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1.
利用一个完全耦合的海气模式, 通过对比分析两组试验中海表温度、盐度、风应力等气候态变化特征以及ENSO强度和频率的变化, 研究热带太平洋气候平均态及年际变率对热盐环流减弱的响应。在北大西洋高纬地区注入1 Sv淡水后, 大西洋经向翻转流(AMOC)减弱约90%, 这直接导致向北的经向热量输送减少, 使北大西洋有明显降温, 南大西洋略有升温。这些变化会经过大气和海洋的远程传播以及局地海气反馈作用, 影响热带太平洋气候平均态: 赤道东西太平洋的SST都略有增温, 但纬向温度梯度和纬向风应力并没有太大变化, 赤道太平洋温跃层的深度和倾斜度也基本保持不变。相应地, ENSO强度和频率也没有明显变化。由此得出结论: 热盐环流减弱会引起全球气候平均态的变化, 但对热带太平洋的年际变率没有太大影响。  相似文献   

2.
利用耦合地球系统模式(CESM1.0),通过对比有青藏高原的控制试验和无青藏高原的敏感性试验,定性地分析青藏高原对不同季节北大西洋深水(NADW)形成的影响机制.研究结果表明,青藏高原对NADW形成的影响机制因季节而异.移除青藏高原后,NADW形成将会减弱,冷季(北半球10月—次年3月)NADW形成的显著减弱是由海洋表...  相似文献   

3.
利用简单海洋环流模式,对大西洋经向翻转流(AMOC)的多百年际振荡进行模拟研究.首先推导纬向平均的二维海洋环流模式,得到 AMOC的控制方程及关键参数.然后利用数值方法,使用混合边界条件,在合适的边界条件和强迫场条件下模拟合理的 AMOC气候态.通过向北半球副极地表层添加盐度通量随机强迫,进行长时间积分,激发 AMOC的多百年际变率.功率谱分析结果表明,AMOC可以展现约 260年的周期性振荡,对 AMOC进行 EOF分解得到的主模态主要信号位于较深的海盆,表明多百年际变率可能与较深层海洋的变动联系紧密.最后探究振荡周期与海盆体积及 AMOC强度的关系,海盆体积越大,振荡周期越长;AMOC越强,振荡周期越短.  相似文献   

4.
通过分析不同水平分辨率海洋模式的模拟结果及其与观测资料的对比,研究了水平分辨率对大洋环流模式模拟性能的影响。在中国科学院大气物理研究所研制的第三代大洋环流模式(L30T63 OGCM)的基础上,提高该模式的水平分辨率,建立了2个版本的全球大洋环流模式。其一,纬向和经向水平分辨率分别为1.5°和1°的全球大洋环流模式(OGCM1);其二,经向水平分辨率为变网格的全球大洋环流模式(OGCM2),其纬向水平分辨率仍为1.5°。分别对L30T63 OGCM和建立的2个版本的大洋环流模式从静止积分100 a。采用相同的动力框架、物理过程、南北边界条件、初始条件以及强迫场对比分析L30T63 OGCM、OGCM1和OGCM2第100年的积分结果。分析结果表明,随着模式水平分辨率的提高,模式计算的整体动能和位能随之增大,模式对上层大洋环流特别是热带上层大洋环流的模拟有明显的改善。  相似文献   

5.
为了检验区域季尺度降水模拟对分辨率调整的敏感响应及其变化规律,利用RegCM3区域气候模式,对整个中国地区及相邻海域进行了季尺度降水模拟.取不同的水平分辨率(30、60、90 km),模拟2000~2004年夏季的降水.本系统可以较稳定地对我国整个地区的降水进行季尺度模拟.与实测资料进行对比,分析其模拟效果.结果表明:区域模式对水平分辨率变化的响应是敏感的,并呈现出复杂的变化规律.  相似文献   

6.
以中国科学院区域气候-环境重点实验室研制的区域环境集成系统模式(RIEMS 2.0)为基础,采用中国科学院资源与环境数据中心提供的植被类型数据和北京师范大学提供的中国土壤质地数据,以及美国地质调查局提供的月植被覆盖度资料,进行模式本地化,从而建成了青藏高原对流解析区域气候模式.利用该模式对青藏高原进行了2001—2018年连续积分模拟,重点考察了区域气候模式在水平分辨率为9 km条件下对青藏高原降水模拟能力,结果表明:1)模式能够较好地模拟年、雨季降水的空间分布特征以及不同区域降水年变化,同时,模式模拟降水较观测偏多,偏差为13.01%~39.95%;区域气候模式模拟青藏高原降水较国际耦合模式“比较计划第六阶段(CMIP6)”45个全球模式模拟试验结果的年降水空间分布和强度有明显提高,并且更加接近观测值.2)模式能够较好地模拟出年降水时间和4个不同等级降水事件空间分布,特别是5~10、10~20、>20 mm这3个不同等级降水时间接近观测值.3)模式能够较好地模拟出青藏高原不同区域候平均降水随时间演变,降水强度除半干旱藏南地区较观测明显偏多外,对其他地区模式模拟的降水都非常接近观测值,同时与观测值之间相关系数为0.901~0.981,都通过99%置信度检验,与观测值之间的均方根误差为0.37~0.99 mm·d?1,其中对于极度干旱的柴达木地区候平均降水也能够较好地模拟出来,相关系数达到0.919;对青藏高原西南的南羌塘地区模拟最好,相关系数达到0.981.4)该研究表明采用青藏高原对流解析区域气候模式进行动力降尺度后,解决青藏高原等地区缺乏长时间序列高时空分辨率的气象数据集的瓶颈问题,为青藏高原气候和环境未来变化、生态安全屏障建设等提供坚实可靠的科学数据基础.   相似文献   

7.
 在我国海岸沙丘的典型分布区河北昌黎黄金海岸,对不同输沙量下海岸沙丘表面风沙流中不同粒径组沙粒垂向分布的变化进行了野外观测。结果表明,在风速相近、物质组成一致和下垫面性质相同情况下,随着风沙流总输沙量的增加,在非均匀沙床面上不同粒径组沙粒的垂向分布呈现出了不同的变化特点。其中,随总输沙量增加粗沙输沙量总量并无增加,其输沙量下层减少、中层增加、上层减少,垂向分布转变为典型负幂函数模式;中沙在不同高度的绝对输沙量均有增加,相对输沙量下层(0~4 cm)减少、上层(4~60 cm)增加或基本持平,其垂向分布基本符合指数递减规律,尤其是在0~60 cm高度内的分布随总输沙量的增加由负幂函数转变为指数函数;细沙输沙量总量和不同高度的输沙量均有不同程度的增加,相对输沙量下层(0~6 cm)减少、上层(6~60 cm)基本持平或增加,垂向分布符合典型的指数函数布模式。究其原因,主要应与不同风速气流的携沙极限以及不同粒径组沙粒的运动方式密切相关。  相似文献   

8.
该文探讨经颅直流电刺激(transcranial directcurrent stimulation,tDCS)是否能提升注意力广度,并通过脑电(electroencephalogram,EEG)分析探讨其中的机理.实验招募7名健康被试,每名被试完成3次实验,每次实验接受不同的tDCS刺激方案并完成注意力广度任务.3种...  相似文献   

9.
不同刺激条件下经颅直流电刺激的仿真   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
经颅直流电刺激是一种非侵入式的脑刺激方法。为了优化电刺激中电极与刺激强度的选择,基于人体头部解剖结构,建立了4层同心球体有限元模型,通过数值计算方法,讨论了不同刺激电极面积和电流强度对大脑表面电场和内部电场的影响。结果表明:提高刺激电流能够增大整个大脑区域的电场强度。刺激的有效强度面积比率与电极面积呈良好的线性关系。且减小刺激电极面积,可增加大脑皮层与内部的电场强度比例。在实际应用中,应根据刺激脑区的位置和刺激强度的要求,合理选择电极面积大小及刺激电流强度。该研究对经颅直流电刺激参数的选择具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

10.
THC(热盐环流)的变化对全球气候的影响在大西洋地区最为显著,Manabe利用淡水强迫THC引起海温变化的信号也主要集中在大西洋,并呈dipole(耦极)模态分布.文中根据Manabe淡水强迫THC实验结果,给定北大西洋冷,南大西洋暖的海温距平分布代表弱THC,以相反海温距平分布代表强THC,利用大西洋这两种异常海温来驱动大气环流模式,研究这两种海温异常分布所代表的THC强弱变化对大西洋沿岸气候的影响,并且选出5个降水对THC变化敏感的地区,利用这些地区观测的降水资料拟合一个反映THC强弱变化的综合指数THCI,该综合指数能有效反映近100年THC变化的主要特征。  相似文献   

11.
  总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
The multi-spatial variability modes of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) are identified in the natural coupled simulation of two climate models, the MOC either oscillates at decadal scales with strong cross- equatorial flow or fluctuates locally at interannual scales with weaker cross-equatorial flow. Former studies mainly emphasize the paleo-environmental and paleo-climatic impacts of the meridional overturning states transition; this analysis indicates the existence of the multi-spatial variability modes of the MOC at interannual to decadal scales. Further analysis indicates that the conventionally used MOC index, which is defined as the maximum zonal mean meridional stream-function of the North Atlantic, cannot properly describe the multi-spatial variability characteristics of the MOC.  相似文献   

12.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Yu  Lei  Gao  YongQi  Wang  HuiJun  Guo  Dong  Li  ShuangLin 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,54(24):4724-4732
We investigated the response of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) to a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its mechanism in an enhanced freshwater input experiment (FW) by using a fully-coupled climate model. The response was a weakened EASM and the mechanisms can be explained as follows. The simulated weakened AMOC resulted in a drop in sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Atlantic (NA) and, correspondingly, an anomalous high sea level pressure (SLP) over the North American regions, which in turn increased the northeast surface winds across the equator in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP). The anomalous northeast winds then induced further upwelling in the ETP and stronger air/sea heat exchange, therefore leading to an anomalous cooling of the eastern tropical sea surface. As a result, the climatologic Hadley Circulation (HC) was weakened due to an anomalous stronger sinking of air in the ETP north of the equator, whereas the Walker Circulation (WC) in the western tropical Pacific (WTP) north of the equator was strengthened with an eastward-shifted upwelling branch. This feature was in agreement with the anomalous convergent winds in the WTP, and led to a weakened EASM and less East Asian summer precipitation (EASP). Furthermore, comparison with previous freshwater experiments indicates that the strength of EASP could be influenced by the magnitude of the added freshwater.  相似文献   

13.
By comprehensive analyses,it was found that the variations in δ^18O recorded in Malan ice core from the Kekexili Region on the Tibetan Plateau could represent the changes in air temperature during the summer half year (from May to October) over the Kekexili Region and the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.The general increase trend in δ^18O in the ice core during the past century indicated climate warming,and it was estimated that air temperature during the summer half-year rose about 1.2℃ over there then.However,this ice core record documented that the study area has been cooling while most of the world has been dramatically warming since the late 1970s. A tele-connection was found between the variations in δ^18O in the Malan ice core and the North Atlantic Oscillation.Moreover,the variations in δ^18O in this ice core were similar to that in the summer half-year air temperature over the southern Tibetan Plateau on the centurial time scale,but opposite on the multidecadal time scale.  相似文献   

14.
  总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
The Xainza-Dinggye Normal Fault System (XDNFS) is a large-scale nearly-north-south trending extensional structure across central and southern Tibet. Its middle segment developed in Tethys Himalaya with features of earlier magmatic core complex and later normal faults dipping moderately to northwest-west. The magmatic core complex is made up by mylonitic leucogrante with a low-angle detachment fault on the top of it and overlain by lower-grade meta-sedimentary rocks. The structural pattern of the southern segment of XDNFS take the shape of a detachment fault dipping to southeast-east with the High-Himalayan rock series as the lower plate. The Southern Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) is expressed as a ductile shear zone composed of mylonitic leucogranite in the studied area of this note. STDS was cut by the later XDNFS, which presents that nearly-east-west striking STDS is not the controlling or adjusting structure of the nearly-north-south trending extensional structures. The origin of nearly-north-south trending extensional structures in Tibet may be the result of deform ational partition of north-south compression.  相似文献   

15.
  总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
Zhang  KaiJun  Tang  XianChun 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,54(15):2556-2567
Eclogites have been recently reported in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau, including in the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt, in the Basu metamorphic massif of the eastern Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, and at Songdo and Pengco in the eastern Lhasa terrane. Some typical ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic phenomena, e.g., garnet exsolution from clinopyroxene, were documented in the Basu and Pengco eclogites. The UHP metamorphism in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau marked by these eclogites generally took place in the Early Mesozoic. Along with exhumation of these eclogites, (post-) collision-related magmatism extensively occurred around the central Qiangtang belt, the eastern Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, and the eastern Lhasa terrane. The occurrence of these Early Mesozoic eclogites manifests an out-of-sequence evolution of the Tethys, and they could be a product of diachronous collision between the eastern Qiangtang terrane and the irregular continental margin of the united western Qiangtang-Lhasa plate, along the linked eastern Bangong-Nujiang-central Qiangtang zone. The collision-related magmatic rocks could have been originated from lithospheric thickening, melting, or detachment due to the collision. The presence of UHP metamorphic rocks in central Qiangtang and Basu implies likely continental deep-subduction, and the denudation of these two metamorphic zones could have served as the source of the Triassic turbidites in the Songpan-Garze complex and the Jurassic turbidites in the western Bangong-Nujiang zone, respectively. However, studies of the eclogites in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau just began, and many principal aspects still remain to be explored, such as their distributions, typical lithologies and minerals, temperature-pressure conditions, timing of formation and exhumation, protoliths and tectonic setting, and relationship with the evolution of the Tethys and large-scale basins in Tibet.  相似文献   

16.
For better studying the relationship between the rifts and deep structure, a detailed P-wave velocity structure under eastern Tibet has been modeled using 4767 arrival times from 169 teleseismic events recorded by 51 portable stations. In horizontal slices through the model, a prominent low-velocity anomaly was detected under the rifts from the surface to a depth of ~250 km; this extends to a depth of ~400 km in the vertical slice. This low-velocity anomaly is interpreted as an upper mantle upwelling. The o...  相似文献   

17.
    
The age of the clastic-clay sediments with varied content of carbonate in core TS95 taken from the Lake Tianshuihai in the northwest of the Tibetan Plateau was determined successfully by using the total sample dissolution U-series isochron method for the first time. With this method, the serial absolute timescale (isotope time scale) covered the last 240 ka in the main body of the Tibetan Plateau with a sea level up to 4000 m is also established for the first time, thereby laying the foundation for the research on the paleoclimate and palaeoenvironment in the Lake Tianshuihai region as well as the relationship between evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and global changes. In addition to a brief introduction of the basic principles, the procedures of experiments, and the results, this note also presents the adaptability and superiority of this method as well as its possible problems.  相似文献   

18.
    
Through GPS carrier phases observation in southwestern China during 1991–1997, the velocity field within eastern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) and its neighbour regions has been established. The velocity of those sites in and west of Chuan-Dian block is mostly 5–10 mm · a™1 relative to the fiduciary station CHDU (Chengdu), and the motion in Chuan-Qing and Yangtze blocks east of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault is weak with a velocity of about 0–7 mm · a−1. The velocity vector in these areas indicates a clockwise rotation vortex rather than the so-called intensive eastward pushing or eastward escape. The main pattern of the crustal deformation is a clockwise rotation vortex structure and a differential slip along the boundary fault between different blocks.  相似文献   

19.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
A comprehensive study in this paper for the lithosphere velocity structure, conductivity structure, density and magnetism structure at the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan) Plateau has been completed based on the data of gravity, geomagnetism, and magneto-telluric sounding (MTS), explosion seismology acquired on the comprehensive geophysical profile along Gyirong-Sangehu. It presents the deep and shallow structural features of blocks, suture zones, and faults. Meanwhile, the lithosphere structure at the east and west parts of the plateau has been crossstudied and the deep structure of the plateau and the geodynamic models have been discussed according to the geophysical data available for the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau.  相似文献   

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