基于变结构自抗扰的欠驱动水面船舶航迹保持控制

针对受内部动态不确定和外界风流影响下的欠驱动水面船舶直线航迹保持问题,将变结构控制引入非线性自抗扰控制器中,在保证原控制器优点的同时,大大减少了需要整定的参数.同时构造降维方程,使航迹控制问题转变为简单的跟踪参考航向问题.仿真结果表明,新控制器具有较好的控制效果,可使船舶对直线航迹精确跟踪,且具有较强的鲁棒性.     

欠驱动智能水下机器人的自抗扰路径跟踪控制

为削弱欠驱动智能水下机器人(AUV)在路径跟踪过程中遇到的外界环境干扰和载体内部信号传输干扰的影响,以某欠驱动AUV为研究目标,基于自抗扰控制技术以及在Serret-Frenet坐标系下建立的路径跟踪误差方程,结合水下机器人相关运动学及动力学方程,建立了二阶自抗扰路径跟踪控制器,并进行了与传统PID控制器的对比仿真实验.仿真实验包括水平面随机干扰下的圆路径跟踪和渐变干扰下的空间螺旋线跟踪.仿真结果表明,基于自抗扰控制技术的欠驱动AUV路径跟踪控制器能够实现相应的参考路径跟踪任务,同时,相比于传统PID控制器,自抗扰路径跟踪控制器能够更有效地抑制干扰造成的颤抖、超调等现象,具有更优的控制效果.     

复杂环境下的欠驱动智能水下机器人定深跟踪控制

为使欠驱动智能水下机器人(AUV)在实际定深作业中,更好地抵抗外界和载体内部信号传输所构成的复杂环境作用,以某欠驱动AUV为研究对象,基于自抗扰控制技术和模糊控制方法,结合水下机器人相关运动学及动力学方程,利用切换控制策略,取自抗扰和模糊控制各自的优点,联合建立了欠驱动AUV模糊自抗扰定深跟踪控制器,并与基于传统比例积分微分(PID)方法的定深控制器在复杂环境下进行了对比仿真.仿真结果表明,基于模糊自抗扰控制技术的欠驱动AUV深度控制方法能够实现准确定深跟踪控制,同时,相比于传统PID控制器,模糊自抗扰深度控制方法能够更有效地抑制复杂环境下干扰所造成的超调和震颤等现象,具有更优的控制效果.     

无人水面艇直线航迹跟踪控制器的设计与验证

针对欠驱动无人水面艇航迹跟踪控制问题,设计一种直线航迹跟踪控制器.该控制器由导引算法和航向控制器两部分组成.导引算法基于LOS导引原理,根据给定航迹得出无人艇的期望航向;航向控制器采用抗饱和PID控制方法,通过负反馈防止积分器饱和,解决了传统PID控制器的航向超调和振荡问题.该航迹跟踪控制方法在DH-01小型欠驱动无人水面艇上得到验证.试验结果表明,航迹跟踪误差小于0.05 m.     

不同轴距车辆路径跟踪研究

针对不同轴距车辆路径跟踪鲁棒性,提出了基于滑模自抗扰控制的平行泊车路径跟踪算法.该算法利用线性滑模控制设计自抗扰控制律中的误差反馈环节,改善了自抗扰控制器的结构,能适用于不同轴距车辆.线性自抗扰控制器能够观测和补偿由于不同车辆轴距引起的不确定性和车辆受到的外界干扰.在假定低车速和小侧偏角情况下,控制器的设计考虑非线性运动学模型及运动学约束.仿真结果表明,基于滑模自抗扰控制的路径跟踪控制算法能够将不确定性部分观测出来并且补偿掉,保证了不同轴距车辆很好地跟踪规划的理想泊车轨迹.     

双旋翼无人机串级线性自抗扰控制

介绍线性自抗扰控制器(LADRC)和串级线性自抗扰控制器的组成结构,包括线性跟踪微分器、线性扩张状态观测器以及线性误差控制律,并给出各部分的典型算法。为了解决纵列式双旋翼无人机姿态控制系统中欠驱动、多变量、强耦合的控制问题,设计串级线性自抗扰控制器。研究结果表明:所设计的串级线性自抗扰控制器参数少,便于参数整定,能够满足控制精度及快速性的要求,并且具有较强的鲁棒性、抗干扰性能力以及对非线性强耦合系统的解耦能力。     

欠驱动步行机器人自抗扰控制系统的设计与分析

完全被动机器人具有局部稳定性,只有在斜坡上步行周期才能够收敛到一个恒定的不动点,而其他情况下,它步行周期的稳定性会被打破,难以保持步行的稳定性.针对这种情况设计了一种欠驱动步行机器人,为了提高其行走能力,开发了一种基于人体参数欠驱动步行机器人自抗扰控制系统.该控制器是结合欠驱动行走理论,基于多通道自抗扰控制方法,以"不动点"作为系统的输入状态变量,对机器人系统实现解耦控制,实现行走.利用Simulink进行建模仿真,分析结果表明:该控制器简单有效,能够帮助机器人实现欠驱动步行;在外界扰动作用下仍能快速收敛到稳定区间,大幅提升了机器人鲁棒性.     

欠驱动船舶直线航迹的滑模控制方法

针对一类欠驱动水面船舶的直线航迹跟踪控制问题,考虑运动响应模型的建模误差和外界干扰力等非匹配不确定性影响,基于滑模控制理论和Backstepping法,提出了一种反步自适应滑模控制律.借鉴Backstepping法的设计思想,利用一种改进积分型的滑模控制方法和自适应技术,设计了直线航迹跟踪控制的滑模控制律,并证明该控制律保证了航迹跟踪系统的全局渐进稳定性.最后,仿真对比结果验证了所提出控制器的有效性.     

基于ADRC的无人机纵向通道控制

根据自抗扰控制器不依赖对象的精确数学模型以及能够对系统模型内扰和外界干扰进行补偿的特点,提出了在无人机纵向通道中引入自抗扰控制器的方法。设计的自抗控制器在不同的飞行状态下,不需要改变控制器参数,就能实现对俯仰指令的精确跟踪控制,以及速度回路与俯仰角回路的解耦控制。仿真结果表明,系统具有良好的动态响应和鲁棒性。     

欠驱动水面船舶的轨迹跟踪模型预测控制器

针对在风、浪、流时变干扰下欠驱动水面船舶的轨迹跟踪控制问题,设计了一种基于模型预测控制的轨迹跟踪控制器.考虑到欠驱动船舶在没有横向驱动力情况下控制船舶纵向、横向和艏摇角3个自由度的运动,建立了仅有2个控制输入量且存在风、浪、流干扰下的非线性状态空间模型,在对模型近似线性化后应用线性模型预测控制方法设计出了一种考虑控制量极限约束、控制增量约束以及输出量约束的轨迹跟踪控制器.最后,在仿真环境下测试了系统对圆形轨迹的跟踪性能,并对约束进行了误差分析.结果表明,所设计的控制器能较好地满足跟踪性能,并能抵抗一定程度的环境干扰.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with