Pt电极上Sb吸附原子对1,3-丁二醇电催化氧化性能的影响

运用电化学循环伏安(CV)和电化学原位石英晶体微天平(EQCM),研究了Pt电极表面不可逆吸附Sb原子的电化学特性以及Pt电极上Sb吸附原子对0.1mol·L-1H2SO4溶液中1,3 丁二醇(1,3 BDL)电催化氧化性能的影响.研究发现,当扫描电位的上限Eu≤0.50V(SCE)时,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在Pt电极表面,饱和覆盖度为0.34;通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数可得到Sbad的不同覆盖度;Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧,显著提高1,3 丁二醇电催化氧化活性.与Pt电极相比较,Sb饱和吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使1,3 丁二醇氧化的峰电位负移了0.25V,峰电流增加近1倍.该文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新证据.     

Pt及其修饰电极对丙三醇氧化的电催化性能研究

运用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了丙三醇在Pt电极和以Sb,S吸附原子修饰的Pt(Pt/Sbad和Pt/Ssd）电极上的吸附和氧化过程。结果表明丙三醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系。Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧，可显著提高丙三醇电催化氧化活性，与Pt电极相比较，Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使丙三醇氧化的峰电位负移了0．14V，相反，Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化合消耗表面氧物种，几乎完全抑制了丙三醇的电氧化。本文还从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

Pt电极上S吸附原子对甲酸电催化氧化性能的影响

运用电化学循环伏安(CV)和电化学原位石英晶体微天平(EQCM)研究了Pt电极表面不可逆吸附S原子的电化学特性以及Pt电极上S吸附原子对0．1mol^-1H2SO4溶液中甲酸电催化氧化性能的影响．研究发现，当扫描电位的上限Eu≤O．70V(SCE)时，Sad可以稳定地吸附在Pt电极表面；通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数剥离部份S可方便地得到Sad的不同覆盖度；Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化会消耗表面氧物种，抑制了甲酸的电氧化．本文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原了电催化作用的新数据。     

Pt电极上吸附原子对正丙醇电催化氧化性能的影响

用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了碱性介质中正丙醇在Pt电极和以Sb,S吸附原子修饰的Pt(Pt/Sbad和Pt/Sad)电极上电催化氧化过程。结果表明正丙醇的氧化与溶液酸碱性关系密切。酸性介质中正丙醇在Pt电极上的CV曲线有两个正向氧化峰，而碱性介质中只有一个正向氧化峰，第二个氧化峰的消失可能是由于碱性介质中电极钝化引起的。与Pt电极相比较，饱和Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使碱性介质中正丙醇氧化的峰电位负移了0.10V，峰电流增加了2．2倍，表现出显著的电催化活性。相反，Pt电极表面S吸附原子抑制了正丙醇的电氧化。还从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

乙二醇在Pt及其Sb, S修饰电极上的吸附氧化过程

研究了0.1 mol L -1 H2SO4中乙二醇在Pt电极和以吸附原子修饰的Pt (Pt/Sbad和Pt/Sad)电极上的吸附和氧化过程. 结果表明, 乙二醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系. Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧,可显著提高乙二醇电催化氧化活性. 与Pt电极相比较, Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使乙二醇氧化峰电位负移了0.20 V, 峰电流增加了近3 倍. 相反,Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化会消耗表面氧物种,几乎完全抑制了乙二醇的电氧化.     

Pt和Sb吸附原子修饰的pt电极上1.3-丁二醇氧化的CV和EQCM研究

运用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了1.3-丁二醇（1.3-BDL)－丁二醇（1.3-BDL)在Pt和以Sb原子修饰的Pt/Sbad电极上的吸附和氧化过程，结果表明1.3-丁二醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系。Pt电极表面吸附Sb原子后能在较低的电位下吸附氧，可显著提高1.3－丁二醇电催化氧化活性，与Pt电极相比较，1.3-丁二醇在Pt/Sbad电极上氧化的峰电位负移了0.25V，峰电流增加了近1倍。本文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

甲酸在表面合金电催化剂上氧化的原位FTIR反射光谱研究

运用原位红外反射光谱(FTIRS)和电化学循环伏安法(CV)研究了甲酸在三种不同电极上的电催化特性．结果表明甲酸在碳栽铂电极(Pt／GC)上的电催化氧化机理与本体铂电极(I^3t)相类似，即可以通过活性中问体或毒性中间体氧化至CO2.Pt／GC对甲酸的氧化比Pt具有更高的电催化活性．Pt／GC表面以Sb吸附原子修饰的电极(Sb—Pt／GC)上，甲酸氧化的起始电位(Ei)提前至-0．10V，氧化电流峰电位(Ep)提前至0．34V，氧化峰电流(jp)值增加了7.28倍，半峰宽(FWHM)为0．30V同样，Surface alloy／GC电极上，E1为-0．12V、Ep为0．32V和jp为7．25mA／cm^2，相对Pt／GC分别负移了0.22V、0．02V和增大了8．15倍，半峰宽(FWHM)为0．5V．表明Sb—Pt／GC和Surface alloy／GC电极不仅能够有效地抑制毒性中间体CO的生成，而且还可以显著地提高其对活性中间体的氧化的电催化活性．     

甲醛和甲酸在Pt/Biad电极上的电催化氧化

研究甲醛和甲酸在Pt/Biad电极上的电催化氧化。结果表明,吸附铋原子可以通过几何效应阻止吸附毒性的生成,对甲醛和甲酸的氧化呈现出较好的电催化活性。此外,讨论了Bi(Ⅲ）离子浓度、介质等因素对Pt/Biad电极电催化活性的影响。     

碳载Pt纳米薄膜电极制备、表征及其Sb修饰的电化学特性

运用电化学循环伏安法在玻碳载体上制备纳米级厚度的Pt膜电极,用STM表征了电极表面的形貌,测定了电沉积层的厚度、表面积和Pt载量。结果表明,电沉积的碳载Pt电催化材料是一种由粒度均匀的纳米颗粒构成的纳米薄层,表面形貌以层状结构为主,属于多晶结构;同时,运用电化学循环伏安法研究了Sb在碳载纳米Pt膜电极（记为nm-Pt/GC)表面不可逆吸附的电化学特性。研究发现,当扫描电位的上限Eu≤0.50V(SCE)时,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在nm-Pt/GC电极表面,满覆盖度为0.325;并可方便地通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数剥离部份Sb得到Sbad的不同覆盖度。     

铂电极上甲酸吸附和氧化过程的EQCM研究

运用电化学循环伏安和电化学原位石英晶体微天平方法，研究了0．1mol／L H2SO4溶液中甲酸在Pt电极上的吸附和氧化过程。结果表明：甲酸电氧化行为与电极表面氧物种有着密切的关系，正向电位扫描中甲酸在Pt电极上氧化产生3个氧化电流峰，与有机小分子醇类的氧化特征不同；负向电位扫描中出现甲酸氧化电流峰，表明甲酸在Pt电极上氧化遵循双途径过程。从表面质量定量变化的角度，提供了甲酸反应机理的新数据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with