跨区域与区域内海上集装箱运输的干-支线网络优化

为优化集装箱运输方案,提出干-支线的运输网络形式.基于综合成本最小原则,构建干-支线集装箱运输网络优化模型,寻找两个区域间优化的干-支线航线组合方案.优化的航线方案包括干线挂靠港及挂靠次序、支线数量和每条支线的运行方案.基于环渤海港口群和美国西海岸两个港口间的集装箱出发地-目的地(O-D)矩阵对模型进行测试,利用遗传算法对模型进行求解,得到该区间干-支线集装箱运输网络的具体形式.     

轴辐式网络快递货运问题的混合遗传算法求解

目前具有区域集散地群的轴辐式网络快速货运是快递运输的主要形式.此类网络的物流优化问题是快递公司获得最佳效益所面临的关键问题.本文分析了轴辐式网络快递货运的特点,提出了单一轴点轴辐式网络快递货运问题的混合遗传算法求解办法.该算法采用混合编码方式,并将货运站车辆调度算法嵌入到遗传算法中形成混合遗传算法.实验结果表明,本文算法给出的轴辐式网络快递货运集散地群划分方案和货运站车辆调度方案合理可行,能达到节省运营成本的目的,从而使企业获得较好的经济效益.     

基于品牌延伸的我国快递业多元化发展

品牌延伸是快递企业实现多元化发展的有效渠道.基于品牌延伸视角,借鉴品牌延伸相似性评价模型,构建快递业品牌延伸的理论模型.同时采用问卷调查和实验分析的方法,对快递业品牌延伸的相似性模型进行验证分析,探究快递业多元化发展的策略方向.研究结果表明,快递企业应首先通过服务延伸完善物流方面的综合能力,进而向供应链的上下游开展延伸业务,向综合物流供应商发展,此外快递企业进行延伸时应首先关注消费者相似性,其次是人员相似性.     

快递业物流共同化实施策略探究

当前,随着支付平台的完善、INTERNET的广泛使用、物流的发展,BtoC电子商务在中国进入了大发展时期,物流快递业随之迅猛发展,但是当存在成本过高的问题,本文试图通过物流共同化策略的实施,对快递物流公司运作模式中的某些过程进行优化,在一定范围内降低快递行业的物流成本。     

智能快递柜在校园内的使用与优化

随着电子商务的发展,大学生网络购物非常频繁。然而快递业末端存在问题严重,智能快递柜应运而生。文章对高校快递业现状和智能快递柜进行了详细的介绍,并对智能快递柜存在的问题进行分析和总结。电子商务的兴起带动了快递业的蓬勃发展,大学生网购已经成为他们重要的生活方式。一些快递公司纷纷进驻大学校园,成立快递业务代理点,服务于高校师生的校园快递业务应运而生。目前国内有2800多所大中专院校,每所院校每天上千件的包裹,这些包裹由若干家快递公司进行派送,随着校园快递点的增多,综合管理、服务质量、安全隐私等方面的问题逐渐暴露出来。     

我国民营快递业的发展探析

近年来快递业务平均以30%以上的速度在递增,发展的潜力非常巨大,其中民营快递业竞争日趋激烈。本文在分析我国民营快递业市场竞争格局的基础上,针对目前我国物流快递业发展中存在的诸多问题,提出了相应的对策和建议,希望能促进我国民营快递业的健康发展。     

快递包装标准化成本收益分析

针对快递业一次性包装的浪费现象,定义成本收益公式,并运用成本收益分析法对我国的快递公司进行测算,得出实施标准化包装的盈利点、平衡点、亏损点,给快递企业决策提供参考性的意见.     

带软时间窗的多商品需求可拆分两阶段车辆路径问题研究

【目的】干线、支线作为电商企业物流配送的关键环节,其协同优化对降本增效意义重大。【方法】基于干线、支线实际运营特征,提炼出软时间窗、多车场、多商品、需求可拆分两阶段车辆路径问题,建立以车辆路径成本、固定派车成本和惩罚成本（违反配送时间要求）为优化目标的混合整数规划模型,基于派车次数和运输距离节约的贪婪思想,设计高效启发式求解算法,并借助27个小规模算例和8个较大规模算例对模型和算法的求解效果进行验证。【结果】实验结果表明：1）借助优化软件,模型在2个小时内能够求解5个区域中心仓库、20个中转仓库、4种商品的算例;2）所设计的启发式算法能够在较短时间内对现实中的较大规模问题求出可行解,求解能力和求解效率远优于优化软件CPLEX;3）问题复杂度随着问题规模（区域中心仓库数量、中转仓库数量、商品种类数量）增加急剧增加,中转仓库数量对问题复杂度的影响最大,区域中心仓库数量的影响次之,商品种类数的影响最小。4）针对较小规模算例,干线配送成本占比较大,随着算例规模增加,支线环节派车数量增幅较大,进而导致支线配送成本明显增加;5）增加车辆工作时长后,干线环节派车数量减幅较大,总配送成本显著降低。放宽第二阶段车容量限制,第二配送阶段的用车数量大幅度降低;【结论】研究成果不仅可拓展两阶段车辆路径问题现有理论,而且有助于电商企业实现多级配送网络高效协同运作;此外,通过优化配送方案,减少派车次数,有助于缓解城市交通压力,改善城市交通环境。     

城市智能快递转运枢纽模型设计

本文提出的"城市智能快递转运枢纽"模型的设计,以大城市武汉市为例,模拟物流快件在各枢纽站点的自动化运输流程,各站点配备机械手,自动进行快递运输车上货物的上货和下货为大城市智能快递网络布局和线路优化提供了一个新的思路。     

低碳情景下的复合轴辐式快递网络规划

以快递网络规划问题为研究对象，分析了中国情境下多层级多服务水平复合轴辐式快递网络的特点，探讨了网络低碳化运营的内涵与情景，在此基础上构建了碳税和碳交易2种情形下的复合轴辐式快递网络规划决策模型，进而基于国内快递标杆企业的网络规划实践的实际数据、采用Lingo软件进行了相应的模型求解，分析了成本最小化目标与低碳化目标之间的关联与影响机理。研究结果表明，追求低碳化和节能减排并不会对传统的追求成本最小化目标的网络结构产生额外影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-