紫外线（U.V）对金鱼产卵和受精卵孵化的生物学效应

不同剂量的紫外线（Ｕ．Ｖ）照射金鱼亲鱼和受精卵，对亲鱼的产卵和受精卵的孵化有非常显著的影响。给亲鱼补以适量的紫外线可使金鱼产卵时间提前、产卵量增加。１０″￣７０″不同剂量的紫外线照射受精卵可以显著缩短孵化时间，提高孵化率，但由于５０″及以上剂量的照射出现畸形鱼，说明此剂量已偏大，故以１０″￣４０″的剂量范围为好。     

激光照射对金鱼受精卵生物效应的研究

本文采用He－Ne632．8um激光照射金鱼受精卵,实验结果表明不同剂量的激光照射对金鱼的受精率、孵化时间和孵化率等的影响是不同的,存在一个最佳照射剂量,在此剂量下各生物性能指标均有较大的提高．跟踪观察发现经激光照射而孵化出的金鱼有较大的变异。     

诺丹冰草（Agropyron desertorum CV．nordan）的胚和胚乳发育

观察了诺丹冰草胚和胚乳的发育过程．一般合子第一次分裂为横分裂，但偶见有斜分裂，形成顶细胞和基细胞．顶细胞纵分裂，基细胞横分裂，胚胎发生属紫宛型．一个助细胞于受精前解体，宿存助细胞生存到椭圆形胚期．丝状器具强的ＰＡＳ正反应．反足细胞于受精后增殖并保留到多细胞原胚时消失且无多糖反应．核型胚乳，胚乳细胞化开始于多细胞原胚期．成熟胚乳细胞中具许多大的淀粉粒．种子有胚乳．发现有原胚的移位及胚囊中缺少胚的现象．     

花生体细胞胚发生发育过程中淀粉代谢的动态变化

将花生实生苗的幼对接种于MS固体诱导培养基上诱导体细胞胚发生 ,用PAS染色法观察了体细胞胚发生发育过程中的淀粉代谢的动态变化 .结果表明 ,在体细胞胚的发育过程中 ,淀粉表现出两次积累高峰 ,第一次在胚性细胞团中 ,淀粉粒大而密集 ;随着胚性细胞的分裂 ,淀粉逐渐被消耗 ,到多细胞原胚期胚体内淀粉趋于消失 .球形胚期 ,淀粉粒又开始积累 ,出现第二次积累高峰 ;到成熟胚期 ,淀粉积累只限于生长点区域淀粉的两次积累高峰为体细胞胚的发育提供了物质和能量基础     

缢蛏体内食蛏泄肠吸虫尾蚴不同发育阶段的组织学及组织化学的观察

运用组织学、组织化学等方法对食蛏泄肠吸虫（Ｖｅｓｉｃｏｃｏｅｌｉｕｍｓｏｌｅｎｏｐｈａｇｕｍ）尾蚴在缢蛏（Ｓｉｎｏｎｏｖａｃｕｌａｃｏｎｓｔｒｉｃｔａ）体内不同发育阶段进行了观察．食蛏泄肠吸虫尾蚴发育主要分为：胚细胞期、胚团期、尾蚴雏体期、尾蚴发育早期、尾蚴发育中期和成熟尾蚴．在尾蚴的发育过程中,组化物质变化明显：发育越成熟尾蚴体被糖原类物质的含量越丰富,体被下含酸性多糖类物质细胞的数量越多     

紫外线照射对铜绿微囊藻活性的影响

以铜绿微囊藻为研究对象,考察了紫外线照射对铜绿微囊藻的灭活效果及光合活性的影响,并研究了经紫外线照射后藻溶液水质的变化情况.结果表明,紫外线对铜绿微囊藻的灭活效果随着紫外线剂量的增大而提高,而光合活性随着紫外线剂量的增加呈指数下降;在藻浓度为35×108个.L-1条件下,91.8mJ.cm-2的紫外线剂量即可对其产生有效的抑制作用,紫外线照射时间10min是抑制藻类生长的最佳时间;藻的浓度对紫外线灭活藻有一定影响,紫外线对高浓度藻灭活效果明显;紫外线照射对藻液的UV254影响较小,但藻液的DOC(溶解性有机碳)随着紫外线剂量的增加呈现先增大后降低的趋势.     

花生体细胞胚发生发育过程中淀粉代谢的？…

将花生实生苗的幼叶接种于ＭＳ固体诱导培养基上诱导体细胞胚发生。用ＰＡＳ染色法观察了体细胞胚发生发育过程中的淀粉代谢的动态变化。结果表明，在体细胞胚的发育过程中，淀粉表现出两次积累高峰，第一次在胚性细胞团中，淀粉粒大而密集；随着胚性细胞的分裂，淀粉逐渐被消耗，到多细胞原胚期胚体内淀粉趋于消失。球形胚期，淀粉粒又开始积累，出现第二次积累高峰；到成熟胚期，淀粉积累只限于生长点区域，淀粉的两次积累高峰为体     

蛙类的早期胚胎发育,特别着重于原肠背壁形成中的某些问题

观察了我国常见的四种蛙,即北方狭口蛙(Kaloula borealis),黑斑蛙(Rana nigromaculata),大蟾蜍(Bafo gagarizens)和多疣狭口蛙(Kaloula verrucosa)的早期胚胎的石蜡切片,主要结果如下:1.中胚层形成时,在胚体前端也首先成层,随之分散;2.原肠背壁细胞来源于背唇转入层,3.原肠背壁细胞在神经胚形成过程中,形成了短暂存在的原肠背褶和底索。     

人工养殖条件下沙塘鳢胚胎发育的初步研究

研究了沙塘鳢 (Odontobutid obscura)的生长及其繁殖特性 .对人工养殖条件下沙塘鳢自然产卵和人工催产后受精卵的胚胎发育 ,尤其是对卵膜、卵黄囊及胚胎的发育进行了详细观察和描述 .水温 2 0 .5～ 2 4.5℃下 ,胚胎发育约需 3 86h,其中卵裂期 1 2 h,囊胚期 1 1 h,原肠期 1 5 h,而细胞分化与器官形成期需 3 84h.温室内鱼苗培育的成功 ,缩短了孵化期 ,提高了孵化率和成活率 ,为大规模人工繁殖提供了理论依据     

石鲋(Pseudoperilampus Lighti Mu)早期发育以及几个机制问题的探討

以石鮒(Pseudoplrlampus Iighti Wu)为材料进行了早期正常发育以及原肠形成时細胞移动的主要路线和胚孔封閉方式的观察和探討。描述了石鲋卵的形态,受精、卵裂、原肠形成以及原肠活期发育的情况并绘制了图形。所有的观察都是在放大18倍的解剖显微镜下进行的,并在同一放大倍数下籍显微描绘器的帮助而繪制了全部的图形。对石鲋卵原腸形成时细胞移动的主要路綫是籍活体染色法和局部切除法来进行观察和探討的,所有的图像都证明了:在原肠形成时,胚(王丕)上的物质经內卷集中而构成胚盾的中胚层物质,背中线两側的物质則直接向胚盾处集中而形成了胚盾的外胚层物质,在胚(王丕)內卷的同时且拌随着胚(王丕)的下包动作,由以上数种細胞移动路线而促进原腸作用的完成和胚盾的建造。还用活体染色法观察了胚孔闭合的方式,观察結果証明:在胚孔閉合时首先是两側唇合併而成原綫,其方式和两棱类胚胎所表现的基本一致。本工作的全部胚胎材料都是采用人工授精法获得,而且,都是培养在室內水温12——15℃下进行发育的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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