格栅安装角对喷水推进泵装置性能影响的数值模拟

为探究格栅安装角对喷水推进泵装置性能的影响,建立了"格栅+推进泵+进水流道+喷嘴+船底水体"的三维几何模型,基于计算流体动力学(CFD)技术对该模型进行数值计算,并对内流场特性、推力性能和水力性能展开分析.分析结果表明:格栅的安装会明显缩小泵装置纵剖面上的高速区范围,但格栅安装角对高速区范围变化影响不大;装设格栅后弯管断面和流道出口断面上的法向流速分布明显变化,随着安装角的增加,该影响减弱;流道出口断面水流较为平顺,法向流速均匀度欠佳,格栅的安装会加剧这种趋势;装设格栅后装置的推力减小,随着格栅安装角的增加,推力会逐渐恢复至无格栅方案时的推力水平;格栅安装角的变化对装置的水力性能影响并不明显;推荐格栅安装角γ选择5°.     

装有格栅的进水流道进水口流通能力的研究

运用计算流体动力学方法,分析了某喷水推进高速巡逻艇航速未达设计值的原因,对其中一个重要原因“进水口和格栅设计不当造成喷水推进泵流量偏离设计值进而致使喷水推进泵效率降低”进行了分析,提出了装有格栅的进水口“流通能力保持不变”的设计准则并应用于该实例进行验证．在此基础上总结了装有格栅的进水流道的一般设计方法：先设计一个最优的无格栅进水流道及进水口,运用“流通能力基本保持不变”准则再为加装格栅后的最优进水流道重新设计进水口．     

喷水推进船模旋转叶轮流场的数值分析

为建立喷水推进船的自航试验模型,采用虚拟盘模型和重叠网格模型对装船后喷水推进器内的旋转叶轮进行数值计算,探讨了2种数值计算模型所得喷水推进船模船体的外流场及推进器流道内的轴向速度分布,并分析了喷水推进船模的流场特性.结果表明:2种模型的船体外流场计算结果基本一致,但两者的推进器内流场计算结果存在明显差别,且重叠网格模型的计算结果更接近真实叶轮状态;2种模型都能够模拟喷水推进船模内、外的流场特性,且对局部压力分布和船尾射流造成的兴波干扰效果的模拟结果均具有一致性.     

船-泵相互作用对喷水推进器推进性能的影响

为研究喷水推进船快速性预报中船体与喷水推进器相互作用机理,借助于计算流体力学(CFD)方法研究船-泵相互作用对喷水推进器推进性能的影响.通过计算由k-ε湍流模型封闭的RANS方程,分别得到敞水条件下和考虑船体斜升角、纵倾等因素影响的装船后喷水推进器的三维黏性流场,敞水条件下计算结果与试验数据的良好吻合验证了数值模型和方法的可信性.不同斜升角和纵倾模型计算结果表明:船体斜升角和横倾对喷水推进器推进性能影响很小;船体尾升角和纵倾角的变化改变了船体边界层,对喷水推进器推进性能和作用因子影响很大;纵倾角由正变负,喷水推进器对船体边界层的利用增强,使流量变小,功率、推力和扬程变大;进流动量系数、进流能量系数、动量作用效率和能量作用效率均减小.喷水推进器也反作用于船体,产生使船体纵倾角减小的力矩.     

驼峰区内混流式喷水推进泵失速状态判别研究

为了对混流式喷水推进泵的驼峰区内失速状态进行判别,捕捉失速涡的位置、形态、尺度,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型对混流泵多工况下的内部流场进行数值计算。研究结果表明:伴随着旋转失速在叶轮流道内产生,混流式喷水推进泵扬程、效率皆呈现大幅度下降,能量损失严重;在叶轮进流面流动分离、出流面回流、旋转失速的综合作用下,混流式喷水推进泵在0.3Q_(des)～0.8Q_(des)的扬程曲线都呈现驼峰区特性;依据过流参数、内流特性、压力分布等评判指标对驼峰区各工况流动特性进行判别,明确了各工况下所对应的失速状态;通过捕捉初始失速工况下的失速涡,发现其紧附在叶片后缘吸力面侧,横跨整个叶轮流道,并有向下游叶片前缘延展趋势;失速状态下的来流在受到失速涡的卷吸效应及堵塞作用下,流动路径呈现多次偏折,部分来流在失速涡堵塞效应及泄漏流冲击的共同作用下,最终流向下游流道。     

基于流动诱导噪声的喷水推进泵进水流道优化

为降低喷水推进泵流动诱导噪声,以进水流道倾斜直管的倾斜角、唇部圆角半径、纵向总长、过渡弯管半径及进水口形状为优化参数,对进水流道结构进行了组合优化．基于分离涡混合模拟和声学有限元方法建立了喷水推进泵流动诱导噪声数值计算方法,并通过试验结果验证了数值计算方法的可靠性．基于数值计算,分析了不同进水流道方案下喷水推进泵的水动力性能、压力脉动特性和流动诱导噪声特性．结果表明：最优方案下喷水推进泵推力提高0.103%,扭矩提高7.7%;压力脉动幅值整体下降;流动诱导噪声主频处声压级幅值下降1.8 dB,全频段总声压级下降1.0 dB,中低频段和高频段总声压级分别下降1.0 dB和3.5 dB.     

喷水推进器进水流道参数化设计与应用

为了优质高效地设计喷水推进器的进水流道,使其流体动力性能综合兼优,提出了喷水推进器进水流道的一种参数化设计方法.该方法将进水流道的三维几何结构用16个相互关联的参数来描述和构建.流道背部与船体的交界区域以及流道的唇部等流动复杂的区域采用贝塞尔曲线构建.调整16个参数中任一参数的值,其他参数能够根据参数间的关联性自动变化,为快速、灵活、精确地构建和修改进水流道几何结构创造了条件.参数化方法设计的进水流道的综合流体动力性能采用计算流体力学方法进行数值计算,并根据分析结果有针对性地进行流道结构的再调整.将流道几何的参数化建模与流体动力性能的数值计算联合使用能够实现综合流体动力性能优良的进水流道的快速设计.该参数化设计方法用于某喷水推进艇进水流道改进设计时取得了良好效果.     

转速对微型喷水推进泵性能影响的试验研究

微型喷水推进泵的水力特性直接影响着喷水推进系统的效率。文章以功率小于400 W的微型喷水推进泵为模型,通过电机试验得出电机在不同转速情况下的特性,并针对喷水推进泵大流量、低扬程的特点搭建专门外特性试验台,对压力、流量等参数进行测量采集,得出不同转速情况下喷水推进泵的特性曲线。研究结果表明,喷水推进泵的转速对效率有着重要的影响,随着转速的增加,最优效率向大流量区域偏移,效率峰值也随着转速的增加而增大。在喷水推进泵设计完成后可以通过转速的优化控制得出最优的效率工作区,提高不同应用环境下喷水推进泵的工作时间。     

喷水推进泵通用特性曲线的计算流体动力学分析

通过联合数值模拟求得设计转速下泵扬程-流量和效率-流量曲线和泵相似定理,计算得到混流式喷水推进泵量纲为一的特性曲线。进一步由计算流体动力学(CFD)计算得到空化条件下泵扬程和效率随吸口比转速变化的修正函数曲线。叶片面涡空化由降低进口总压来实现,转速和流量输入参数由非空化条件下喷水推进系统CFD计算求得。在全航速范围内,该特性曲线还可作为比转速与该泵相近的混流式喷水推进泵通用的特性曲线模型。     

低扬程水泵装置水力特性参数换算研究综述

通过对低扬程泵装置水力特性参数换算方法及性能预测的机理进行理论分析研究,建立低扬程泵装置水力特性参数换算方法及性能预测本构模型.根据泵内机械摩擦损失、水力摩擦损失、非设计工况“撞击损失”、泵内泄漏损失、不同结构型式进出水流道水力损失机理,建立各分部效率乘积形式的水泵总效率表达式;通过与各种损失性质相关的分部效率计算系数的换算实现泵分部效率及总效率的换算.用计算流体动力学从理论上计算出泵装置内各部分损失与流道型式、雷诺数、比转数、过流部件粗糙度之间的关系,为效率换算及性能预测提供依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has