刍议篮球教学比赛中培养个人防守意识与防守技巧

个人防守意识与防守技巧是个人战术行动的基础，也是防守队员个人独立性的具体表现，在全队防守体系中具有关键性的作用。在篮球教学中，通过教学比赛培养个人防守意识和防守技巧有助于提高整体的比赛能力。     

第18届世界杯比赛中造成对手射门的防守失误原因分析

进攻和防守是足球比赛中永恒的主题。防守水平的高低,往往决定着比赛的胜负。参加世界杯球队的足球水平,尤其是防守水平代表着世界足球发展的潮流与方向。本文通过对第18届世界杯决赛阶段全部64场比赛的造成对手射门的防守失误情况进行观察分析。用表格方式记录每场比赛防守过程中个人防守技、战术失误和局部防守战术失误的情况,研究和归纳世界高水平球队在比赛中个人防守技、战术失误特征及局部小组防守战术失误特征。结果表明在造成对手射门的本方防守失误因素中,封堵时机不当、封堵站位不合理是个人防守技术失误的最主要原因。     

浅谈篮球比赛中个人防守战术行动

在篮球比赛中,个人防守战术行动是全队防守体系的基础,也是全队防守战术配合的桥梁与纽带。个人防守战术质量的高低直接影响着比赛的胜负关系。本文运用文献查阅法和理论分析法,从防守队员的防守意识,防守技巧和防守配合三个方面进行了阐述,为篮球比赛中个人防守战术行动质量的提高,提供了理论依据。     

浅议足球比赛中合理性防守的原则及其运用

通过观察、统计2006年足球世界杯16强的全部16场比赛录像,并将比赛中出现的个人防守行为以防守形式划分为断球、抢球、争顶球和铲球四类统计指标。对四类指标及集体防守行为中的围抢形式出现的次数进行统计,分析本届世界杯赛中防守技战术的运用特征和组织形式,从而提出现代足球比赛中合理性防守以及在比赛中合理性防守的战拳原则和运用。在比赛中只有采用合理枉的防守．才能避免防守时不必要的体力消耗和防守动作不当而造成的非伤病减员,从而增加进攻的实力。     

中国大学生足球总决赛主要防守技战术运用特征分析

通过观察2000－2001年飞利浦中国大学生足球总决定8支参赛队的全部20场比赛，将比赛中出现的个人防守形式划分为断球和抢球两类统计指标，通过成功与失败数据统计，分析总决赛中防守技战术的运用特征和组织形式。结果表明：个人防守技战术的实施是根据比赛阵形的变化，多数是在整体队形的保护之下完成的，表现出很强的整体性特征。断球成为最主要的个人防守形式，集体性围抢是在防守队形的保护层次形成后，形成局部人数上的优势，将球抢断下来。通过防守行为的整体性和主动性，加强防守效果，反映出防守的主导思想和实施战术的目的。     

关于篮球个人防守部分技术与应用

防守是我国蓝球队的一个薄弱环节。攻、守是蓝球比赛的基本规律,不能忽视任何一个方面。较高水平的强队,一般说来,必须是攻守兼备,能攻善守,重视防守训练,有利于促进攻、守提高强度,加强对抗,即提高防守强能力又利于促进攻质量,个人防守技术是战术的基础,提高个人防守能力,是解决防守薄弱的重要课题,本文对个人防守技术与应用谈谈个人的几点认识。     

论篮球教学与训练中个人防守意识培养

个人防守意识是全队防守战术是否得以贯彻和落驭,是个人防守技术的综合体现.个人防守意识的形成具体表现队员在比赛中对不同类型整体防守战术的理解和运用,对空间位置的感知和判断,对防守基础配合的默契运用,以及对规则的理解,充分体现身体素质和意识品质.其培养、训练的内容和方法,应涵盖在整个篮球教学与训练当中.     

影响排球比赛节奏诸因素的研究

现代排球比赛是一项防守和对抗十分激烈的比赛,在比赛中谁能更好地控制好比赛并且打乱对方的比赛节奏谁就能获得比赛的主权,最终获得比赛胜利,要控制好比赛节奏取决于心理因素、技战术部署与运用,个人技术等因素。     

现代足球防守型前卫（后腰）进攻与防守特点分析

分析了防守型前卫（后腰）队员进攻与防守的作用及其技术特点,认为,在比赛中,应根据队员身体特点,合理安排比赛阵形,充分发挥后腰队员个人技术和攻防能力的作用;应根据比赛的客观条件,采用合理的后腰技战术,使后腰队员在比赛中充分发挥作用.     

我国青少年足球运动员在比赛中防守技术运用情况统计分析

在足球比赛中,尽管4项防守技术（争顶球、抢球、断球、铲球）的运用次数、运用范围、成功率、防守技术之间运用的比例等状况会受到多方面因素的影响,如对手的干扰、双方战术打法的制约、全队及个人防守技术特点,还包括身体素质状况、心理素养水平和足球运动的发展趋势。在比赛中,防守队员是通过整体的、局部的、个人的努力,通过抢断球后,迅速组织进攻,表现的就是一个对手从进攻转为防守的时间差。以我国青少年球队湖北国测蓝星、中国国奥足球队2004年奥运会预选赛和17届世界杯中的部分比赛为研究对象,采用录像和理论分析法,对当今我国青少年足球比赛中防守技术的运用情况进行分析,结果表明：在多数情况下,只要抢断成功率很高,即使防守技术运用的次数不多,全队的防守的稳妥性仍越高,并且取胜的可能性也很高。而抢断的成功率,主要取决于场上的队员能否把握住抢断的时机。出色的个人防守能力是形成稳妥防守体系的根本,全队扩大防区的牢固性、全面的防守体系是控制中场、组织各种有效进攻战术的坚实基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-