[BMIm]BF4离子液体修饰的铜纳米粒子的制备

在[BMIm]BF4离子液体的修饰下,用抗坏血酸还原CuCl2 溶液制备出了铜纳米粒子。Cu2+浓度对铜纳米粒子的尺寸有着非常明显的影响。当Cu2+浓度小于2×10-2mol/L时,所制备的铜纳米粒子的直径小于10nm。还原反应的pH值和温度对铜纳米离子的尺寸没有明显影响。     

核壳结构Ni@SiO_2纳米粒子的可控合成及磁性能研究

采用了简单的液相还原方法,以硼氢化钠为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP-K30)作为高分子表面活性剂,成功合成了分散性较好、尺寸比较均一的镍纳米粒子.通过改变氯化镍以及PVP的用量,获得多种尺寸和形貌的镍纳米颗粒.以分散性较好的镍纳米粒子为包裹对象,碱催化正硅酸乙酯水解缩合,制备了形貌可控的Ni@Si O2核壳结构纳米粒子,并系统研究了乙醇与水的比例、正硅酸已酯的用量以及反应速度对其形貌的影响。运用XRD、TEM、SEM、EDS等技术分别对所合成的产品进行表征,磁性能测试表明该复合纳米粒子在低温下具有很大的矫顽力,为2350 Oe.     

本期导读

近来Cu2O及其相关材料的研究引起科研工作者的极大兴趣,中央民族大学王文忠研究员等的论文《非离子表面活性剂辅助液相合成Cu2O纳米线及其结构和性能研究》对所合成的Cu2O纳米线的形貌、结晶性、红外吸收特征及生长机制等进行了一系列研究,指出Cu2O纳米线是由于吸附在PEG长链上的Cu2O纳米粒子,通过彼此间的相互连接并沿着PEG长链自组装而形成的.该论文首次提出利用非离子表面活性剂PEG为软模板,通过简单的液相化学还原法大规模合成半导体Cu2O纳米线的新方法.本方法制备的Cu2O纳米线尺寸(直径)小、分布均匀,且纳米线的产率大、纯度…     

有机碱水热合成法制备BaTiO3纳米粒子

以四甲基氢氧化铵为矿化剂,通过水热合成方法制备出钛酸钡纳米粒子.分别讨论了钡源、钡离子浓度、反应前驱体pH值以及反应时间和温度对钛酸钡纳米粒子大小和形状的影响.结果表明：采用四甲基氢氧化铵有机碱作为矿化剂,可以比较容易制备出呈明显单分散性分布的钛酸钡纳米粒子,而且粒子纯度高.通过改变反应条件可以合成出不同尺寸的纳米粒子.是制备单分散BaTiO3纳米粒子的一个十分有效的方法.     

超声波合成技术在纳米羟基磷灰石制备中的应用

采用超声波合成技术,以硝酸钙和磷酸氢二铵为原料,在恒温、常压下,通过控制合成过程中的超声时间、超声功率,成功合成了粒子尺寸为20nm×50nm、粒度分布窄、分散性好的针状晶体纳米羟基磷灰石.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X衍射(XRD)来表征粒子的表面形貌和相组成,透射电镜来表征粒子尺寸.讨论了不同合成条件对纳米羟基磷灰石晶体的形态、尺寸及其分散性的影响.结果表明,最佳超声功率为80W、超声时间为1.5h合成出的纳米羟基磷灰石粉末的分散性最好.     

单分散MnO纳米粒子的可控制备

研究了不同实验条件对MnO纳米粒子尺寸和形貌调控的影响.采用高温分解法以油酸锰为前驱体成功可控制备了3nm、6nm、10nm、20nm等多种粒径的MnO纳米粒子,并通过透射电子显微镜对其进行了表征.结果表明:反应温度、表面活性剂用量、溶剂用量等对纳米粒子的大小都有一定的影响.随着反应温度的升高,MnO纳米粒子的尺寸逐渐增加,而表面活性剂的用量增大则导致MnO纳米粒子的尺寸变小,增加溶剂用量有利于合成较大尺寸的MnO纳米粒子.此外,还分别用CTAB、DMSA、多巴胺等对MnO纳米粒子进行修饰,结果显示表面经亲水性处理后纳米粒子增加了水溶性,使其更好地用于生物成像和载药.     

室温液相合成Cu（OH）2纳米线及其结构

提出了一种室温下于水相溶液中大规模合成Cu（OH）2纳米线的新方法．用X-射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）研究了所合成的Cu（OH）2纳米线的成分、形貌和结晶性．结果表明Cu（OH）2纳米线的尺寸分布均匀,平均直径约为9nm,长度达数百微米．HRTEM研究表明Cu（OH）2纳米线是含有多晶成分的晶体．根据Cu（OH）2的结构特征和溶液中Cu^2＋与配位体之间的相互作用,对Cu（OH）2纳米线的形成机制给出合理的解释．     

Cu纳米粒子的光化学制备及其可逆生长-溶解现象简

采用光化学方法在五水硫酸铜（CuSO4·5 H2 O）的乙二醇溶液中制备了Cu纳米粒子,通过反应过程中的紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）探讨了反应历程。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了产物的形貌、物相、晶体结构和化学组成,并研究了光化学法制备Cu纳米粒子的反应参数。研究结果证明了反应仅在隔绝空气,紫外光引发的条件下才能发生,发现了生成的Cu纳米粒子敞口静置时会被溶解在胶体中的氧气逐渐氧化,再次在隔绝空气的条件下用紫外光照射后,又会重新生成Cu纳米粒子的现象,并讨论了出现这一现象的原因。而加入三乙醇胺后,同样在隔绝空气,紫外复色光照射的情况下,Cu纳米粒子会优先生长在表面上,采用这种方法,在氧化铟锡（ITO）导电玻璃上制备得到了Cu纳米粒子。     

Cu纳米粒子的光化学制备及其可逆生长-溶解现象

采用光化学方法在五水硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)的乙二醇溶液中制备了Cu纳米粒子,通过反应过程中的紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)探讨了反应历程。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了产物的形貌、物相、晶体结构和化学组成,并研究了光化学法制备Cu纳米粒子的反应参数。研究结果证明了反应仅在隔绝空气,紫外光引发的条件下才能发生,发现了生成的Cu纳米粒子敞口静置时会被溶解在胶体中的氧气逐渐氧化,再次在隔绝空气的条件下用紫外光照射后,又会重新生成Cu纳米粒子的现象,并讨论了出现这一现象的原因。而加入三乙醇胺后,同样在隔绝空气,紫外复色光照射的情况下,Cu纳米粒子会优先生长在表面上,采用这种方法,在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃上制备得到了Cu纳米粒子。     

单分散水性硫普罗宁包覆金纳米粒子可控制备

利用紫外-可见光谱（UV-vis）、X衍射（X-ray Diffraction,XRD）和透射电子显微镜（Transmission Electron Microscope,TEM）等研究小尺寸水溶性金纳米粒子的可控制备.在乙酸和甲醇（体积比为1：6）的混合系统中,通过NaBH4对三水氯金酸还原,将硫普罗宁分子包覆到金纳米粒子表面,得到尺寸可控、稳定的硫普罗宁包覆的金纳米粒子水溶胶.通过控制金与硫普罗宁的摩尔比（Au/S比）,金纳米粒子的尺寸能够在2~8nm范围内得到有效控制.本文中,当Au/S比分别为1：3,1：1和3：1时,所合成的金纳米粒子的尺寸分别为（2.8±0.3）,（4.0±0.3）,（6.1±0.4）nm.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that