跟踪误差的增量式模型预测控制

针对一类工业生产过程中实时跟踪问题,本文提出一种增量式模型预测控制算法,其基本思想是在预测模型中根据跟踪误差采用速度响应来建立预测模型,并在预测模型中采用控制量的增量软约束和在线滚动优化方法使其二次性能指标达到最优。理论分析和Matlab仿真实验结果表明,该控制算法能获得良好的跟踪性能、平稳的被控对象动态响应以及更强的闭环系统鲁棒性。     

动态矩阵控制及其改进方法的仿真研究

在动态矩阵控制中,其跟踪性能中的快速性与无超调性之间经常存在矛盾,作者提出针对性能指标进行改进,形成动态矩阵PI控制.这一算法可以明显改善控制性能.表述了对动态矩阵PI控制算法的推导,并通过仿真实例与动态矩阵控制算法进行比较,证实动态矩阵PI控制算法的优越性.     

基于一阶低通滤波器滑模反步法的直流电机位置控制

针对直流电机位置控制系统在负载扰动情况下存在控制精度低、响应速度慢和鲁棒性差的问题,提出了基于一阶低通滤波器滑模反步法的直流电机位置跟踪控制算法.通过滑模反步法进行虚拟控制实现直流电机实际位置控制.利用一阶低通滤波器计算虚拟控制项的导数,消除微分膨胀,使控制器设计简单,但同时造成了相位滞后.通过前馈环节对一阶低通滤波器造成的相位滞后进行补偿.考虑位置跟踪、虚拟控制和滤波误差设计线性动态滑模面,改进滑模变结构控制律的切换控制项,提高滑模趋近速度,同时降低系统输出抖振.定义了Lyapunov函数,证明系统稳定性.仿真实验对比了比例积分微分(proportion integration differentid,PID)控制和传统滑模控制算法,结果表明,该方法能够快速、准确地跟踪给定位置信号,同时具有较好的鲁棒性.     

电液伺服系统多模型鲁棒自适应控制

针对电液伺服系统中存在不确定非线性和强参数不确定性的问题,提出一种多模型鲁棒自适应控制算法。根据系统参数不确定性范围建立了多个辨识模型,在辨识模型中设计非线性鲁棒项,以抑制干扰、未建模动态等不确定非线性的影响,提高系统的鲁棒性。基于辨识模型设计相应的控制器,采用基于辨识误差的性能指标函数作为切换依据,选取最佳控制器作为当前控制器,解决了传统自适应控制对参数自适应初值敏感的问题。该方法能够克服不确定非线性和强参数不确定性的影响,使系统得到渐进跟踪的性能,提高系统的瞬态响应性能。实验结果表明,该算法能抑制建模不确定性的影响,系统期望跟踪指令幅值为10mm时,跟踪误差大约为0.038 6mm,相对跟踪误差约为0.386%,系统跟踪精度得到了提高。     

行为逼近的动态矩阵控制算法

通过改进动态矩阵预测控制算法中的目标函数，使得对象响应的动态行为更加逼近参考轨迹的动态行为；控制响应中平稳，系统更具鲁棒性；改善了控制品质，同时也不增加太多的计算量，仿真结果表明了这种算法的有效性。     

一种基于LTVMPC改进的 无人驾驶汽车路径跟踪控制算法

在低附着路面情况下,针对现有以线性时变模型预测控制(LTVMPC)为基础的无人驾驶汽车路径跟踪精确性和稳定性问题,提出一种改进的控制算法.以汽车动力学理论为基础,将四轮轮胎侧偏角和滑移率精确地表示为车辆状态量的非线性函数,在预测时域内对车辆状态方程线性化处理而求解雅可比矩阵时,为降低系统维度,将轮速作为非状态量,建立改进的三自由度车辆模型,在二次规划性能指标中加入横摆角速度跟踪误差项以提高路径跟踪性能,考虑质心侧偏角对跟踪精度和车辆稳定性的影响,修正参考横摆角,建立改进的LTVMPC.在Carsim-Simulink联合仿真平台进行低附着系数路面情况下的双移线跟踪仿真,结果表明改进后的控制算法在保证实时性的前提下,提高了路径跟踪的精确性和车辆行驶的稳定性.     

多连杆柔性关节机器人的神经网络自适应反演控制

针对模型不精确的多连杆柔性关节机器人的关节运动控制问题,提出一种新的神经网络自适应反演控制算法.该控制算法借鉴单连杆柔性关节机器人的一种神经网络自适应反演算法,在反演过程中,将系统非线性未知项与已知项分开并利用径向基神经网络在线逼近非线性未知项;对这种单连杆柔性关节机器人的神经网络自适应反演算法进行改进,构造出新的非线性项,并对转子惯性矩阵的估计转化为对转子惯量矩阵对角元素的估计;根据李雅普诺夫函数的稳定性设计出适用于多连杆柔性关节机器人的控制律与参数自适应律,从而实现多连杆柔性关节机器人的关节轨迹跟踪控制.仿真试验结果表明,与一般的比例-微分控制算法相比,该算法具有更好的轨迹跟踪性能.此外,神经网络节点数取值较小时,该算法也能够保证一定的轨迹跟踪精度.     

一种改进的动态矩阵控制算法

提出一种动态矩阵控制算法的改进算法,并用该算法对具有大时滞的系统进行研究.通过仿真试验与常规动态矩阵算法控制进行了比较,结果表明改进的动态矩阵控制算法在大时滞系统控制中具有较好的控制效果.     

一类不确定非线性系统的模型偏差补偿跟踪控制算法

针对一类带有系统未建模动态和干扰的不确定仿射非线性系统,基于滑模变结构控制和模型偏差补偿控制的思想,给出一种轨迹跟踪数字控制器的实现方法.在采样周期足够小的情况下,利用连续时间系统的前向Euler近似离散模型,首先推导出等价控制项作为前馈控制.然后将导出的状态误差修正项和模型偏差补偿项代替滑模控制中的切换函数,其中状态误差修正项用来保证状态误差趋于零,模型偏差补偿项用来补偿系统的未建模动态和干扰的不确定性,从而既保证了控制系统的鲁棒性,又消除了抖动现象.最后通过构造Lyapunov函数,证明了该控制算法的稳定性,同时以两连杆机械臂的轨迹跟踪为目标的仿真实验也说明了此数字控制器的有效性.     

基于滑模变结构的迭代学习控制器算法

迭代学习控制是一种新型控制算法,它不依赖于动态系统的精确数学模型,通过重复执行同一任务来减少误差,使系统输出尽可能逼近理想值的方法.滑模变结构控制具有很强的鲁棒性,将滑模控制算法引入ILC,提出两种基于滑模变结构的迭代学习控制算法.仿真结果表明随着迭代次数的增加,误差逐渐减小并趋于平稳,得到较好的跟踪效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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