根癌农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系的研究

采用农杆菌介导法,对骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系进行研究.结果表明：进行遗传转化的合适条件为：愈伤诱导培养基MS＋6-BA 0.4 mg/L＋2,4-D 1.2 mg/L;浸染之前对愈伤组织进行6d的避光培养可提高愈伤组织在共培养过程中的成活率;愈伤组织在OD600=0.4～0.6的农杆菌菌液中浸染10 min,农杆菌LBA4404的生长情况最好;在28℃黑暗条件下共培养放置16 d对转化最适宜;头孢霉素的抑菌浓度为250 mg/L;卡那霉素的筛选浓度为125 mg/L.经PCR检测,初步证明外源目的基因已整合到骏枣基因组中,初步实现了农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化,与以骏枣茎叶外植体建立的遗传转化体系相比,以骏枣愈伤组织为外植体共培养时间长,有利于转化.     

胡萝卜下胚轴遗传转化体系的优化

【研究目的】优化胡萝卜下胚轴转化体系,为胡萝卜基因工程研究提供一个简便而快捷的方法;【方法】以胡萝卜下胚轴为外植体,对农杆菌介导的的遗传转化体系进行优化;【结果】实验结果表明:1)将MS培养基的有机成分进行调整配制成基本培养基MST,有利于愈伤组织的诱导,但不利于苗的分化与再生培养;2)农杆菌侵染外植体的时间为15 min,共培养时间为50 h,获得抗性愈伤组织诱导率达78%;3)羧苄青霉素的浓度从愈伤组织诱导阶段的500 mg/L下降到苗再生阶段的100 mg/L时,提高抗性苗再生率到88%;【结论】通过体系的优化,极大的提高了胡萝卜下胚轴的转化效率,为胡萝卜基因工程的研究提供有效的技术平台。     

原球茎为转化受体的农杆菌介导石斛遗传转化

以携带双元载体pCAMBIA1305.1的农杆菌菌株EHA105转化石斛种子萌发形成的原球茎,通过GUS瞬时表达检测对受体状态、农杆菌活化条件、共培养时间等转化影响因子进行了优化;共培养4 d的原球茎接种到含有30 mg/L潮霉素(Hyg)和500 mg/L头孢噻肟钠的愈伤组织诱导与增殖培养基上以获得潮霉素抗性的愈伤组织,抗性愈伤组织在含Hyg 50 mg/L的再生培养基上再生植株,抗性株经GUS组织化学、PCR和PCR-southem blot检测证明为转化株。     

金线莲组培苗快速培养研究

通过筛选金线莲外植体诱导愈伤组织、不定芽诱导分化和无根苗壮苗生根的最佳培养基配方,建立金线莲组培苗快速繁育体系．结果表明,在5种外植体中,叶柄和茎两部分外植体能诱导出愈伤组织;叶柄诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基配方为1/2 MS+NAA 0.6 mg/L+ZT 0.5 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L,培养50 d后统计愈伤组织诱导率为95.0%;不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为1/2 MS+ZT 0.4 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+6-BA 1.5 mg/L,培养30 d统计不定芽诱导率达93%;金线莲壮苗生根最佳培养基为1/2 MS+活性炭1 g/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L,培养40 d统计生根率为100%,且组培苗长势健壮;将组培苗移至由草炭泥和锯末(1∶1)组成的基质中,在温度(20±2)℃,相对湿度在90%左右和光照强度为400 lx的条件下培养25 d后统计金线莲苗的存活率为88%.     

水稻籼粳杂种四倍体的人工诱导

以一种极端类型籼粳亚种的二倍体杂种为材料,杂种幼穗的愈伤组织用秋水仙碱处理获得四倍体植株.幼穗在含不同浓度的2,4-D和KT的培养基上愈伤组织的诱导率不同,2,4-D为2.0mgL,KT为1.0mg/L,愈伤组织的诱导率最高,达55.6%.秋水仙碱在500mg/L的浓度加倍效果最高,达40%.同时比较分蘖期秧苗和萌发种子的诱导率,仍以愈伤组织的加倍效果最好.     

番茄花药培养愈伤组织诱导及不定芽形成的研究

为了建立番茄花药愈伤组织诱导及分化的实验体系,通过花药离体培养并设计不同的试验处理,以6个番茄品种的花药为试材,研究了植物生长调节剂、蔗糖浓度、硝酸银浓度、基因型和培养基对番茄花药培养愈伤组织诱导率及不定芽形成的影响.结果表明:培养基中添加1.0mg/L的2,4-D和0.5mg/L的KT,里格尔87-5和石番9号愈伤组织诱导率都达最高;培养基中加入30g/L的蔗糖,里格尔87-5的愈伤组织诱导率达20.24%;培养基中加入10μmol/L的硝酸银,花药组织褐化率较对照降低了70.59%,当浓度超过50μmol/L,褐化率增高,出愈率略有降低;不同基因型愈伤组织发生率明显不同,相同培养条件下,里格尔87-5的诱导率高达21.43%,而粉B二号的诱导率仅有0.46%;培养基中加入175g/L的马铃薯汁、0.1%的活性炭,6个材料的愈伤组织平均诱导率较对照分别降低了35.14%、95.48%.番茄花药愈伤组织在MS+6-BA 2mg/L+ZT 0.5mg/L+IAA 0.1mg/L培养基上可再分化成不定芽,不定芽诱导率达15.15%.     

薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化研究

本文研究了薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化的影响因素。以薄荷茎段为外植体,研究培养基、激素水平对愈伤组织诱导、增殖培养的影响;以叶片为外植体,探讨叶片的愈伤组织诱导;以茎段、叶片和叶柄为外植体材料,比较不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导率。实验结果表明:MS比1/2 MS、B5培养基更适于茎段的诱导培养,诱导率达80%;叶片愈伤组织的诱导率为100%,以MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基;幼叶是不同外植体中诱导效果最好的,以MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基。     

日本结缕草茎节和愈伤组织再生体系的优化

分别以日本结缕草的成熟胚和茎节为外植体,建立并优化了2套组培再生体系.实验结果表明:利用成熟胚诱导愈伤组织,适宜诱导培养基为MS基本培养基添加2 mg/L 2,4-D配合0.2 mg/L 6-BA,诱导率为42.5%;继代培养可改善愈伤组织状态,增加胚性,其中增加培养基渗透压,并适当添加ABA(0.2 mg/L),可明显提高胚性愈伤组织比率;继代2次后的愈伤组织在3种细胞分裂素6-BA,KT,ZT适当配比的分化培养基上,分化率可达到50%~75%.在以茎节为外植体的组培体系中消毒处理和预培养是比较关键的环节;预培养时MS培养基效果优于1/2 MS,在MS基本培养基中添加0.25 mg/L KT,1.0 mg/L ZT和0.1 mg/L NAA为比较适合的芽诱导培养基,诱导率可达37.9%.同时,比较了两套再生体系的优缺点,为日后日本结缕草的遗传转化奠定基础.     

青钱柳幼胚愈伤组织的诱导

以青钱柳幼胚为外植体,研究了不同幼胚期、基本培养基种类、植物生长调节剂种类及其浓度配比对愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,不同发育期的幼胚诱导出的愈伤组织在形态上差异较大,青钱柳种子发育至子叶胚中期较适合愈伤组织的诱导。青钱柳幼胚愈伤诱导时基本培养基以改良DKW效果最佳,诱导率达到了88.89%,且无褐化现象;含2,4-D与KT组合的培养基较适宜愈伤组织的诱导,其中2,4-D(0.5 mg/L)+KT(2.0 mg/L)和2,4-D(1.0 mg/L)+KT(1.0 mg/L)的组合对青钱柳幼胚诱导愈伤组织效果最佳,诱导率分别为80.00%和78.33%。     

Ce(NO_3)_3对盾叶薯蓣茎段愈伤组织生长和不定根诱导影响的研究

为研究硝酸铈对盾叶薯蓣快速繁殖的影响,采用以盾叶薯蓣茎段为外植体,在其愈伤诱导培养基、丛生芽培养基及生根培养基中添加不同浓度的Ce3+.结果表明,含Ce3+为5 mg/L的培养基可显著提高愈伤组织诱导率,含Ce3+1 mg/L的培养基丛生芽诱导率最高;1~15 mg/L的Ce3+对盾叶薯蓣组培苗生根有明显的促进作用,5 mg/L的Ce3+显示出最强的促进效应.可以认为,一定浓度Ce3+对诱导愈伤组织生长、丛生芽萌发及不定根生长有促进作用,但高浓度的Ce3+均对其呈现抑制效应.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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