化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE的研究

研究了化学复合镀 Ni-P-PTFE(聚四氟乙烯 )工艺中表面活性剂、PTFE的用量及温度对Ni-P-PTFE镀层性能和镀速的影响。试验表明 :在化学镀 Ni-P合金的酸性镀液中 ,表面活性剂1 2 2 7(阳离子 )、JFC(非离子 )及 PTFE(微粉 )的用量分别为 4 .5m L·L- 1 ,6m L·L- 1 和 6～ 5g·L- 1 ,p H为 5.0 ,温度为 85～ 90°C时 ,可获得较佳性能的 Ni-P-PTFE镀层     

Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜摩擦磨损性能的研究

本文采用化学复合镀工艺在钛合金基体上共沉积Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜,并和传统的Ni-P镀层进行了比对,研究这两种镀层及钛合金基体在相同条件下的摩擦磨损性能。实验结果表明,化学镀Ni-P镀层和化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE镀膜都具有良好的耐磨和减摩性能,其中Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜的效果更为明显,可将钛合金表面的摩擦系数降至0.13左右。     

Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜摩擦磨损性能的研究

本文采用化学复合镀工艺在钛合金基体上共沉积Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜,并和传统的Ni-P镀层进行了比对,研究这两种镀层及钛合金基体在相同条件下的摩擦磨损性能。实验结果表明,化学镀Ni-P镀层和化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE镀膜都具有良好的耐磨和减摩性能,其中Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜的效果更为明显,可将钛合金表面的摩擦系数降至0.13左右。     

自润滑Ni-P-PTFE化学复合镀工艺及镀层性能

研究了Ni-P-PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)复合镀层的制备工艺,筛选出氟碳类阳离子表面活性剂FC4和非离子表面活性剂FC10,该混合表面活性剂使得粒子具有很好的分散性和悬浮性．在此基础上研究了不同PTFE含量对镀速及镀层性能的影响．结果表明,随着PTFE浓度提高,镀速下降,复合镀层中的粒子含量增加,镀层的硬度相应减小,其耐蚀性也有所下降．而PTFE粒子对Ni-P的晶化温度基本没有影响,摩擦磨损试验表明,该复合镀层与GCr15对磨其摩擦系数低至0．1,具有良好的自润滑效果,而且耐磨性也较Ni-P镀层好。     

化学镀Ni-P-PTFE(聚四氟乙稀)的研究

在电镀液、化学镀液中加入非水溶性的固体颗粒使其与金属离子共沉积在镀件上,对改善镀层的使用性能具有特殊意义.PTFE对提高镀层的润滑性与耐磨性起重要作用[1、2].文章就化学镀Ni-P-PTFE镀液性质;镀液中PTFE含量对镀层的沉积速度,镀层中PTFE含量的影响,镀液的温度对沉积速度及镀层中PTFE含量的影响进行研究;对镀层的性能:孔隙率、成分、密度、硬度、镀层晶化温度、电化学特征参数等进行了测定,从而为实际应用提供了依据.     

预处理工艺对铜基材表面化学镀Ni-P-PTFE复合涂层的影响

研究铜基预处理工艺过程中不同除油温度和酸洗时间对Ni-P-PTFE复合涂层的微观结构和力学性能的影响.首先对H70黄铜进行不同工艺的预处理,然后在基体上先镀Ni-P层,最后化学镀Ni-P-PTFE复合涂层.通过控制预处理过程中除油温度和酸洗时间,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、纳米压痕仪和HSR-2M摩擦磨损试验机对涂层的微观结构和力学性能进行表征和测试.结果表明：不同除油温度和酸洗时间对Ni-P-PTFE复合涂层的微观组织、涂层硬度和摩擦因数均有较大的影响.当除油温度为70℃、酸洗时间为4 min时,可在基材上得到润滑性和硬度等综合性能优良的Ni-P-PTFE复合涂层,涂层硬度达到5.16 GPa,摩擦因数为0.135.     

表面活性剂对制备石英管薄膜电阻的影响

研究在复合电沉积过程中不同表面活性剂对镀层粒子SiO2含量、镀层形貌及电阻率的影响。用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、能谱等手段对镀层表面形貌、微观结构进行检测,并且使用万用电表和SDHC型数字点式测量仪对表面电阻率进行分析测量。实验结果表明,非离子和阳离子表面活性剂的联合使用有利于粒子和基质金属的共沉积,当非离子表面活性剂质量浓度为0.02 g/L,阳离子表面活性剂质量浓度为0.08 g/L时,镀层的微粒含量为3.53%,其电阻率为5.723 kΩ.μm,且表面形貌较好。     

稀土对热镀锌层耐蚀性的影响

实验研究了稀土元素对GI镀锌液的流动性、镀层厚度、镀层微观结构以及耐蚀性能的影响,初步探讨了稀土提高GI镀层耐蚀性的作用机理.结果表明:添加稀土具有细化镀层表面树枝晶、提高镀液流动性、降低镀层厚度和改善镀层耐蚀性的作用;镀层的耐腐蚀性随着稀土含量的增加先增后减,即稀土对镀层耐蚀性的影响存在一个最佳范围;实验条件下,稀土含量ω=0.045%～0.069%时,镀层的耐盐雾腐蚀性能约为纯锌层的2.8倍.     

载荷对纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层摩擦磨损性能的影响

用脉冲电沉积技术制备表面平整光亮的纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层.采用XRD、TEM、SEM、EDS等方法研究了纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层的微观组织结构、表面形貌和合金成分.研究了干滑动摩擦条件下纳米晶镀层的摩擦磨损性能、磨损后的组织结构和硬度的变化.结果表明：纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层的晶体结构为单相面心立方结构.镀层的摩擦系数和磨损量随着摩擦载荷的提高而增大,即镀层的耐磨性随载荷的提高而下降.摩擦磨损使纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层发生晶粒长大,摩擦载荷越大,磨损后镀层的硬度越低.     

铝合金表面电镀镍的耐腐蚀性能

在铝合金表面电镀镍,考察镀液温度、电流密度和镀液pH值等因素对镀层耐蚀性能的影响,获得最佳电镀条件下的镍镀层.选择3.50%NaCl溶液作为腐蚀介质,采用稳态阳极极化曲线法研究镀层的耐蚀性能.用SEM和XRD研究镍镀层在腐蚀前后的微观结构和表观形貌的变化.结果表明镀镍的最佳工艺条件为温度50℃、电流密度30mA/cm2、镀液pH值3.82.XRD测试表明镍镀层的结构为立方晶系,晶面择优取向为(111),腐蚀前后晶面择优取向不变,但(111)晶面的织构系数由35.35%增至61.73%,说明低指数晶面(111)具有较好的耐蚀性能.SEM测试表明最佳条件下制备的半光亮镍镀层均匀致密,具有较好的耐腐蚀性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with