚度系数和地基黏性系数对固有频率和模态函数的影响．     

热环境中功能梯度材料Euler梁的自由振动

研究功能梯度材料Euler梁在温度场作用下的屈曲和自由振动行为.在精确考虑轴线伸长基础上,建立功能梯度Euler梁在热载荷作用下的几何非线性控制方程.将控制方程的响应分解为热过屈曲静态解和振动解两部分,得到功能梯度材料梁在热过屈曲构型附近小振幅线性自由振动的微分方程.其中,假设功能梯度的材料性质沿厚度方向按照幂函数连续变化,采用打靶法数值求解所得强非线性边值问题,获得在横向升温场内两端固定Euler梁的热过屈曲平衡路径以及前三阶固有频率的数值解.分析和讨论梁的材料梯度参数、温度场分布参数等因素对过屈曲变形和振动响应的影响.     

热环境下弹性地基上多孔FGM圆板的自由振动特性

基于一阶剪切变形理论，研究了热环境下弹性地基上多孔功能梯度材料（Functionally Graded Materials，FGM）圆板的自由振动特性.首先，考虑含孔隙的Voigt修正混合幂律模型，并给出统一温度场描述材料受温度依赖，利用Hamilton原理，推导热环境下弹性地基上多孔FGM圆板自由振动的控制微分方程并进行无量纲化；然后，应用微分变换法对无量纲控制微分方程和边界条件进行变换，得到计算无量纲固有频率和临界温升值的代数特征方程.将问题退化后并与已有文献结果进行对比以验证其有效性；最后，计算并分析了梯度指数、孔隙率、边界条件、厚度与半径比、温升值和Winkler 弹性刚度系数对多孔FGM圆板无量纲固有频率的影响以及各相关参数对临界温升值的影响.结果表明，梯度指数影响频率，反映材料从陶瓷向金属过渡的特点，孔隙率削弱刚度进而影响固有频率大小，Winkler地基对刚度有着增强的作用，温度增大使结构发生热屈曲而失稳等.     

基于固有频率的梁结构疲劳损伤演化规律

基于梁结构的动力特性能够真实地反映其实际状态,梁结构动力特性变化与疲劳损伤之间存在一定的内在关联,研究疲劳损伤演化对梁结构模态频率的影响机制,提出一种以固有频率为损伤变量的梁结构疲劳损伤演化规律研究方法。首先,基于Timoshenko梁自由振动方程,引入疲劳作用的影响,推导疲劳历程固有频率理论计算公式;然后,对预应力混凝土模型梁进行疲劳试验研究和动力测试,得到疲劳历程中疲劳刚度和固有频率的退化规律,并验证疲劳历程固有频率理论计算公式的正确性;最后,定义固有频率为损伤变量,得到基于1阶固有频率的梁结构疲劳损伤演化规律。研究结果表明:梁结构固有频率也具有类似抗弯刚度退化的3阶段衰减规律;在疲劳作用下,第1阶频率的下降幅度最大,第2阶频率的下降幅度次之,而第3阶频率的下降幅度最小;梁结构在疲劳历程中某时刻状态下,随着模态阶次增大,频率修正系数减小;随着疲劳次数增多,梁各阶频率修正系数呈现增大的趋势;以第1阶固有频率为损伤变量,能有效地拟合梁结构3阶段非线性疲劳损伤演化规律,为进行结构性能退化程度判定及剩余寿命预测提供研究基础。     

弹性地基上加热圆板的非线性轴对称自由振动

基于von Karman薄板理论和Hamilton原理,运用假设时间模态法,得到了弹性地基上加热圆板非线性轴对称自由振动的常微分控制方程.考虑不可移简支边界条件,采用打靶法得到了一阶屈曲位形下的前3阶振型的数值结果.结果表明:随地基弹性系数增加,热屈曲临界温度增加;在小振幅的情形下,振型对屈曲构型的影响和地基系数对振型...     

高阶剪切理论下梯度直梁在热环境中的静动态响应分析

基于高阶剪切变形梁理论研究了两端不可移简支功能梯度梁在横向非均匀升温下的热屈曲和自由振动问题。首先依据高阶剪切变形梁理论和Hamilton原理建立了功能梯度梁受热-机载荷共同作用下的几何非线性动力学控制方程;在研究静态热屈曲问题时,把方程退化成强非线性边值问题,采用打靶法数值求解该边值问题,获得了横向非均匀升温下梁的屈曲构型,绘出了梁的变形随温度载荷及材料梯度参数变化的特征关系曲线;研究动态响应时,采用Navier方法数值求解所建立的动力学控制方程,获得了横向非均匀升温下梁的自由振动响应,数值比较了不同剪切理论下梁的前3解固有频率随跨高比、材料梯度参数变化的规律。结果表明,剪切变形、梁的跨高比、材料的非均匀性、温度变化对于高阶剪切功能梯度材料梁的变形及固有频率有很显著的影响。     

形状记忆合金纤维复合材料梁非线性变形、热屈曲和振动

研究具有形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维的复合材料梁非线性静变形、热屈曲和振动。采用Euler-Bernoulli梁理论、Timoshenko梁理论和Reddy高阶理论进行结构建模;根据Von-Kármán应变场理论描述梁的几何非线性;采用Brinson热力学本构方程计算SMA纤维的受限回复特性;基于Hamilton原理导出梁的非线性偏微分控制方程;采用Galerkin法导出两端简支对称铺层SMA纤维复合材料梁的非线性静变形、热屈曲和振动近似解。通过数值计算揭示SMA纤维含量、激励温度和初始应变对非线性静变形、热屈曲和振动的影响规律。研究表明,当长厚比较大时,剪切变形的影响很小,上述理论均可适用;但长厚比较小时,Euler-Bernoulli和Timoshenko梁理论的结果与Reddy高阶理论的结果相差较大,剪切变形的影响是显著的。     

某重型燃气轮机机匣有限元模态分析

对某重型燃气轮机机匣进行了热分析,得到了机匣的温度场,然后在考虑温度影响和不考虑温度影响的情况下,分别对其进行了模态分析,并得出结论:温度因素对机匣的振动特性有一定影响,考虑温度因素时,机匣的弯曲振动固有频率值有所降低,但机匣的扭转振动及其固有频率值变化甚微.     

液黏离合器摩擦副热屈曲特性仿真分析

为了研究液黏离合器摩擦副软启动过程中的热屈曲变形,建立了对偶钢片轴对称热传导模型和热屈曲模型,获得了温度场的分布规律,通过有限元法求解了对偶钢片的屈曲变形模态及临界屈曲温度,并分析了约束条件对热屈曲特性的影响。结果表明:软启动结束时对偶钢片温度及径向温差均达到最大值,温度沿径向方向先上升后下降,厚度方向不存在温度梯度;第一阶屈曲模态具有最低的临界屈曲温度,为锥形变形,轴向位移沿半径方向呈线性分布;约束条件能够改变钢片的屈曲模态以及降低临界屈曲温度,为避免液黏离合器摩擦副发生热变形和热失效提供一定的理论依据。     

钻井液对钻柱横向振动固有频率的影响

为了研究钻柱系统的振动模态以及动力学特性,利用动力学理论研究了钻柱内、外钻井液对钻柱横向振动固有频率的影响。引入附加质量系数,通过线性化假设,并进行Laplace变换,导出了钻井液排量、井眼直径与钻柱外径的比值与附加质量系数的关系。研究结果表明,钻井液的存在导致钻柱的固有频率与不考虑钻井液相比有较大的下降;钻柱内、外钻井液对钻柱横向振动固有频率的作用机理不同,其中环空内钻井液对钻柱横向振动固有频率的影响要远远大于人们的估计。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to