桦甸油页岩固体热载体快速热解法干馏研究

建成了处理能力为 １０ｋｇ／ｈ固体热载体快速热解法干馏（简称新法干馏）连续实 验装置。在此装置上进行了桦甸油页岩热解实验，油页岩粒度０．５—２．５ｍｍ； 页岩灰 渣是热载体，温度为７００—７５０℃；油页岩干馏温度范围为４４５～５２４℃；热载体与原 料页岩比为３—４．油收率最佳干馏温度为４９０℃左右，油收率可达低温干馏试验收 率的 ９０％以上。干馏煤气热值 １４．６—２５．６ＭＪ／ｍ３．页岩灰渣含碳甚低。桦甸油页 岩采用新法干馏技术有一定经济效益。     

褐煤固体热载体干馏新技术工业性试验

在平庄建成褐煤固体热载体干馏新技术（ＤＧ）工业试验装置。热的粉焦作为热载体。装置干馏褐煤能力为１５０ｔ／ｄ．ＤＧ法工艺含煤流化提升干燥、煤焦混合加热干馏、流化提升加热粉焦和流化燃烧等过程。在该装置上进行陕庄褐煤干馏试验。反应器的干馏温度达６００℃，产生的煤 所热值的１７ＭＪ／ｍ＾３左右；轻焦油中酸性份为１２％，中性油为４２％；半焦粉活性好，热值高于原料煤，可作为无烟燃料或作为流化气化原料。试验褐煤     

移动床中稻壳与固体热载体混和传热干馏的试验研究

对稻壳在热载体移动床中的混合干馏规律进行了试验研究,设计了一套固体热载体温和干馏实验装置,测定各种工况下的稻壳混和平馏煤气产率、煤气组份与热值。试验表明：选择循环灰温度在７００～８００℃,稻壳与循环灰量的混和比例为１：６～１：１０为最佳运行参量。研究结果对于煤气－蒸汽联产技术中稻壳移动床干馏煤气炉的设计和运行具有现实的指导意义。     

自煤气中回收氨,二氧化碳生产碳酸氢铵

以干馏煤气或城市煤气中的ＣＯ２和ＤＨ３直接合成ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３较其他 ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３生产方法更简便,有效。适合我国遍地开花的需要。通过实验证明用低浓度的ＮＨ４ＯＨ溶液吸收煤气中的ＣＯ２然后通过蒸馏,结晶方法得到ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３ 结晶是可行的。考察了ＮＨ４ＯＨ的不同浓度Ｃ及不同的液气比Ｒ对ＣＯ２吸收效率和氨逸出的影响,得出以Ｃ＝１．５～２．５％,Ｒ＝１．０～１．５较好。蒸馏釜顶部温度控制在 ７５～９０℃,结晶罐入口混合气温度在３５℃时,可得到干燥的结晶。产品产率分别以 ＣＯ２或 ＮＨ３ 为基准计算时均可得到 ７０％和８４％以上的产率。 本文并对工业生产上之方法及采用的设备提出了初步意见。     

低乙烯气调贮藏对“秦美”猕猴桃的品质和货架期的影响

“秦美”猕猴桃含可溶性固形物达到６．２－６．５％时进行采收。在０±０．５℃,Ｏ２２－３％,ＣＯ２３－５％,相对湿度＞９０％,乙烯浓度＜０．０１ｐｐｍ环境中贮藏６个月。结果表明,果实硬度５．５２ｋｇ／０．５ｃｍ２,可溶性固形物含量１２－１４％;果实新鲜饱满、风味正常,具有猕猴桃的固有特性,货架期１５－２０天。     

气相色谱内标法测定反应液中邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

采用φ３＊０．５＊０．５＊２０００不锈钢柱内填充１５％ＳＥ－５４／Ｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｒｂ（８０－１００目）,柱温１４０℃,检测器温度２８０℃,汽化温度３００℃,载气（Ｎ２）流速（３．８圈）６．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ。氢气流速（４．４圈）２５ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ,助燃气（空气）流速（５．５圈）２００ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ display structure     

绿色木霉固态发酵产纤维素酶条件及酶性质的研究

对绿色木霉 Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｅｒｍａ　ｖｉｒｉｄｅ９４０５固态发酵产纤维素酶的条件及酶的性质进行了研究。结果表明,最适产酶条件为：秸秆粉与麸皮的比 ７：３;玉米秸秆粉培养基含水量２５０％;花生皮粉培养基含水量１５０％;ｐＨ４．０～４．５;温度３０℃;周期７２ｈ。在玉米秸秆粉固体培养基上,所产纤维素酶ＣＭＣ活力为１３８６ｕ／ｇ,ＦＰＡ活力为２１７ｕ／ｇ,棉花糖化力为３２５ｕ／ｇ。必作用的最适条件为ｐＨ４． ５～５． ０,温度 ５０℃;在 ４５℃以下, ｐＨ３． ５～６． ０之间比较稳定,室温放置半年,酶活保存率在９０％以上。     

La－Sm－Sn－O烧绿石型甲烷氧化偶联催化剂的研制

为了研制用于从天然气制取乙烯的，具有良好的催化活性、选择性和稳定性的催化剂，用溶胶－凝胶法合成了系列稀上－锡复合氧化物Ｌａ２－ｘＳｍｘＳｎ２Ｏ７（ｘ＝０．０，０．５，１．０，１．５，２．０）．用ｘＲＤ对其结构研究表明：Ｌａ２－ｘＳｉｎｘＳｎ２Ｏ７，系列稀土－锡复合氧化物均具有烧绿石型结构，属立方晶系，空间群为Ｆ３ｄｍ．同时发现其晶胞参数ａｐｙｒ随Ｓｍ掺入量增加而近乎线性减小．并在脉冲激反应器上，对其催化活性进行评价．结果表明：Ｓｍ２Ｓｎ２Ｏ７复合氧化物对甲烷氧化偶联反应具有良好的催化活性，在ＣＨ４／Ｏ２＝４，温度在８００℃～９００℃，Ｘ＝２．０时，Ｃ２选择性为３８．１％，产率为９．２％，其中Ｃ２＝的选择性为２７．９％，产率为６．４％．同时发现晶格缺陷的形成有利于催化剂催化活性的提高．     

机械活化苏打溶液分解白钨中矿试验研究

在投矿量为２００ｇ／次和１ｋｇ／次的规模下，进行了机械活化苏打溶液分解柿竹园白钨中矿的试验研究。结果表明，在苏打用量为理论量３倍、１８５～１９５℃保温１．５ｈ的条件下，连续２０次分解，渣含不溶ＷＯ＿３平均为０．２５％，钨平均分解率为９８．６％；在苏打用量为理论量２．５倍、２０５℃保温１．０ｈ的条件下，钨分解率为９８．４％。５ｋｇ／次规模下试验结果表明，钨分解率可达９８．３％。     

黑曲霉AJ1958菊粉酶的产生和性质

从菊芋根际土壤中分离出一株菊粉酶（ＩｎｕｌｉｎａｓｅＥ．Ｃ．３．２．１．７）产生菌，经物理和化学诱变得高酶活黑曲霉突变株ＡＪ１９５８．该菌株在培养基（０．０７ｇ／ｍＬ菊芋提取液１０００ｍＬ，豆饼粉５ｇ，麸皮５ｇ，ＫＣＩ０．７ｇ，ＦｅＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０１ｇ，ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５ｇ，ＰＨ５．０）中，于３０℃振荡培养３ｄ，酶活力可达６４μｍｏｌ·ｍｉｎ－１．酶水解反应的最适ＰＨ为３．０～４．０，最适温度为６０℃，在ＰＨ２．５～５．５的范围内和７５℃以下较稳定．适宜条件下，１０ｈ内０．０５ｇ／ｍＬ的菊粉溶液中之底物几乎１００％被酶水解．产物糖中果糖质量分数为９３％，葡萄糖质量分数为５．６％．该突变株产生的菊粉酶具有较满意的水解性和热稳定性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with