蒙药槟榔十三味丸(高尤-13)对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠肝肾毒性的影响

为观察槟榔十三味丸(高尤-13)对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠肝肾毒性的影响,随机将48只Wistar雄性大鼠根据蔗糖水消耗量分为6组:槟榔十三味丸低、中、高剂量组(0.25,0.5,1.0 g·kg~(-1)),氟西汀组(3.3 mg·kg-1),模型组和正常对照组,每组8只.除正常对照组外,其余大鼠均采用慢性轻度不可预见性应激结合孤养方法制备抑郁模型,造模同时灌胃给药,每日1次,连续给药28 d后,检测大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、尿素(UREA)、肌酐(CREA)含量,HE染色法观察肝肾组织形态学变化.结果显示:模型组大鼠较正常对照组血清ALT含量显著升高(P<0.01),肝细胞轻度肿胀、变性,肝窦缩窄,细胞界限不清(P<0.05).槟榔十三味丸低、中、高剂量组较模型组血清ALT含量显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),给药各组与氟西汀组大鼠的肝脏未见与药物相关的毒性病变(P>0.05).各组大鼠血清AST、UREA、CREA含量无显著差异,肾脏病理变化不显著(P>0.05).说明槟榔十三味丸对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠无肝肾毒性,并具有肝损伤修复作用.     

重组人Elafin对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨重组人Elafin对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法建立大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤模型,给予不同浓度的重组人Elafin对其进行治疗,检测血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量,并对肝脏病理组织学改变进行观察。结果缺血再灌注后大鼠肝组织损害较重,血清ALT、AST及LDH水平明显升高(P0.001),若手术前给予大鼠一定浓度的重组人Elafin可对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤起到一定的保护作用。结论重组人Elafin对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用。     

桃核承气汤对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肝肾功能的保护

目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠不同时间点肝肾功能的变化情况及桃核承气汤对其影响的机制.方法:将120只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、SAP模型组、桃核承气汤组、奥曲肽组、桃核承气汤+奥曲肽组.除空白对照组外,其余各组采用L-精氨酸腹腔注射制备大鼠SAP模型,每组于12、24、48 h 3个时间点各处死8只大鼠,采用生化分析仪检测血清淀粉酶(AMY)、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)水平,观察肝肾组织病理变化.结果:与空白对照组相比,SAP模型组各时间点大鼠血清AMY、ALT、AST、BUN、Cr水平均显著升高(P0.05);3个治疗组与SAP模型组各检测标本的组间比较有统计学差异,且肝肾石蜡切片观察到细胞水肿出血及炎症浸润明显减轻(P0.05);桃核承气汤、奥曲肽对改善SAP大鼠肝肾功能及肝肾病理变化的主效应有统计学意义(P0.05),且两药合用存在交互作用(P0.05).结论:桃核承气汤对SAP大鼠的肝肾功能有良好的改善作用,保护肝肾细胞,减轻炎症反应并对机体起到保护作用,抑制SAP病情的发展.     

白藜芦醇对酒精性肝损伤大鼠保护作用的研究

研究白藜芦醇对大鼠血清指标及肝指数的影响,探讨白藜芦醇对肝损伤大鼠的保护作用.将72只雄性大鼠随机分为6组,空白对照组、模型对照组、低、中、高剂量组和阳性药物对照组.连续给药30 d后称取大鼠重量,取血清分别检测血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,并测定肝指数、肾指数、脾指数.结果表明,白藜芦醇能降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TG的水平(P0.05),提高了SOD的含量、降低了MDA的含量(P0.05).说明白藜芦醇具有降低大鼠ALT、AST的作用,对肝损伤大鼠具有肝保护作用.     

Sdr9c7~(+/-)小鼠的生长及高脂饲喂条件下血液生理生化指标分析

以野生型(Sdr9c7~(+/+))和杂合子型(Sdr9c7~(+/-))雄性小鼠为实验动物分析普通饲料和高脂饲料饲喂条件下Sdr9c7基因对小鼠生长发育的影响,并检测高脂饲喂条件下小鼠血液生理生化指标及肝脏脂肪变性情况。结果表明:1)与Sdr9c7~(+/+)小鼠相比,Sdr9c7~(+/-)小鼠发育正常,二者生长曲线无显著差异;2)高脂饲料喂养至15周龄时,两组间小鼠血液的葡萄糖(GLU)、血清总胆固醇(TCHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度胆固醇(LDL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、尿素(BUN)、肌酐(CREA)含量等无差异;至28周龄时,杂合子组小鼠血清的AST和ALT含量显著升高(P0.05),推测Sdr9c7与肝炎症相关。但肝脏系数和肝脏石蜡组织切片中细胞空泡面积无明显差异,说明Sdr9c7基因对肝脏脂肪变性没有影响。     

美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:采用56°红星二锅头制备大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型。通过检测大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TG水平和肝组织中GSH、SOD和MDA的水平,以及肝脏病理学检查来观察CⅡ-3的效果。结果:CⅡ-3能降低肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TG的水平(P<0.01),降低肝组织中MDA含量、提高SOD和GSH的活性(P<0.01);肝组织病理学观察可见,CⅡ-3各剂量组与模型组相比,大鼠肝脏脂肪变性、炎症坏死均有所减轻,高剂量组改善最为显著。结论:CⅡ-3对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤有明显的保护作用。     

葡萄籽原花青素对缺血再灌注肝脏氧化损伤和细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨葡萄籽原花青素对大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用、凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响。方法:SD雄性大鼠30只,复制肝缺血再灌注损伤模型。随机分为:假手术组;HIRI模型组;葡萄籽原花青素预处理(GSPE)组(160 mg/kg),每组10只。于再灌注后3 h检测肝组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)的含量;光镜下比较各组肝组织形态学的变化;免疫组化法检测GSPE对凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2,Bax表达的影响。结果:与HIRI模型组比较,GSPE预处理组血清ALT、AST水平明显降低(P0.05);肝组织GSH-Px、SOD的活性明显升高(P0.05),而MDA含量下降(P0.05)。光镜下GSPE预处理组肝细胞损伤程度较模型组明显减轻;免疫组化结果显示,GSPE预处理组肝组织Bcl-2蛋白的表达量较模型组明显增多,而Bax蛋白的表达量则较模型组明显减少。结论:GSPE对缺血再灌注肝脏具有一定的抗氧化损伤和抗凋亡的作用。     

矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷抑制环氧丙酰胺诱导的MDA-MB-231细胞内谷胱甘肽的降低

为探讨食源性成分降低丙烯酰胺及主要致毒代谢物环氧丙酰胺对人体的危害作用,利用比色法、酶活性检测及免疫分析等方法,从细胞谷胱甘肽及其相关酶解毒的角度,研究了不同浓度的矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对环氧丙酰胺引起的人类乳癌细胞MDA-MB-231毒性的影响. 结果表明,与环氧丙酰胺单独处理的细胞相比,矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷预处理后,能够显著降低细胞毒性及胞内活性氧水平,明显提高细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽含量,抑制谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶与谷胱甘肽S转移酶活性的升高,并且提高两种酶的蛋白表达量. 矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对环氧丙酰胺引起的MDA-MB-231细胞毒性具有明显的抑制作用.      

藏药波棱瓜子有效成分波棱素对ConA诱导的免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的通过建立ConA诱导的免疫性肝损伤动物模型,研究波棱瓜子有效成分波棱素对免疫性肝损伤的保护作用.方法一次性动物尾静脉注射刀豆球蛋白(20mg/kg)建立小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,考察不同剂量的波棱素对小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),以及肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量(或活性)的影响.结果小鼠尾静脉注射ConA后,模型组小鼠血清AST、ALT等活性明显升高,说明ConA诱导的损伤模型造模成功.给予波棱素药物后,与模型组相比较,波棱素能明显降低小鼠ALT、AST和LDH活性,降低小鼠肝组织MDA的含量;升高肝组织SOD和GSH-Px的活性.结论波棱素能明显减轻ConA诱导的小鼠肝组织损伤,改善其炎症反应,保护肝脏组织.     

蒙药地格达-4味汤及药对保肝作用的比较研究

目的:比较三个药对及全方地格达-4味汤对急性肝损伤大鼠的生物效应,进而验证地格达-4味汤配伍的合理性和科学性.方法:取150只大鼠,按体重随机分正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、肋柱花加栀子大中小三个剂量组、肋柱花加胡黄连大中小三个剂量组、肋柱花加瞿麦大中小三个剂量组、地格达-4味汤大中小三个剂量组等15组.给药14天后,各给药组大鼠腹腔注射D-半乳糖胺(D-GlaN) 300mg/kg进行造模,采用全自动生化分析仪测定各组血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移梅(ALT)含量,继而比较药对及全方血清AST和ALT含量.结果:地格达-4味汤可明显降低D-GlaN致肝损伤大鼠的血清AST和ALT含量(P＜0.05).肋柱花加栀子药对大和中剂量组AST含量明显降低,差异显著(P＜0.05);而ALT含量无明显变化(P＞0.05).肋柱花加栀子小剂量组未能明显降低血清AST、ALT含量(P＞0.05).药对肋柱花加瞿麦和肋柱花加胡黄连组均未能明显降低血清AST、ALT含量(P＞0.05).结论:地格达-4味汤全方对D-GlaN致急性肝损伤的保护作用优于药对.因此,本实验可提示地格达-4味汤配伍的合理性和科学性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with