抗滑桩加固土坡效果及合理桩位的三维有限元分析

基于ABAQUS有限元软件,采用弹塑性有限元强度折减法对抗滑桩加固的土坡进行三维数值分析.考虑桩-土相互作用,探讨强度折减法中以迭代不收敛和特征点位移拐点作为边坡失稳判据的局限性.对于抗滑桩加固的边坡,提出采用特征点位移拐点并结合水平位移限值作为边坡临界破坏的评价标准,分析边坡潜在最危险滑动面和安全系数随抗滑桩桩位变化的规律,从数值模拟角度探讨边坡加固中桩位的合理设置位置.     

基于能量原理的均质土坡临界坡高计算

针对黏聚力较小的均质黏性土坡有可能产生沿直线滑裂面及沿对数螺旋滑裂面滑动的情况,利用能量原理和土坡极限分析的上限定理,推导了坡顶倾斜的土坡沿直线滑裂面滑动的临界坡高,得到黏聚力较小的黏性土均质边坡产生沿直线滑裂面的破坏,其临界坡高与坡顶面倾角α无关,只与土体的抗剪强度c,ψ及密度ρ和坡体倾角β相关的结论.将该结果与同类...     

索风营水电站Dr2危岩体稳定安全度有限元分析

采用边坡稳定分析的非线性有限元混合解法对索风营水电站Dr2危岩体的稳定性进行了分析,即由强度折减法搜索其可能滑动面,确定危岩体最可能的破坏方式和滑动面位置,然后重新建立模型,加入搜索得到的滑动面和加固措施,由有限元迭代解法求得其滑动面的安全系数.通过该法确定了Dr2危岩体最危险滑动面,并计算得到了每项加固措施对危岩体抗滑稳定安全性的贡献度,为加固措施的优化提供了一个很好的参考依据.     

基于颗粒流的局部强度折减法在边坡稳定分析中的应用

岩土边坡稳定问题是土力学中仍未圆满解决的重要课题,边坡的渐进破坏过程是数值分析中的难点。颗粒流方法的特质是模拟大变形、可破坏的问题,用于边坡失稳破坏研究能获得该过程的时空演化规律。边坡失稳往往是由于局部土体的强度降低造成的,为此,运用颗粒流程序建立边坡模型,采用传统的强度折减法获得滑裂带土体区域,通过对滑裂带区域内土体强度的折减实现局部强度折减,以此进行边坡稳定分析。研究表明采用颗粒流结合强度折减法开展边坡稳定分析,通过数值双轴试验建立试样宏观力学响应与颗粒流细观参数之间的联系,不断折减宏观强度参数直至边坡破坏得到的安全系数与极限平衡法结果基本一致,并且能直观地显示边坡破坏的渐进过程及滑移面位置和形状。局部强度折减得到的边坡位移变化较传统强度折减略小。     

含剪切节理面岩质边坡滑裂面位置及稳定性研究

同向双平面滑动是存在单一地质断层面(剪切节理面)岩质边坡的常见破坏模式之一,但对该种类型的滑裂面计算方法并不充足。为了能够更加高效准确地寻找边坡的滑裂面位置,判断边坡的稳定性,基于极限平衡理论和非线性数学规划模型,假设滑体的滑动方式为同向双平面滑动,再假设目标函数为该岩质边坡的安全系数,运用MTALAB全局最优搜索法,计算含剪切节理面工程边坡在天然工况作用下的滑裂面位置及稳定性,并与极限分析法、强度折减法和毕肖普法进行对比分析。研究结果表明：基于极限平衡理论和非线性数学规划模型得出的滑裂面位置与安全系数基本一致,验证此类方法的可行性,为存在单一地质断层面岩质边坡的滑裂面计算和稳定性分析提供了新依据。     

粉砂岩路堑高边坡施工监测与动态设计

结合高速公路路堑高边坡工程实例,利用施工监测联合边坡稳定有限元数值模拟进行边坡动态设计。研究结果表明:通过监测边坡施工现场深部位移可以及早发现边坡滑动趋势,准确推测边坡潜在滑动面位置;粉砂岩路堑高边坡开挖后在自然状态下基本稳定,但是在降雨饱水条件下边坡塑性变形区范围增大,边坡安全系数显著降低,边坡由局部破坏发展为整体滑动破坏,模拟分析结果与施工监测结果具有较好的一致性;利用边坡稳定分析有限元强度折减法计算得到的边坡变形拟合实测变形和滑动面,可以确定坡体当前状态的等效力学参数;采用有限元数值模拟方法优化设计边坡加固方案,可以确定边坡最终形态以及锚索加固位置、加固长度、加固密度和设计预应力;边坡优化设计后,在自然与降雨饱水2种工况下边坡塑性应变区域及位移形变量均较小,边坡安全系数满足设计规范的安全要求;施工完成后,边坡处于稳定状态,说明基于现场监测联合有限元分析方法确定的边坡加固方案是可靠的。     

土质边坡渐进破坏过程的近似模拟

用有限元强度折减法对边坡进行计算,分析滑动面上典型位置单元应力状态变化规律,建立单元应力状态和边坡整体稳定性之间关系,提出单元失稳判据.将判据的有限元语句程序化,对天然边坡进行有限元强度折减计算,应用所提判据和程序对边坡渐进破坏过程进行有限元数值模拟,采用不同失稳判据和极限平衡法计算结果进行比较,验证了本文单元判据的合理性,本文判据能解释和模拟边坡的渐进破坏过程.将本文方法与位移突变判据结合使用,既能描述边坡渐进破坏,又便于工程中对边坡、基坑工程的安全性进行实时监测与反馈.     

基于位移突变准则的颗粒流强度折减法

采用颗粒流强度折减法评价边坡稳定性的关键是临界破坏状态的判定。以某边坡工程为例,利用PFC~(2D)程序对土体进行双轴压缩试验,标定了土体的细观参数并建立边坡颗粒流模型。对位移突变准则进行改进,通过绘制特征颗粒位移与折减系数关系曲线求解边坡稳定系数,并研究特征颗粒的选取方式。研究结果可重现边坡滑动破坏的形态变化,模拟的边坡破坏形态与有限元强度折减法和Bishop法结果一致,研究结果可为颗粒流强度折减法求解边坡稳定系数及滑坡模拟提供参考和借鉴。     

基于和声算法与粒子群算法的边坡稳定性分析

基于和声搜索算法与粒子群优化算法,在条分法框架内,提出一种考虑土体渐进破坏的稳定分析新方法。对给定的滑动面,利用和声搜索算法寻找出能使该滑动面具有最大抗滑稳定安全系数的内力分布,其间可以考虑土条发生局部破坏后的内力调整过程。利用粒子群优化算法搜索出土坡最危险的滑动面。将该新方法应用于简单土坡的稳定分析中,计算结果表明,该法更真实的模拟了土体的实际破坏情况,与传统极限平衡方法所得结果的比较也证明了新方法的合理性。     

地震作用下岩石边坡稳定性有限元模拟

为研究地震作用下岩石边坡的稳定性问题,根据实验室直剪实验结果确定了完整的岩石样本的抗剪指标参数,并根据岩体裂隙间距对其进行了弱化折减.采用有限元强度折减方法评估了含节理岩石边坡的稳定性,计算了临界滑移面的安全系数.通过Drucker-Prager破坏准则判断岩石边坡有限元模型中每个单元的滑移状态.采用准静态方法模拟岩石边坡地震作用荷载,讨论地震动力放大系数对边坡抗滑稳定性安全系数的影响.基于有限元分析结果,确定不同地震作用组合下岩石边坡在极限状态下的塑性区分布和滑移面的安全系数.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that