逐步回归最小方差集成预报法

本文在不同信度下,选出多个逐步回归方程。在最小均方意义下,建立可变动最优集成预报方程,所确定的集成系数是和各时刻的预报值有关的滑动系数,它能及时地反映单个回归方程在各时刻的变化规律,从而充分地采用单个回归方程在各时刻的预报信息、本文导出整个计算过程的递推公式,便于计算机程序设计,并证明这种集成预报方程比单个回归方程提高了预报精度和可靠性。     

关于分布自由的逐步回归集成预报法

继文本文提出在不同信度下,建立多个以秩和为因子的逐步回归方程,尔后应用集成最优法求出最优集成预报方程,它比文中的方法更充分地利用了大量因子的信息,从而提高了预报的精度和可靠性,其回报准确率和试报效果,均比普通逐步回归集成最优方程及文中以秩和为因子的单个逐步回归方程更为优越.     

新丰江水库月径流预报模型

通过对研究的气候、水文气象物理因子的分析,挑选出与月径流关系最好的物理因子作为预报因子;利用逐步回归分析和预报集成方法建立月径流预报模型;模型应用结果表明,预报精度满足生产要求。     

南海热带气旋风力的逐步回归分析及预报

选取具有天气学意义和物理意义的９个预报因子，采用逐步回归分析，建立了８４个统计预报方程，用于东南沿海１４个台站预报热带气旋影响的风速．根据统计样本外的１９８８年的资料作预报检验，结果表明所建立的一套统计预报方程是可以用于实际预报的．     

环渤海地区云量的精细化预报方法

利用2010-2016年的云观测资料和T639数值预报产品,分析了云量与影响云生成的主要气象因子间的相关性,通过逐步回归方法建立了环渤海地区云量的时间精细化定量预报模型.结果表明,与总云量和低云量相关性显著的气象因子主要是水汽、大气不稳定度和上升运动.其中水汽类因子包括整层相对湿度、整层湿度和大气可降水量;大气不稳定度类因子为K指数和位势不稳定指标;上升运动为850～400 hPa 5层平均垂直速度.通过逐步回归方法建立了环渤海地区总云量和低云量的时间精细化预报模型,总云量和低云量预报方程的复相关系数大部分在0.5以上.回代预报检验结果表明,总云量和低云量绝对误差分别为22%和18%;试预报检验结果表明,总云量预报的绝对误差为23%;个例分析结果表明,新民站和沂源站的预报效果比较理想,大部分时段总云量的预报值及变化趋势与实际观测结果接近,模型预报性能较好,具有一定的实际应用价值.     

粗糙集理论在区域降水预报中的应用研究

用粗糙集属性约简方法选择出比较合理的预报因子组合,建立广西东南部区域日平均降水量的预报方程(预报时效为24h),并进行2006年5～6月的前汛期逐日业务预报应用试验.结果表明,采用属性约简方法建立的预报方程比传统的逐步回归预报方程有更高的预报精度,具有较好的业务应用前景.     

海温和气象因子对洪家渡水电站月径流量的影响

利用逐步回归的方法,考虑海温和气象因子的作用,设计了3种预报方案,建立了洪家渡水电站月径流量的预报模型,并进行了对比分析研究.结果表明:考虑海温因子与气象因子组合的逐步回归方案预报效果最佳,具有实用价值.最重要的3项影响因子是72.5°N,157.5°W~160°W海区的海温、东亚槽位置以及编号台风数.     

逐步回归在气象预报中的应用

§1 逐步回归中的几个简单性质在统计预报中目前最常用的因子筛选法是逐步回归法。这种方法是在若干个预报因子X_i(i=1,2,…,n)中,根据每个因子x_i对预报量y的方差贡献大小,把经过F检验是显著的那些因子逐个引入回归方程。当引入了某些因子之后,其中有个别因子可能变得不显著了,这时还需要将它从回归方程中剔除。引入或剔除是在正规系数矩阵或相关系数矩阵中通     

3种机器学习方法对空气污染预报效果的对比

以中国西北5个省会城市为研究区域,利用2015年1月1日-2020年7月21日空气质量监测资料与气象数据构建基于多元逐步回归(MSR)、随机森林(RF)与支持向量机(SVM)的空气污染预报模型,以平均绝对误差、均方根误差及拟合度指数IA为评判指标,对模型的模拟精度进行对比分析.结果表明,针对5个城市构建空气污染预报模型时, RF重要性评估法比Spearman相关系数法更适用于筛选预报因子. MSR、 RF与SVM模型的预报性能由强至弱依次为MSR>RF>SVM. 3种模型预报结果均IA>0.8,预报值与实际观测值之间的相关程度较高.     

北京市空气污染与气象条件的关系及其预报

利用北京市2015-2017年逐日、逐小时w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)和w(O_3)资料,及同期NCEP/NCAR的高分辨率全球预报系统数值预报产品,计算了相关空气污染气象参数,研究了北京市空气污染物质量浓度与气象条件的关系.采用逐步回归方法,建立了北京市空气污染物w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)和w(O_3)的预报方程,并对预报结果进行了检验.结果表明,稳定能量和涡度与w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)以正相关为主,与w(O_3)以负相关为主.低层平均风速和边界层厚度与w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)以负相关为主,与w(O_3)以正相关为主.地面露点温度与w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)和w(O_3)以正相关为主;在优选空气污染气象参数的基础上,利用逐小时空气污染物质量浓度资料和逐步回归方法,筛选了最佳预报因子,建立了北京市逐3 h的0～72 h短期精细化空气污染物质量浓度预报模型,能够拟合w(PM_(2.5))、w(SO_2)和w(O_3)随边界层气象条件的变化趋势.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the