核反应堆控制棒水压驱动技术

介绍了控制棒水压驱动系统的技术方案、工作原理、技术效果和安全特性。在对清华大学发明的水力驱动控制棒系统深入研究的基础上,结合商用压水堆磁力提升器的优点,开发一种新型内置式控制棒驱动技术。该驱动技术解决了磁力提升器把驱动机构置于核反应堆压力壳外的缺点,但保留了抓式机构驱动的优点;解决了水力驱动控制棒系统动压驱动因工况变化而引起的驱动特性的复杂性的缺点,继承了内置式控制棒驱动机构不贯穿压力壳、传动线短、避免了弹棒事故等优点。该驱动技术主要应用于一体化布置核反应堆,可以推广到其他研究堆。     

10MW高温气冷试验堆控制棒驱动系统试验样机性能试验研究

就１０ＭＷ高温气冷试验堆控制棒驱动系统试验样机的装配调试及运行试验的过程和结果进行阐述和分析，试验结果表明该控制棒驱动系统的结构设计合理，各项性能达到设计要求，试验获得成功     

HTR－10控制棒及第二停堆系统反应性当量计算

介绍了ＨＴＲ－１０高温气冷实验堆位于反射层中的控制棒和作为第二停堆系统的硼球孔道的反应性当量计算方法。用ＷＩＭＳ（积分输运碰撞几率法）程序、ＧＡＭ、ＴＨＥＲＭＯＳ程序方法产生控制棒区的截面。用一维离散坐标法程序ＯＮＥＳＮ１产生泄漏谱，在控制棒区的Ｂ４Ｃ从１０群截面归并为４群截面；用二维离散坐标法程序ＳＮ２ＤＢ，在控制棒区（包括Ｂ４Ｃ、空隙和部分石墨反射层）考虑空间效应做均匀化４群截面。有控制棒和无控制棒情况下的Ｋｅｆｆ本征值，是由三维扩散有限差分程序ＣＩＴＡＴＩＯＮ在（θ，ｒ，ｚ）坐标系条件下做出的，并给出控制棒的反应性当量。     

10MW高温气冷试验堆控制棒驱动系统试验样机性能试验研究

就１０ＭＷ高温气冷试验堆控制棒驱动系统试验样机的装配调试及运行试验的过程和结果进行阐述和分析，试验结果表明该控制棒驱动系统的结构设计合理，各项性能达到设计要求，试验获得成功。     

水力步进缸系统动态保持特性研究

水力步进缸系统是以流体动压为动力的反应堆新型控制棒驱动装置。本文将整个水力步进缸系统纳入分析,提出了系统的非恒定流模型,并用这种模型对水力步进缸系统的动态保持特性进行了理论研究和实验验证,理论研究结果与实验结果较好的吻合,验证了计算模型建立的合理性,本文从理论上论证了水力步进缸系统在保持态具有“水力自锁”特性,计算出了系统的固有频率。     

压水堆核电厂控制棒寿命分析

核电厂控制棒组件在反应堆堆芯承担功率调整和安全停堆重要功能.良好状态下的控制棒组件是核电厂安全运行的基本保障.近年来,国内外核电厂控制棒组件落棒试验超差,卡棒和破损等事件时有发生,严重影响到了反应堆安全和电厂可靠性.国内核电厂控制棒运行经验少,且没有控制棒更换的相关法规或标准,这使得对控制棒寿命分析尤为重要.该文通过对压水堆核电厂控制棒在反应堆运行过程中的主要缺陷分析,以及对控制棒在各循环棒价值测量数据分析,提出了压水堆核电厂控制棒使用寿命建议.     

水力驱动控制棒的失重和超重工况运动特性

针对将水力驱动控制棒系统应用于可移动海水淡化装置时可能会遇到的失重、超重等问题,该文模拟装置以不同方式变速上升或下降较大距离,建立理论模型分析控制棒的运动特性。通过对计算结果进行分析,得出不同温度、流量下水力驱动控制棒系统不出现异常提棒现象的临界加速度。结果表明,对于200MW低温核供热堆装置,可移动海水淡化装置的上升和下降加速度均应小于0.112g。     

水力驱动控制棒热态极限落棒能力分析

控制棒驱动机构是核反应堆的关键设备,其是否正常运行直接关系到核反应堆的安全性。该文对水力驱动控制棒系统在摩擦力卡棒和倒置等极限工况下的停堆问题,提出了步进缸内腔卸压的解决方法,并在热态实验研究的基础上,建立了正置落棒和倒置插棒的理论模型。分析了极限落棒过程参数(位移、速度和棒内外差压)的变化规律,得到了摩擦力卡棒和倒置等极限工况下控制棒插入堆芯的能力。结果表明:在极限工况下水力驱动控制棒有足够能力插入堆芯。     

控制棒水力驱动系统在摇摆工况下的运行特性

通过由控制棒水力驱动系统实验本体、六自由度船舶运动模拟器及测量与控制系统组成的实验装置，进行了实验本体随模拟器摇摆时控制棒的步升、步降及全程快速落棒实验，还进行了实验本体横倾４５°静态下的快速落棒实验，取得了一系列实验数据。实验结果表明：控制棒水力驱动系统在摇摆角达３５°，周期为１０ｓ时仍具有良好的运行可靠性和固有安全性；在横倾４５°时仍能靠重力顺利落棒。因而该系统经过适当改进后可以满足摇摆工况下要求，为该系统应用于船用核动力堆提供了实验依据。     

HTR-10各运行阶段控制棒反应性当量计算

介绍了10 MW高温气冷反应堆(HTR-10)位于反射层中的控制棒反应性当量的计算方法.用GAM和THERMOS程序分别产生堆芯、反射层、含硼碳砖及控制棒组成材料的超热群和热群截面.用二维离散纵标法程序SN2D在(r,θ)坐标系下作详细控制棒结构的模型计算,该模型包括堆芯、反射层及反射层外的含硼碳砖,控制棒位于反射层中.含硼碳砖的外表面为自由边界,以考虑反射层中的中子泄漏谱.按通量权重归并控制棒区(包括控制棒、空隙及石墨反射层的整个圆环)的均匀化截面.全堆有控制棒和无控制棒情况下的Keff本征值,是由有限差分程序CITATION在(r,z)坐标系下计算出的,并由此得到控制棒的反应性当量.文中给出了HTR-10各运行阶段(包括初装堆、过渡过程中期和后期、平衡换料等时期)的控制棒的反应性当量.初装堆控制棒的反应性积分与微分当量也在文中给出.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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