外国学生比较句习得偏误原因及对策

外国学者的生活背景、思维方式、语言习惯等诸多方面因素与汉文化以及汉语言存在较大差别，以至造成如此偏误。因此在学习汉语比较句时，教者应充分研究和分析学者产生偏误的深层原因，加强正确引导，帮助初学者提高汉语水平。因而，如何采用正确的纠错策略，防止学生中的偏误和僵化，是一个值得探讨的问题。     

对外汉语教学中能愿动词的习得情况调查

为了充分了解对外汉语教学中留学生对汉语能愿动词的习得情况,调查从两个角度展开.首先结合在日常交流和写作中搜集的病句有针对性地制定问卷,对留学生的习得情况进行测试,然后检索了约424万字的由北京语言大学语言信息处理研究所开发的HSK动态作文语料库,从中逐条选出有关能愿动词偏误的语料,统计偏误句的数量,并以图表的形式直观地展现了偏误类型与比例.     

火留学生的混用偏误分析比较英语情态动词和汉语能愿动词

英语情态动词和汉语能愿动词在各自的语种当中互相对应而又相对封闭，具备跨语言的可比性，但此种可比性容易在语言的习得中形成负迁移，对语言学习者造成了一定的干扰，造成了迁移性语际偏误。本文仅就少数有代表性的例句进行偏误分析，并就此现象对比分析英语情态动词和汉语能愿动词。     

认知差异表征与跨语言交际能力培养路径探索——基于布依、汉、英三语“X上”空间关系对比

语言间的表达差异是各民族认知特点的体现，时空概念会引申到抽象领域，影响思维。少数民族学生及留学生是将汉语作为第二语言（本文界定本族语之外的统称第二语言）的习得，其目的是从掌握正确语言知识到具备跨文化交际的能力。基于布依语学生与英语为母语的留学生汉语习得中介语语料，从认知角度比较了布依语、英语与汉语“X上”空间关系的对应表达方式，验证了人类对相同空间概念化和提取能力具有共性也有差异；语言间的差异体现为对维度表达的精准程度不同、运用的表达手段各异；提出二语习得成功的衡量标准在于能够用目的语的认知和思维方式进行交际，教学双方应该有意识的将该种能力培养融合到语言习得的各个阶段。从语际角度分析学生偏误产生的深层原因，探究具有普遍意义的有效路径，促进二语教学并最终达到提高多语者学习效率的目的。     

留学生“是……的”句型的习得性偏误分析

基于北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库的语料分析发现,留学生"是……的"句型的习得性偏误率高达41%,远远高于其他类别的汉语句型,不同语言水平、不同国籍习得者的偏误率也有所不同。该句型的8种构式中,"主语+‘是’+状语+动词+(宾语)+‘的’"构式出现的偏误率最高。偏误类型主要有遗漏偏误、错序偏误、误代偏误和误加偏误,其中,遗漏偏误的偏误率最高。偏误原因主要来源于母语负迁移、目的语规则泛化和教材教学的缺失。     

高级汉语学习者偏误与错误的分析

以纵向研究的方式,跟踪调查一名泰国高级汉语学习者的习得情况。系统收集学习者HSK6测试中的错题,并按照规律的周期与学习者进行关于错题的谈话,划分出错误和偏误。通过有效的概率统计,得出高级汉语学习者在汉语习得过程中,偏误和错误发生的特点和规律。试图探寻高级汉语学习者在汉语习得上的规律和特点,并对此提出适合的教学意见和方法。     

越南留学生“得”字补语句偏误分析

"得"字补语句是现代汉语中常见的句式,它结构复杂,变化形式纷繁多样,且独具汉语特色,在外语中没有相对应的形式,是外国留学生学习汉语的一个难点,也是对外汉语教学的一个重点.利用越南语语料,对越南留学生习得"得"字补语句出现的偏误进行了分类和分析.     

越南留学生汉语范围副词“都”、“全”、“只”、“就”教学探析

范围副词的语法功能和语义特点都比较复杂,范围副词的习得对越南留学生来说是个难点。文章采用语料库语料的考察和问卷调查相结合的方法,考察了越南留学生习得汉语范围副词“都”、“全”、“只”、“就”的偏误情况,分析产生偏误的原因,并提出教学建议,以期提高对越南留学生汉语范围副词的教学水平。     

浅析留学生词语偏误的类别及相应教学对策

词语集语音、语法、语义、语用和文化于一体,主导着语言的结构和机制。对外汉语教学中,应从语法、语义和语用角度对留学生习得汉语词语的过程中出现的偏误进行分析,找出规律,采取有针对性的教学。     

偏误的类别、产生原因及教学策略

"偏误分析"是研究汉语作为第二语言习得规律的突破口,因为其基本理论依据--第二语言习得和中介语理论目前在国内外的研究都有长足的进展,所以"偏误分析"的研究也在有理可依之下,有效地指导着对外汉语教学的理论与实践.本文主要针对偏误的类别、产生原因和教学策略予以探讨.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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