农田蜘蛛群落结构及动态分析

对石河子地区农田及其附近典型生境中的农林蜘蛛种类，群落结构及优势种群的消长动态进行了初步研究和分析，并对优势种群的保护与利用做了一些探讨。在农田及其附近典型生境中的农林蜘蛛种类有１２科，３３属，４５种。蜘蛛在不同生境和时间下群落特征多样性有明显的差异性。     

天河机场蜘蛛群落结构研究

在武汉天河机场4种生境中共采集到蜘蛛52种,隶属于12科34属。研究表明：4种生境中的蜘蛛群落相拟性较小,群落结构组成不同,丰富度、多样性指数,均匀度、优势度均不同。这主要与植被类型、密度等生态因子相关,农事活动也是另一个重要影响因素。     

杭州不同城市生境杂草群落分布格局及其成因

在杭州城市化进程下,调查了8种城市生境类型中杂草群落的种类组成与结构.通过测定光照强度、土壤pH值、土壤电导率、土壤紧实度、土壤总氮、土壤总磷、土壤有机质及干扰类型等生境因子,分析了杂草群落物种组成与生境因子的关系.结果表明:调查的1665个杂草样方中,森林空隙和草坪是最为常见的生境类型,涵盖的群落类型数量分别占总数的...     

许昌郊区不同生境下大型土壤动物资源调查

调查了7种生境的土壤动物数量和群落组成,共获得土壤动物538只,隶属于3门7纲11目.分析表明：优势类群为蚁科和线虫,常见及较常见类群为鳞翅目、蚯蚓、鞘翅目、马陆、鳞翅目（蛹）、蛴螬、蜘蛛目、鼠妇,其余5类为稀有类群.土壤动物的个体数及类群数以城市道路绿地最多,废弃荒地最少,说明人为干扰较小的生境土壤动物的数量和类群数较多.多样性以河边人工灌丛沙地最高,菜地最低,这与河边人工灌丛沙地营养丰富,菜地施用化肥、农药有关.菜地与废弃荒地的相似性极高,说明其群落组成相同.     

河北驼梁风景区蜘蛛群落结构多样性

2007年7月对河北驼梁风景区蜘蛛种类和群落结构进行了调查,运用样方与随机扫网相结合的方法,共采集蜘蛛标本983头,隶属22科60属84种.运用群落多样性指数对其进行分析,研究结果表明:驼梁风景区蜘蛛物种多样性丰富,不同生境中蜘蛛群落的种类和结构差别较小.灌木丛中的蜘蛛种类最多,个体密度最高,群落结构相对稳定;落叶层中的蜘蛛均匀度最高,结构比较稳定;而滩涂中的蜘蛛种类少,个体密度较低,优势度明显.运用Fisher对数级数分布模型对驼梁风景区蜘蛛群落物种和多度关系进行拟合,得到结果:S=34.38 ln(1+N/34.38)(经卡方检验:χ2=7.11＜χ6,0.05=12.59,P＞0.05).     

两江机场冬季鸟类群落生态研究

两江机场及其附近的冬季鸟类群落由64种组成,分别隶属于10目24科,其中优势种12种,占总种类数的18.75%,重要性值分析显示,最重要的种类有3种,即白JiLing、田鹨和白头鹎。按乌类的生境分布系数划分,广性分布型有24种,占总种类数的37.5%,构成了该地各生境乌类群落组成的主体,不同生境的鸟类群落结构存在一些差异。结构复杂的生境,鸟类群落由3个乌类分布群组成,结构简单的生境,鸟类群落由2个鸟类分布群组成,各鸟类分布群在不同生境的鸟类群落中的比例随栖息地结构的变化而改变。     

小五台山典型生境的蜘蛛群落结构

2006年7月对小五台山国家级自然保护区的滩涂、草丛、灌木丛等典型生境的蜘蛛群落结构进行调查,采用样方采集与随机扫网相结合的方法,共采得蜘蛛标本263头,隶属于16科43属55种(属).运用群落多样性指数进行分析,结果表明:滩涂中蜘蛛优势类群较明显,个体密度、物种丰富度和多样性较低:灌木丛和草丛中的蜘蛛优势类群不明显,个体密度、物种丰富度和多样性相对较高.小五台山地区蜘蛛群落结构的现状是种类丰富,优势种不明显,个体数量较少.     

贵州紫烟洞不同光带蜘蛛群落的多样性及其影响因子分析

2006年7月对贵州省织金县城关镇紫烟洞的蜘蛛群落进行观察及标本的采集,共获标本149号,隶属1目7纲12科14属24种。经群落多样性分析,紫烟洞蜘蛛群落多样性、最大多样性、丰富度、优势度、均匀度指数最高的分别为有光带(1.783 0)、有光带(2.890 3)、有光带(3.397 3)、黑暗带(0.350 6)、弱光带(0.928 4)。通过主成分分析,研究环境因子对紫烟洞蜘蛛群落的影响,结果显示土壤中有机物的含量和洞穴内CO2的浓度是影响蜘蛛群落多样性的主要因子。     

嶂石岩蜘蛛群落种类组成的研究

对１９７９～１９８２年采自嶂石岩现存在下河北师范大生物系土壤动物研究室的５８６头蜘蛛标本进行了整理鉴定，共定出１８科６９属１２０种，此结果可以作为河北省西南部山林蜘蛛群落种类组成的典型代表。     

广西英罗港红树林蜘蛛群落初步调查

报道广西英罗港红树林蜘蛛１２科２３属３１种,并对其群落结构及生境和资源意义进行简要分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that