深井沿空巷道快速掘进及围岩控制技术研究

深埋煤矿采掘衔接紧张是制约矿井安全高效生产的主要问题之一,回采巷道的快速掘进将有利于缓解这一紧张局面.以顾桥煤矿1126(1)回风巷为例,利用弹塑性理论分析了1125(1)工作面侧向应力分布规律及分区破坏特征,阐明了1126(1)回风巷围岩应力环境;利用FLAC3 D数值模拟研究了掘进期间锚索"1-0"、"2-0"、"3-0"、"4-0"等不同布置形式对巷道围岩变形及应力分布特征的影响,通过巷道围岩稳定性对比分析,降低巷道掘进期间支护强度,采用"2-0"锚索布置的初始支护控制掘进期巷道围岩变形,使掘进工作面后方永久支护与掘进平行作业,从而提高了掘进效率.     

煤柱宽度对综放面围岩应力分布规律影响

护巷煤柱宽度及巷道相对工作面位置的不同,将引起巷道围岩应力重新分布和岩层移动的差异,对回采巷道稳定性及其维护有重要影响. 以谢桥煤矿1151(3)综放面地质技术条件为背景,采用计算机数值模拟并结合现场实测研究,揭示了煤柱宽度变化对综放面围岩应力分布及变化规律的影响.研究表明,综放回采巷道护巷煤柱宽度的变化,不仅使煤柱内应力分布规律不同,而且使得相邻工作面煤体内应力分布规律也不同,二者应力分布随煤柱宽度变化而转移;巷道维护状态是工作面煤层和煤柱内应力场共同作用的结果,护巷煤柱的合理宽度应小于巷帮实体煤内应力向煤柱内转移的临界宽度.     

瑞能煤矿区段煤柱中巷支护技术

在瑞能煤业有限责任公司采空区留下的相临的2条块区段煤柱中间试掘运输巷和回风巷(简称区段煤柱中巷)。由于2条巷道均出现压力大,造成巷道难以支护,影响正常掘进。以该矿区段煤柱中巷支护为工程背景,采用三维有限差分法数值计算软件(FLAC3D)分析巷道掘出后围岩的应力场和位移场并对不同支护方式巷道的变形破坏机理进行对比性模拟,并根据模拟实验结果制定支护方案,为区段煤柱中巷支护方案的优化确定提供科学依据。     

不同煤层倾角条件下区段煤柱应力分布数值模拟研究

针对平煤集团十三矿煤层倾角变化大,回采巷道支护困难等问题,通过岩石力学参数测试分别模拟煤层埋深300m、500m、800m和倾角0°、25°、30°情况下区段工作面侧向压力分布规律和区段煤柱受力情况,并对12020区段运输平巷（下巷）实体煤侧的应力及围岩变形监测、。研究结果表明：随煤层倾角增大下区段运输巷与上区段回风巷两侧应力承非对称分布,采场顶板应力分布也是高度不均匀、不对称的,侧向水平应力峰值随煤层倾角增大而增大,且工作面后方增加幅大于工作面前方;峰值位置随煤层倾角增大而逐渐靠近煤壁。煤层倾角加大时,应力明显偏向下区段运输巷,使得下区段运输巷顶部出现明显应力集中,随着煤层倾角的增大,这种差异有扩大的趋势。数值分析结果和现场抽采参数分析结果基本吻合,对区段煤柱优化和巷道安全支护具有重要意义。     

煤矿巷道底臌的模拟分析——以高河煤矿为例

以高河煤矿现场实际情况为依据,利用FLAC3D有限差分软件建立数值模型,计算E2305工作面回采过程中胶带巷围岩应力的分布和峰值,模拟分析巷道变形、底臌形成过程及原因。模拟E2305工作面分别推进20～140 m时E2305工作面胶带巷煤柱帮应力及工作面侧帮应力分布情况。通过分析得出E2305胶带巷的应力峰值为37.5 MPa,距离巷帮5.6 m,巷道两侧的峰值应力分别为28.4 MPa和37.5 MPa,应力峰值均较高,巷道面临着高垂直应力作用,导致巷道底臌严重。     

倾斜厚层坚硬顶板条件下沿空留巷稳定性控制

针对倾斜厚层坚硬顶板条件下综采工作面沿空留巷技术难题,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场监测等手段,揭示倾斜厚层坚硬顶板采场覆岩运移规律,分析预留巷道多次扰动影响下倾向及走向方向顶板垂直应力分布特征。根据切顶留巷围岩应力分布规律,将沿空巷道分为“原岩应力区、超前应力增高区、滞后应力增高区、滞后应力稳定区”4个区域,提出巷内围岩支护原则,并基于区域特征,设计分区支护留巷方案,并成功应用于柏林煤矿-2446(k26)沿空巷道。研究结果表明：优化岩块B长悬臂梁结构是留巷成功的关键,通过切顶卸压留巷技术手段,可减小巷旁支护体及实体煤帮压力,沿空巷道支护效果良好,证明倾斜厚层坚硬顶板切顶留巷关键技术是可行的。     

车集煤矿巷道交叉区域贯通施工及支护技术应用

针对车集煤矿2604上巷回风联巷与2602下巷交叉区域贯通施工安全问题,进行了巷道贯通时交叉区域的施工工艺及支护方法设计,包括2604上巷回风联巷贯通施工前期依据顶板岩柱厚度加强支护、贯通掘进时探眼深度和角度的控制、全断面一次爆破贯通施工、贯通后巷道加强支护以及巷道贯通安全技术保障措施,贯通施工工艺和支护技术的实施,有效保证车集煤矿2604上巷回风联巷与2602下巷的安全贯通。     

深部倾斜煤层综采巷道布置优化

针对某矿井深部倾斜煤层综采中存在的主要问题,进行巷道布置合理优化,引入错层位巷道布置采全厚采煤法.进一步发展完善错层位巷道布置体系,根据实际情况,将进风巷完全布置在顶板稳定的岩层中,将回风巷布置成半煤岩巷,并结合具体问题进行技术分析,运用有限差分软件FLAC3D进行了模拟验证.结果表明:这种布置方式能保证煤矿的安全生产,提高采出率,降低巷道维护成本,并有效防治冲击地压等一系列问题.     

华盛煤矿矿井501采区布置探讨

通过对华盛煤矿矿井501采区布置的探讨,得出结论：501采区胶带运输巷和轨道运输巷均沿5号煤层底板布置,采区回风巷沿5号煤层顶板布置;工作面运输、回风顺槽和开切眼均沿5号煤层底板布置。矿井移交生产及达到设计生产能力时,井下5号煤层共布置1个综采放顶煤工作面和2个综掘工作面,采掘比为1：2。     

桃山煤矿薄煤层群切顶巷区域应力特征数值分析

为有效防治冲击矿压灾害,利用FLAC3D数值模拟软件模拟分析了桃山煤矿切顶巷区域的应力状态特征,研究切顶巷对顶板的预裂弱化作用和切顶巷的布置参数,结果表明:回风巷下帮与瓦斯巷之间垂直应力较高,而水平应力则在回风巷底板和下帮集中较明显,切顶巷区域应力也明显集中,冲击危险性上升;切顶巷导致的应力集中范围为5～10 m,为了避免两个相邻切顶巷形成叠加应力集中区,两切顶巷间距应不低于20 m。该研究为桃山矿薄煤层群开采切顶巷防冲技术提供了参考依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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