Occurrence of trichochromes in the urine of a melanoma patient

Summary The presence of two phaeomelanic pigments, trichochrome B and C, was demonstrated in the urine of a patient with malignant melanoma metastases.Supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04XA), 869-B75-01P, the Swedish Medical Research Council (No. B76-04X-00056-12), and the Walter, Ellen and Lennart Hesselman Foundation for Scientific Research. ProfessorProta was a visiting scientist of the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04U).     

Phaeomelanic pigments from a human melanoma

Summary The pigments in melanomas from 2 patients were studied with regard to solubility and chemical composition. Melanoma pigment from a patient with red-blonde hair was alkali-soluble and contained 9 or 10% sulfur and was thus of phaeomelanic type. Melanoma pigment from a patient with red-brown hair was insoluble in 0.2N NaOH. Its sulfur content was 6%. This pigment was eumelanic with regard to solubility characteristics but the sulfur content was higher than previously observed for eumelanin.Supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04XA), the Swedish Medical Research Council (No. B76-04X-00056-12), and the Walter, Ellen, and Lennart Hesselman Foundation for Scientific Research. ProfessorProta was a visiting scientist of the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04U).     

Labelling of ribosomal RNA peaks in the liver of rats after administration of tritiated fluorouracil

Zusammenfassung Nach i.p. Injektion von 5-Fluorouracil-³H wurde bei Ratten zu verschiedenen Zeiten die RNS-Neubildung der Leber bestimmt. Die Resultate sprechen dafür, dass Fluorouracil in die ribosomale RNA der Leber eingebaut wird.

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This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No. K68-12X-623-04), the Swedish Cancer Society (Project No. 95-K68-02X), the Faculty of Medicine, University of Uppsala, Sweden, and the Swedish Society for Medical Research.     

Electrochemical synthesis of cysteinyldopas

Summary A fast and inexpensive method for the synthesis of mon- and dicysteinyldopas is described. Dopa is oxidized by electrochemical techniques, and cysteine is then added to give cysteinyldopas.Acknowledgment. This investigation has been supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (project 626-B80-08XB and 626-B80-08P).     

A facile one-step synthesis of cysteinyldopas using mushroom tyrosinase

Summary A convenient one-step procedure, based upon the tyrosinase co-oxidation of dopa and cysteine, is reported for the synthesis of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (I) in 74% yield. Secondary products of the reaction turned out to be 2-S-cysteinyldopa (II, 14%), 2,5-S, S-dicysteinyldopa (IV, 5%), and the hitherto unknown 6-S-cysteinyldopa (III, 1%).The generic term cysteinyldopa is proposed to designate the various cotechol amino-acids arising from addition of cysteine to dopaquinone.This work was supported in part by a grant from Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma.     

A facile one-step synthesis of cysteinyldopas using mushroom tyrosinase.

A convenient one-step procedure, based upon the tyrosinase co-oxidation of dopa and cysteine, is reported for the synthesis of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (I) in 74% yield. Secondary products of the reaction turned out to be 2-S-cysteinyldopa (II, 14%), 2,5-S, S-dicysteinyldopa (iv, 5%), and the hitherto unknown 6-S-cysteinyldopa (III, approximately 1%).     

Testosterone induced alterations in histamine metabolism in mice

Zusammenfassung Eine neuer Befund von hormonaler Beeinflussung des Histaminmetabolismus wird beschrieben und ein bisher nicht erkannter Metabolit wird chromatographisch nachgewiessen. Under dem Einfluss von Testosteron wird der Metabolit in grosser Menge in Urin der Maus ausgeschieden, während zugleich freies Histamin fast verschwindet, was dafür spricht, dass es sich um einen Histaminmetaboliten handelt, dessen chemische Struktur noch nicht festgestellt ist und von verschiedenen bekannten Histaminmetaboliten abgegrenzt werden kannte.

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This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B70-14x-2212-04 and from the Swedish Society for Cancer Research No. 268-K70-01 X.     

Dopa-decarboxylase and monoamine oxidase activities in a transplantable islet cell tumour of the golden hamster

Zusammenfassung In einem transplantierbaren Inselzelltumor des Goldhamsters, der neben 5-Hydroxytryptamin, Dopa und Dopamin eine bisher unidentifizierte, vermutlich monoaminähnliche Substanz enthält, wurde eine hohe Dopadecarboxylase- und Monoaminooxydaseaktivität gefunden. Nach Dopa-decarboxylasehemmung wurde eine starke Anhäufung von Dopa im Tumorgewebe beobachtet; dieser Befund weist auf eine schnelle Monoaminsynthese und einen schnellen Monoaminumsatz im Tumorgewebe hin.

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This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (67–111) and was carried out within a research organization sponsored by the Swedish Medical Research Council (Projects No. B69-14X-56-05C and B69-14X-712-04C).     

Specific inhibition of human leukocyte elastase by substituted alpha-pyrones

Summary Severala-pyrones have been synthesized and investigated for their in vitro inhibitory activity usinga-chymotrypsin (a-CT), porcine pancreatic elastase, (PPE) and human leukocyte elastase (HLE). 4-Hydroxy-6-undecyl-2H-pyran-2-one4, 4-Hydroxy-6-[(1-butyl)heptyl]-2H-pyran-2-one5 and 4-Methoxy-6-[(1-butyl)heptyl]-2H-pyran-2-one6 were found to be specific inhibitors of HLE. These compounds constitute a promising new class of HLE inhibitors.Acknowledgments. We are grateful to the Petroleum Research Fund of the American Chemical Society (Grant No. 13058-B4), the American Lung Association and the Office of Sponsored Research of Wichita State University for generous financial support of this work. This work was also supported by NHLBIGrant 5PO1HL20994 and the Council for Tobacco Research, USA-Inc. Grant 901B.     

Dopa and dopamine in the pigment of substantia nigra

Zusammenfassung Hydrolysate der Pigmentpartikel der Substantia nigra enthalten Dopa und Dopamin, jedoch kein Adrenalin, Noradrenalin oder Serotonin.

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Supported by grants from The Swedish Medical Research Council No. B71-14X-712-06A and No. B71-14X-56-07A and from The Swedish Cancer Society No. 67-111.     

Early changes of cyclic nucleotide levels in a mitogenic reaction in the rat mesentery

Summary By measuring simultaneously cAMP and cGMP we found a biphasic time course with regard to cGMP and the cGMP/cAMP ratio very early in a mitogenic reaction in vivo. This is a new finding.This work was supported by the Swedish Cancer Society and the Swedish Medical Research Council (project No. 04X-04498). We are indebted to Marcela Bartonek and Margareta Odenö for expert technical assistance and to Erik Leander for help with statistical matters.     

Tyrosine hydroxylase activity in a transplantable islet cell tumour of golden hamster

Zusammenfassung In einem transplantierbaren Insel-zelltumor des Goldhamsters ist eine Tyrosinhydroxylase-Aktivität gefunden. Die hohe Aktivität der Enzyme zusammen mit einer starken Konzentration von Tyrosin deutet auf eine schnelle Synthese von Dopa in den Tumorzellen. Die Anwesenheit der Dopametaboliten DOPAC und HVA im Tumor wurde gezeigt.

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This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 67-111) and was carried out within a research organization sponsored by the Swedish Medical Research Council (Projects No. B70-14X-712-05 and No. B70-14X-56-06).     

Immunohistochemical demonstration of glucagon in an A2-cell carcinoma

Zusammenfassung Glucagon ist durch Immunohisto-fluoreszenz in einem A₂-Zell-Carcinom der menschlichen Bauchspeicheldrüse und in Metastasen in der Leber entdeckt worden.

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Acknowledgments. Grant support from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B73-04X-1007-08 and B73-12X-102-09B, Albert Påhlsson's Foundation, Riksföreningen mot Cancer, «Fonden för Stor-Köpenhamn, Grönland och Färöarna», and «Landsföreningen för kräftans bekämpelse».     

Highly purified noradrenaline storage vesicles from bovine splenic nerve trunk: Preliminary electron microscopy

Résumé Les vésicules de la NA du nerf splénique de Buf ont été obtenues par gradient de centrifugation («sucrose-heavy water»), Le rapport NA/protéine observé est de 4 à 7 fois plus élevé que celui qui a été mentionné précédemment. L'examen préliminaire de cette fraction, par microscopie électronique, révèle une couche importante et pratiquement pure de vésicules à la surface du sédiment.

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Supported by Research Career Program Award No. 5-K03-HE-0592 from the Nat. Heart and Lung Inst. and Research Grant No. 5-R01-GM15490 from the Nat. Inst. Gen. Med. Sci., U.S.P.H.S.

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Supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council No. K70-14X-2479-03A and Knut and Alice Wallenbergs Foundation.     

Light evoked release of radioactivity from rabbit retinas preloaded with (3H)-GABA

Summary Light flashes evoke an increased release of radioactivity in vitro from rabbit retinas preloaded with (³H)-GABA in vivo. Constant light does not affect the release. No light evoked release can be demonstrated from the glia. Pentobarbitone and AOAA depress the evoked release. The results are consistent with GABA being a retinal neurotransmitter, most likely in a class of amacrines.This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (project 04X2321), The Faculty of Medicine, University of Lund, Royal Physiographic Society.     

Migration of lymphocytes through the endothelium of venules in experimental allergic neuritis

Zusammenfassung Bei der experimentellen allergischen Neuritis verlassen die Lymphozyten das zirkulierende Blut der Venolen der peripheren Nerven, indem sie eher durch die als zwischen den Endothelzellen austreten. Der Durchtritt durch das Zytoplasma der Endothelzellen ist ein Beispiel von Emperipolesis.

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Supported by parts by NIH grant No. NB-03789-05, Inst. grant No. FRO5486-04, and a grant from the Swedish Medical Research Council. I thank Mr.L. Cherkas for help with the photography.     

Enantiomeric cannabinoids: stereospecificity of psychotropic activity

Summary The 1,1-dimethylheptyl homolog of (–)-(3R,4R)-7-hydroxy-delta-6-tetrahydrocannabinol (compoundII) is highly psychotropic in mice, rats and pigeons. The (+)-(3S,4S) enantiomer (III) was found to be psychotropically inactive at doses up to several thousand times those of the ED₅₀ of (II).We thank Dr A. Breuer and Mrs H. Amsalem for help with the syntheses. The research reported above was supported in Tucson by NIH grant NS 15441; in Uppsala by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (5757) and the Swedish Council for the Planning and Coordination of Research (84/2082); in Jerusalem by the Szold Foundation.Presented in part at a meeting at the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, Washington, D.C., October 1986, see NIDA Research Monographs79 (1987) 15.     

Aging of collagen in complex tissues. A micromethodological study of the thermal reaction

Zusammenfassung Die Messung des Denaturationsdunktes als Parameter für die thermale Reaktion des Kollagens in geometrisch komplexen Geweben oder von Kollagenen verschiedener Reifegrade wird beschrieben und Beispiele im Bereich von Altersunterschieden und Wundheilung werden gegeben.

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This work was supported by Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No. B70-12X-2883-01) and by Carin Trygger Memorial Fund through the Swedish Society of Medical Sciences and performed at the Department of Anatomy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

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The technical assistance of MissUlla-Britt Lindgren in the development of this method is gratefully acknowledged.     

Fever in the monkey produced by the direct action of pyrogen on the hypothalamus

Zusammenfassung Eine dosisabhängige Steigerung der Körpertemperatur wurde erzielt, wenn Pyrogen-Substanzen aus verschiedenen gram-negativen Bakterienstämmen stereotaktisch in den Hypothalamus nicht narkotisierter Affen injiziert wurden.

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Supported in part by USA Office of Naval Research Contract No. N00014-67-A-0026-0003 and National Science Foundation Grant No. GB 7906. We are indebted toP. Curzon for his valuable technical assistance, and to Dr.R. L. Somerville for preparing the pyrogens.

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Post-Doctoral Fellow supported by NIH Health Sciences Advancement Award No. PHS 5-S04-FR-0615.

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NIH Pre-Doctoral Fellow in Neurobiology.     

Effect of deglycyrrhizinized liquorice on gastric acid secretion,histidine decarboxylase activity and serum gastrin level in the rat

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass die Behandlung mit einem deglycyrrhizinierten Lakrizpräparat die basale Säurereaktion bei Ratten hemmt. Erhöhtes antrales pH führt zu vermehrter Freisetzung von antralem Gastrin mit bedeutender Aktivierung der Histidindecarboxylase in der Magenschleimhaut.

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Acknowledgments: This study was supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B73-04x-1007-08 and by the Albert Påhlsson Foundation.